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FAO Fisheries Technical Paper 438
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Guide for Identifying, Assessing and Reporting on Subsidies in the Fisheries Sectorby |
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FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS
Rome, 2004 |
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Cover photograph:
First-century Ad Roman mosaic, courtesy of the Palazzo Massimo, Museo
Nationale Romano, Rome, Italy. FAO/12853
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ISSN 0429-9345
ISBN 92-5-105135-6
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© FAO 2004
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FAO Fisheries Technical Paper 438 consists of ten chapters and three appendixes. Abstract After a brief introduction to the background of the document, the Guide starts in chapter 2 by explaining to the reader how it should be used. In chapter 3, it discusses how to prepare for a study of fishery subsidies. Then, before getting into more detailed advice on the study itself, a discussion follows on "what is a fisheries subsidy?" and "what are the various categories of subsidies?" in chapters 4 and 5. This part of the document is directed at those who are not familiar with the issues surrounding subsidies in fisheries. Chapter 6 is the core of the Guide. Here the reader is exposed to the use of different assessment methods. The emphasis is on how to determine the government cost - or revenue - and the value to the industry of a subsidy. The value of a subsidy to the industry is reflected in costs and earnings it causes. Chapter 7 discusses the measurement of these factors in further detail. The following chapter deals with the relative importance of fishery subsidies and gives ideas with regard to how comparative analyses can be carried out. The final two chapters discuss reporting and also give a summary of the Guide. Appendixes I and II present respectively a Glossary and a review of other subsidy classifications. Appendix III lists additional examples of possible subsidies under different categories. Westlund, L. |
Chapter 1 - A fisheries subsidies guide
Chapter 2 - How to use the guide
Chapter 3 - Planning and preparing for a fisheries subsidies study
Chapter 4 - What is a fisheries subsidy?
4.1. A definition of fisheries subsidies
4.2. The context
4.3. The economic and institutional frameworks and the fisheries sector
4.4. Where and how to find the information
4.5. Identifying fisheries subsidies - a first list
Chapter 5 - Different categories of subsidies
5.1. Four categories of fisheries subsidies
5.2. Category 1: Direct financial transfers
5.3. Category 2: Services and indirect financial transfers
5.4. Category 3: Regulations
5.5. Category 4: Lack of intervention
5.6. International practice
Chapter 6 - Assessing subsidies
6.1. Framework and general principles
6.2. Short and long-term effects
6.3. The firm, the industry and society
6.4. Government cost and industry value
6.5. Assessing different types of subsidies6.5.1. Presentation of subsidy examples
6.5.2. Investment grants
6.5.3. Vessel decommissioning programmes
6.5.4. Equity infusions and state-ownership
6.5.5. Income support and unemployment insurance programmes
6.5.6. Price support
6.5.7. Export incentives and other market interventions
6.5.8. Fuel tax exemptions
6.5.9. Investment tax credits and deferred tax programmes
6.5.10. Favourable loans and loan guarantees
6.5.11. Special insurance schemes for vessels and equipment
6.5.12. Training and extension
6.5.13. Inspection and certification services
6.5.14. Fishing port facilities and other infrastructure
6.5.15. Payments to foreign governments to secure access to fishing grounds
6.5.16. Government research and development (R & D)
6.5.17. Import quotas, tariffs and other border measures
6.5.18. Fisheries management and environmental protection programmes
6.5.19. Free or below market price access to fishing grounds: resource rent subsidies
6.5.20. Lack of pollution control
6.5.21. Lack of implementation of existing regulations
Chapter 7 - Costs and earnings analysis - the impact on industry profits
7.1. The profit and loss account and the classification matrix
7.2. Information requirements
7.3. Income statement with and without fisheries subsidies
Chapter 8 - Comparative analysis
8.1. Relative importance of costs and values
8.2. Financial ratios
Chapter 9 - What to include in a subsidy description
Chapter 10 - Reporting on subsidies
10.1. The study report
10.2. Fisheries subsidies study conventions
10.3. Summary of the guide
Appendix II - Other subsidy classifications
Appendix III - More examples of possible subsidies of different categories