EMERGENCY PREVENTION SYSTEM
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Text Prepared by
Jeffrey C. Mariner
(Consultant to FAO)
with additions by
Roger Paskin
(Animal Health Officer, Infectious Disease Emergencies,
FAO)
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS
Rome 2000
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The designations employed and the presentation of material in
this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever
on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its
authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or
boundaries. |
ISBN 92-5-104523-2
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© FAO 2000
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Chapter 1: Participatory Epidemiology in Context
Introduction
Qualitative Intelligence Gathering and Quantitative Research
Principles of Rapid Appraisal Methods
Data Sources in Rapid Appraisals
Factors which may militate against the use of Random Sampling
Potential Sources of bias in Participatory Appraisals
Advantages of Participatory Methods in Epidemiological Studies
Participatory and Rapid Appraisal Techniques
Existing Veterinary Knowledge
Participatory Epidemiology and Epidemiological Intelligence
Chapter 2: Identification and Prioritisation of Animal Health Issues
Multiple Methods and Multiple Informants
Key Biological SamplingAnalytical Activities, Exercises and Games
Mapping
Diagramming
Seasonal Calendars
Time Lines
Ranking, Scoring and Proportional Piling
Progeny History AnalysisIterative Analysis
Participatory Analysis
Quantitative or Statistical AnalysisParticipatory Epidemiology and Women’s Farming Activities
The role of women in agriculture
Working with women livestock owners - the rationale
Understanding “womens’ farming”
Chapter 3: Participatory Programmes and General Disease Surveillance
Chapter 4: Participatory Disease Investigation
Specificity of Disease Terminology
Interpretation and Utilisation of Results
Confirmation of Results
Chapter 5: Conclusion and Future Directions
Annex 1: Epidemiological Field Kit
Annex 2: Progeny History Analysis
Annex 3: Stomatitis-Enteritis Sample Collection
Annex 4: Application of Participatory Methods to Rinderpest epidemiology
Overview of Rinderpest Surveillance Programmes
The Six Components of Comprehensive Rinderpest Surveillance
The Role of Participatory Epidemiology in Rinderpest SurveillancePrincipals of Active Rinderpest Surveillance
Prevalence of stomatitis-enteritis agents
Clinical syndrome-based surveillance
Stomatitis-Enteritis Clinical Outbreak Definition
Stomatitis-Enteritis Outbreak Reporting and Performance Indicators
Participatory Epidemiology and Clinical Syndrome-Based SurveillanceRinderpest Participatory Disease Search Methodology
Preparations
Interviewing
Topics for Probing
Mapping
Clinical Observation, Sample Collection and Transects
Analysis of ResultsParticipatory Epidemiological Intelligence and Serosurveillance.
Seromonitoring
Participatory Epidemiology and the Design of Serosurveillance Programmes
Interpretation and Investigation of Serosurveillance Results