1.1 The problem of the world's renewable natural resources
1.2 Trends in forestry, soil and water programmes and legislation.
2.2.1 Resource conservation definitions
2.2.1.1 Watershed
2.2.1.2 Landscape degradation
2.2.1.3 Erosion
2.2.1.4 Shifting cultivation
2.2.1.5 Development
2.2.1.6 Multiple use
2.2.1.7 Conservation and rehabilitation
2.2.2.1 Policy
2.2.2.2 Planning
2.2.2.3 Plan
2.2.2.4 Project
2.2.2.5 Programme
2.2.2.6 Strategy and tactics
2.2.2.7 Organization
2.2.3 Legal-economic definitions
2.2.3.1 Incentive
2.2.3.2 Grants
2.2.3.3 Subsidy
2.2.3.4 Economic analysis and financial analysis
2.2.3.5 Planning horizon
2.2.3.6 Financial costs and benefits
2.2.3.7 Economic costs and benefits
3. MOUNTAIN WATERSHEDS AND OTHER CRITICAL AREAS
3.1.1 Areas with population pressure
3.2.1 Impact on land and labour factors
3.2.3 Impact on production structure
3.2.4 Impact on community incomes
3.2.5 Profitability of conservation projects
4. TYPES OF INCENTIVE AND DISCUSSION OF MAIN ELEMENTS
4.2.1.1 Grants
4.2.1.2 Daily wages
4.2.1.3 Subsidies
4.2.1.4 Loans
4.2.1.5 Revolving funds
4.2.1.6 Cost-sharing agreements
4.2.2 Direct incentives in kind
4.2.2.1 Food
4.2.2.2 Agricultural inputs
4.2.2.3 Small tools and equipment
4.2.2.4 Inputs for social community infrastructure
4.2.2.5 Inputs and tools for access road construction and improvement
4.2.2.6 Irrigation systems
4.2.2.7 Draught and production animals
4.2.2.8 Animal feed
4.2.2.9 Allocation of public forests to the community
4.2.2.10 Influence of certain variables on the impact of direct incentives in kind
4.3.1.1 Tax exemptions
4.3.1.2 Tax allowances
4.3.1.3 Security, guarantees and insurance
4.3.1.4 Tariffs, input and output prices
4.3.1.5 Land tenure security
4.3.2.1 Technical assistance
4.3.2.2 Marketing and storage
4.3.2.3 Roads
4.3.2.4 Education and training
4.3.2.5 Machinery and equipment
4.3.2.6 Influence of variables on the impact of service incentives
4.3.3.1 Provision of services
4.3.3.2 Community buildings
4.3.3.3 Community organization
4.3.3.4 Influence of variables on the impact of social incentives
5. COMPONENTS OF A PLANNING AND INCENTIVES PACKAGE
5.2 Some strategies for tackling the problem of natural resources
5.2.1 Resource conservation through law
5.2.2 Indirect approach strategy
5.2.3 Strategy of one-time action for key targets and subsequent extension of these modules
5.2.4 Long-term, low-intensity action
5.3 Establishing incentive programmes
5.3.5 Design of plans and projects
5.3.5.1 Selecting the type of incentive
5.3.5.2 Insitutional capabilities
5.3.5.3 Funding
5.3.5.4 Peasant participation
5.3.5.5 Evaluation
ANNEX I CASE STUDIES
ANNEX II USE OF INCENTIVES FOR THE VARIOUS ACTIVITIES OF A RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECT
ANNEX III SOME EXAMPLES OF INCENTIVE APPLICATION
