FAO FOOD AND NUTRITION PAPER 84 The double burden of malnutrition Case studies from six developing countries
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Cover photographs:
Upper right: World Health Organization.
Upper left: Institute Nacional de Salud Pública, Mexico.
Bottom: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention

ISBN 92-5-105489-4
ISSN 0254-4725

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© FAO 2006

CONTENTS

Foreword
Acroynms

Assessment of the double burden of malnutrition in six case study countries

Introduction
Key development indicators and linkages to the double burden of malnutrition in the case study countries
Review of trends in food available for consumption in the six case study countries
Dietary intake data
Trends in nutritional anthropometry and micronutrient deficiencies among children and adults
Burden of disease
Conclusions
References

The double burden of malnutrition in China, 1989 to 2000

Introduction
Data sources for dietary intake, nutrition and health indicators
Trends in dietary intake
Trends in the intakes of children aged two to five years
Trends in nutritional status
Trends in chronic disease risk factors
Trends in morbidity and mortality from chronic and infectious disease
Policies and programmes
Conclusion
References

Assessment of dietary changes and their health implications in countries facing the double burden of malnutrition: Egypt, 1980 to 2005

Introduction
Demography and urbanization
Diet and dietary trends
Trends in nutritional status in Egypt, 1985 to 2005
Diet-related chronic diseases
Communicable disease burden
Policies and strategies to improve nutritional status
Conclusion
Summary of the capacity building needed to improve nutritional status in Egypt
References
Annexes

The double burden of malnutrition in India

Introduction
Sustainable food production to meet nutritional needs
Consumption expenditure on food
Dietary intake data from nutrition surveys
Dietary intake and nutritional status in different age groups
Micronutrient deficiencies
Prevalence of non-communicable diseases
Factors responsible for the emerging problem of overnutrition
Linkages between overnutrition and NCDS
National nutrition policy and plan of action: the response to nutrition transition
Summary and conclusions
References

Food consumption, food expenditure, anthropometric status and nutrition-related diseases in Mexico

Introduction
Methods
Food and nutrition programmes in Mexico
Discussion
Conclusions
References
Annexes

Dietary changes and their health implications in the Philippines

Introduction
Data sources used in the case study
Dietary changes 1978 to 2003
Changes in nutritional status
Trends in prevalence of diet-related cvd risk factors
Trends in mortality from all causes
National nutrition policies, strategies and programmes
Conclusion
References
Annexes

Dietary changes and the health transition in South Africa: implications for health policy

Introduction
Dietary trends and associated risk factors
Trends in nutritional status
Other chronic diseases and associated lifestyle risk factors
Communicable disease burden
Summary
Current policies and strategies for addressing nutrition problems in south africa
Conclusions
References
Annexes

Trends towards overweight in lower- and middle-income countries: some causes and economic policy options

Abstract
Introduction
Policy alternatives: lessons from developed countries?
Overall summary and conclusions
References
Annexes

Workshop recommendations

Lessons learned and challenges faced during production of the country reports
Recommendations for addressing the double burden of malnutrition at the individual and community levels
Annexes

FAO technical papers - FAO food and nutrition papers

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