Agricultural Implements Used
by Women Farmers in Africa

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JAPAN Official Development Assistance
International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Rome, 2008

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Table of contents

Foreword  [Download  120Kb]
Acknowledgements
Executive Summary
Preface

Chapter 1:   [Download  264Kb]
Main Findings

Differences Between the Countries Reviewed:
General Observations
The Role of Women in Agriculture
Tools
Working Posture
Draught Animals for Women
Small Tractors and Other Motorized Equipment
Women’s Access to Land
Credit for Women
The Role of Women’s Groups
The Institutional Sector
Ergonomic Studies
The NGO Sector
Blacksmiths
The Commercial and Industrial Sectors
The Oxen vs. Donkey Debate

Chapter 2:   [Download  348Kb]
What Women and Men Farmers Say

Women’s Hardest Job
Differences in the Tools Used by Men and Women
Replacement of Tools
Blacksmith – vs. Industrially-Made Tools and Implements
Prices
Who Decides Which Tools to Buy?
Willingness to Work with Technicians to Develop Better
  Tools and to Pay More for Improved Versions

Chapter 3:   [Download  281Kb]
Conclusions and Recommendations

General
Limited Resources Available to Women
Weeding as Women’s Hardest Job and as a Major
  Constraint to Increased Production
Lack of Information Flow Between Importers/Producers of Tools
  and Farmers and the General Isolation of the Commercial Sector
Lack of Training in Animal Traction for Women
Lack of Research on Women’s Production Technology
Attempts to Introduce Exogenous Technology

Annex 1:   [Download  125Kb]
Country Case Study
Burkina Faso

Annex 2:   [Download  110Kb]
Country Case Study
Senegal

Annex 3:   [Download  123Kb]
Country Case Study
Uganda

Annex 4:   [Download  119Kb]
Country Case Study
Zambia

Annex 5:   [Download  120Kb]
Country Case Study
Zimbabwe

Annex 6:   [Download  613Kb]
Photographs and Descriptions of
Tools and Implements