Italian Locust (CIT) mating and egg-laying continued in Armenia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russian Federation and Tajikistan. Migratory Locust (LMI) mating and egg-laying continued in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and the Russian Federation. During the forecast period, locusts will complete their natural cycle in most areas. Control operations ended in all countries; since the beginning of the national campaigns, about 3.5 million ha have been treated in Caucasus and Central Asia (CCA), which is close to the area treated in 2017 (3.6 million ha).