SS 8
CHULLASORN, S. and P. MARTOSUBROTO
Distribution and important biological features of
coastal fish resources in Southeast Asia.
1986 84 pp
FAO Fish. Tech. Pap., (278), 84 p
The distribution and important biological features of the major coastal fish resources in the region, covering finfish, both pelagic and demersal, shrimps and cephalopods, are reviewed. First, the names of the major species or species group reported from the countries bordering on the region are shown by country on a table. Second, the information and parameters on important biological features of major species are tabulated by species group in subsequent tables with specific studies. Third, the geographic distribution of major species groups is shown in schematic illustrations. The sources of the information for the mapping is given in both the text and the references at the end of this paper. The results obtained are discussed first in a general manner, and second in connection with the requirements for future research.
SS 9
KAPETSKY, J.M.
Some considerations for the management of coastal
lagoons and estuarine fisheries.
1981 47 pp
FAO Fish. Tech. Pap., (218), 47 p
Management of artisanal fisheries in coastal lagoons and estuaries is treated in three broad categories --regulatory management, non-regulatory management, and interactions between fisheries or fishery interests. Regulation of artisanal fisheries in coastal lagoons and estuaries by government authority is hampered for several reasons. Technical and financial constraints on government severely limit enforcement capabilities. Socio-economic considerations, chiefly the lack of alternative employment opportunities for fishermen, preclude the adoption of many of the classical regulatory management techniques. As a means to complement or supplement management by central government authority, revitalization of local traditional authority is advocated. Non-regulatory management, the application of methods which increase capture and culture fishery potential through manipulation of the environment, is illustrated by various kinds of hydraulic engineering, predator control, stocking, artificial nursery areas, and brush-park fisheries. Interactions between fisheries of fishery interests is treated at several levels. Considered are competition between groups of fishermen of different ethnic and economic backgrounds, interactions between artisanal capture fisheries and aquaculture, and competition between artisanal fisheries of coastal lagoons and estuaries and offshore industrial fisheries which fish the same stocks.
SS 10
BILAL, J. and W.W. KUHNHOLD
Marine oil pollution in Southeast Asia.
1980 115 pp
South China Sea Fisheries Development and
Coordinating Programme, SCS/80/WP/92 (revised)
This report tries to give an overview over the situation of actual and potential sources, levels and effects of marine oil pollution in the region of the ASEAN. For each of the countries, the sites of exploration, production, and refineries are described and the size of production and transportation are given. The transiting tanker traffic, mainly to and from Japan, also plays an important role for oil contamination along major shipping routes. Oil spills are listed for geographical subregions: Malacca Strait, Singapore waters, South China Sea, Gulf of Thailand, and the Philippine waters. Observations of beach tarball (mainly Thailand) and levels of hydrocarbons in seawater (Indonesia and Philippines) are compiled, though few data are available, and methods are not comparable. It was attempted to look for recorded effects on biota and living resources, but besides impact of oil on amenities, only one case of damage to mangrove can be described. Effects on fisheries cannot be related to present oil pollution. The national research and monitoring activities concerned with oil pollution and described, results of which are incorporated in this report. The current systems of the subregions are described to give some indication of possible transportation of oil slicks and tar balls. Finally, a brief overview on the existing regulations and plans for pollution control and contingencies is given.
SS 11
KUMPF, H.E.
Economic impact of the effects of pollution on the
coastal fisheries of the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico
regions of the United States of America.
1977 79 pp
FAO Fish. Tech. Pap., (172), 79 p
This report reviews and evaluates the economic impact on the fisheries of the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts of the United States of other human activities. Four types of impact were considered: production of oil and gas; direct fish mortalities caused by effluent; habitat deterioration; and closure of molluscan fisheries for health reasons. An attempt is made to obtain quantitative (dollar) estimates of the impacts, both negative and positive. The main quantifiable effects are of habitat destruction on species requiring estuaries and similar areas as nurseries (particularly in the Gulf and Middle Atlantic region), and molluscan fisheries (again the Gulf region is particularly affected). Fish kills seem highly variable from year to year. A massive kill (including large-scale destruction of valuable surf clam stocks) occured in the New York Bight in 1976, associated with anoxic conditions. These conditions were at least partly due to natural, environmental events.
SS 6/1
LOIX, B. (Ed)
Marine fish hatcheries: Site, production programme
and dimensioning.
1987 12 pp
Production in marine hatcheries, Rovinj, Zadar
(Yugoslavia), 10–28 Feb., 37–48
Criteria to be considered for the site choice of a marine hatchery are examined: socio-economic aspects; water supply water quality; building permissions and eventual restrictions; proximity of raw materials; labor supply and basic networks; proximity of the place of destination for fingerlings; environmental factors; and eventual existence of economic or social facilities. Production programs and hatchery dimensioning are also described.
SS 6/2
HAGINO, S. and S. KAWAMATA
Numerical simulation on water current in rocky
fishing grounds. Wave-induced current off Taro coast.
1986 32 pp
Tech. Rep. Natl. Res. Inst. Fish. Eng., no. 7, 15–31
Numerical simulation models are shown to explain the wave and wave-induced current in rocky fishing grounds. The models were designed to help in studying construction plans of aquacultural grounds. Two terms were added to the fundamental equation program of fluid: a term of radiation stress and a term bottom friction due to waves. Numerical computations were made for the wave-induced current of Aonotaki region, Iwate Prefecture, Japan. From the numerical computations, it is inferred that the speed of wave-induced current is high and a distinct waveinduced circulation is produced around the wave convergence areas.
SS 6/3
HEM, S.
Report to the government of the kingdom of Saudi
Arabia. Fishpens plans and construction along the red
sea coast for the Fish Farming Centre in Jeddah.
1985 22 pp
FAO, Rome (Italy), 1985, 22 pp
The report describes the project which is concerned with the design and construction of pilot experimental fishpen module along the Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia. Following description of the fish pen site, necessary stages in constructing fish pens on a sandy bottom lagoon are detailed and cost estimated are presented.
SS 6/4
BEAVIS, A., CHARLIER, R.H. and C. DE-MEYER
On-shore siting of OTEC plants.
1986 6 pp
Oceans '86 conference record: Science-engineering-aquaculture,
vol. 1. Systems, structures & analysis,
Oceans '86, 174–179
An overview is presented of the foremost parameters to be quantified when reviewing the site potential of tropical islands for land-based OTEC power generation. The part that aquaculture can play in boosting the payback on an OTEC station is discussed, drawing on detailed analysis made for the EUROCEAN OTEC project at Curacao, and on recent reports for sites in the Indian Ocean. Site suitability requirements for aquaculture need to be defined well in advance, even in those cases where start-up will be delayed until a large cold water flow is on-stream from the OTEC plant. The exploitation of the temperature difference between warm, surface waters (0–40 m depth; annual range 27–30 degree C) and cold, underlying deepwater present in most tropical oceans (20 degree S -20 degree N) was first put forward as early as 1881. TAYLOR has tabulated a list of countries best suited to OTEC plants: remotely year-round lack of freshwater; inhabited by an indigenous community; lying within 30 kg of a stable, thermal resource of sufficient gradient (T 18 – 23 degree C) to justify thermodynamic conversion into electric power at an overall efficiency of 1–2.5%.
