ANNEX C

UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME

Project of the Government of
INDONESIA

PROJECT DOCUMENT

Number:

Primary function: Development of the marine resources

Secondary function: Training of technical manpower

Government implementing agency: Directorate General of Fisheries

Executing agency: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Estimated starting date: January 1981

PART I. Legal Context

This Project Document shall be the instrument (therein referred to as a Plan of Operation) envisaged in Article 1, paragraph 2, of the Agreement between the Government of Indonesia and the United Nations Development Programme concerning assistance under the Special Fund Sector of the United Nations Development Programme, signed by the Parties on 7 October 1960 and confirmed by letter of 17 November 1966 from the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia.

PART II.A Development Objective

The project was designed to provide the rational basis necessary for the long-range goals of conserving and enhancing the productivity of the seaweed resources as a means of uplifting the socio-economic status of the inhabitants along coastal areas.

PART II.B Immediate Objectives

The immediate goals of this project are:

1. To establish pilot and demonstration farms for economic seaweed species which shall serve as the training centre for field testing, production and extension work.

2. To assess and evaluate the present status of the stocks of economically important seaweed species as well as the ecological conditions of the reefs as potential sites for farming of cultivable and/or natural management of non-farmable species.

3. To train the technical support manpower needed and to establish facilities necessary for the effective implementation of this project.

4. To formulate long-range development plans based on the information derived from 1, 2 and 3, as well as from other sources.

PART II.C Background and Justification

Indonesia is an archipelagic country composed of over 13 000 big and small islands. As such, it has a very long coastline and extensive marine waters with scattered tropical coral reefs. These types of environments are suitable habitats for various marine resources such as a number of known economic seaweeds.

As an archipelago, a large portion of the population of Indonesia are found along the coastal areas. The lives of these people are intimately dependent on the resources of the sea as source of food and means of livelihood. Such dependence are more pronounced in far-flung areas which are hardly influenced by the developmental activities such as those found in population centres.

Aside from fish, seaweeds are among the coastal resources which play an important role in the lives of these people. In addition to their utilization as food, many species are commercially important as raw materials in the manufacture of products such as agar, carrageenan and alginates which find a wide variety of uses in industry. Indonesia is one of the major world supplier of dried raw seaweeds of commerce. In 1975, the estimated production was over 8 000 tons valued at about Rp 765 millions. The exports amounted to 1 900 tons valued at US$58 000, while imports (mostly agar-agar) was 49 tons valued at US$98 000. The production fluctuated widely from year to year showing that there is no stable supply and market outlet; the exports have been decreasing while imports are increasing.

Although the potentials of the seaweed resources are great, their present productivity is low and thus, the economic benefits which should accrue to the coastal inhabitants are only very minimal. There is an urgent need to conserve and, in fact, enhance their productivity through resource development, management and culture. Present efforts in this respect are constrained by the unavailability of both basic and applied information which are necessary prerequisites for the development of these resources. This is compounded by the lack of trained support manpower and facilities to back-stop these development efforts.

PART II.D Outputs

1. Establishment of two pilot demonstration farms for Eucheuma in Bali province and in Tablolong in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara province.

2. Establishment of a Gracilaria pilot site for the management of its natural stocks and culture in Pulau Dapi, Sumbawa Island, West Nusa Tenggara province.

3. Production of at least six or more trained technical manpower to backstop the development efforts in Phase I, as well as serve as trainors and team leaders in the expanded Phase II of the Programme. Additional training for lower level technicians and seaweed farmers can also be started.

4. Establishment of development facilities and infrastructures in pilot sites.

5. Acquisition of equipment needed in the development efforts.

6. Make preliminary assessment of post-harvest technology and marketing of economic seaweed resources.

7. Formulation of an integrated long-range development programme for the seaweed resources of Indonesia (Phase II).

PART II.C Activities

The above activities will be implemented by the UNDP/FAO staff and counterpart staff under the direct supervision of the Senior Seafarming Adviser and the Project Director.

The activities in Items 1, 2 and 3 will apply in 1982 and 1983 but will be preceded by a preliminary field survey and more extensive evaluation of sites in 1981 to determine the viable sites for development. Evaluation of the progress of the project will be done in July and December of each year during which adjustments and/or modifications in plans will be made necessary.

Brief description of project components

1. Establishment of pilot and demonstration plans

Two small but functional farms for Eucheuma of about one hectare in size are targeted for this purpose. These are the reef in the north channel fronting Serengan Island in Bali province, and the Tablolong Reef in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara province. The pilot farms will serve as demonstration as well as training sites for Eucheuma farming where future seaweed farmers will be taught the culture and management of the farm. It will also serve as field testing facility to study the various problems involving production technology, post-harvest handling of the produce and management of the farm. It will also serve as the centre for training of the technical support manpower in culture and extension work.

2. Evaluation and assessment of natural stocks and the potential sites for culture

The lack of information and data on these aspects of the seaweed resource is one of the major constraints in development. The main output of this work will be the accumulation of data and information on the kinds of species, their distribution in time and space, the amount of their standing stocks and potential sites for their cultural and/or natural management. Natural management of stocks will include species which cannot be efficiently farmed through the vegetative means as in Eucheuma.

Cooperation and assistance of provincial fisheries services as well as other fisheries field units will be sought in this work. National counterpart budget to enable these units to participate in the programme will have to be provided.

3. Assessment of post-harvest technology and marketing

In order to create demand for the species targeted for production and to provide a stable base for the seaweed industry, the problem on quality control of the produce and the marketing system necessary must be solved. Present low demand for local seaweeds is primarily due to the poor quality of the produce from natural stocks. This is compounded by the lack of marketing system and facilities resulting in the very low price in the present limited market. No amount of extension work and government assistance can encourage commercial production if the market remains depressed.

Post-harvest technology studies must include post-harvest preparation in the field and the problems associated with quality control during transport and storage.

4. Manpower development and acquisition of development facilities

The development of technical expertise for development and extension work is the most important component during Phase I of this project. A team of at least six personnel will be trained through fellowship and study/tours as extension and development staff.

Manpower development will be of two types, the local group training and special training abroad. The former will be short-term and is envisioned to supply the initial technical expertise needed. The latter will be longer term of one year or longer whenever possible leading to baccalaureate or graduate degrees. This type is intended to provide technical expertise and leadership in development work. Both types of training will be programmed during Phase I of this project.

Acquisition of the basic equipment for survey and development work will be done prior to the start of the training programme. A list of some of these essential equipment is appended. A modest field testing laboratory doubling as farm house and office is targeted also during the initial stage.

PART II.F Inputs

1. UNDP inputs

(a) Personnel

The services of an expatriate technical adviser, a fishery biologist (seafarming), a master seaweed farmer who are experts in seaweed culture and development, short-term consultants in post-harvest technology, seaweed diseases, marine ecology, and cooperatives and marketing will be needed to provide the expertise necessary for the successful implementation of the project.

The services for the first three expatriate specialists will be preferably on a full-time basis but providing for certain degree of leeway in case such arrangement may not be possible. These experts will provide the necessary leadership in resource development and training.

The services of the consultants in post-harvest technology, diseases, ecology, etc., will be short-term in nature not to exceed three man-months each. Their services will only be contracted as required. Official travel of the expatriate personnel will be included in the funding.

(b) Training

Fund contributions by UNDP/FAO cover only the special training fellowship and group training outside Indonesia. This will consist of in-depth training in development and production methodologies such as seaweed identification and biology and marine agronomy. Training fellowships will be extended to enable the trainee to finish a baccalaureate or graduate degree. The group training (study/tour) will be limited for short-term and will be spent in the Asian region

(c) Equipment/supplies (Annex D)

These will be of two types, namely, the expendable and nonexpendable. The expendable equipment/supplies will include items such as chemicals and reagents, nylon twines, ropes and monofilaments, breakable equipment such as glasswares, slides and cover glasses, certain office and laboratory supplies, etc. The non-expendable forms will include equipment for land and water transport, microscopes, pH meter, salinometer, selected office equipment, diving equipment and other oceanographic and laboratory equipment. These are items which can last for longer periods under normal use.

(d) Miscellaneous items/expenditures

These will include supplies and materials needed to render the equipment operational during the life of the project, such as gasoline/diesel fuel, spare parts, electricity, postage, cables, reporting costs, as well as unforeseen expenditures.

2. Government inputs

(a) Personnel

Counterpart personnel/staff from the government will include the project director, one project leader, three team leaders, three fishery biologists and administrative support personnel, such as the administrative officer, drivers, boat operators, labourers. Their composition and number will have to be determined by the government based on the amount of activities envisioned.

The Project Director must at least spend 20 percent of his official hours for the project. The Project Leader, the Team Leaders and Fishery Biologists must preferably be full-time with the project. Concerned staff under the Project Director's office may be called upon to do some specific work for the project, on part-time basis.

Honoraria for part-time and salaries for full-time personnel must be contributed by the Government of Indonesia based on standard rates for such items or positions.

Official cost of travel by these personnel must also be to the account of the government.

(b) Training

The cost of local group training must be borne by the government except for the expatriate staff or consultant, whose scope of services and/or expertise are duly covered by funds alloted for expatriate personnel.

(c) Supplies/equipment and capital outlay

The cost of office supplies for in-service training and clerical purposes including office equipment such as typewriters, office furniture, etc., which are available locally will be borne by the government.

All cost for capital outlay such as construction materials, labour, acquisition of property for the construction of the pilot farm stations and facilities such as docking facilities, pier, fences, etc., will also be borne by the government including future improvement and maintenance costs of the stations and the facilities as well as the cost of repair of the land and water transport equipment.

Project Budget Covering UNDP Contribution
(In US Dollars)

Project Budget Covering Government Counterpart Contribution (In Indonesian Rupiahs)