The authors wish to express their gratitude to all officials of the Directorate General of Fisheries in Jakarta and its Provincial Fisheries Service for all the assistance extended. We thank particularly Messrs. Soewito, Soeyanto Tirtosoehardjo, Ichsan Santika, Mrs. Budiningsih Sunyoto and Mrs. Hartati Suprayitno for the cooperation and coordination of activities; to Mr. Machfudz Djajasamita and staff of Bogor Museum for the help in the identification of shellfish specimen. We also thank for the help extended by the Marine Fisheries Research Institute and the National Institute of Oceanology, FAO/UNDP office in Jakarta and the South China Sea Programme in Manila.
Surveyed site* | Area 10% | Ecological factors | Accessibility 10% | Market & labor 10% | Total 100% | ||||||
Local stock 10% | Current 10% | Substratum 10% | Depth 10% | Exposure to wind 10% | Other factors1 10% | Pollution free 10% | |||||
Tanjung Balai | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 8 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 95 |
Ketapang Bay | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 4 | 10 | 5 | 9 | 9 | 87 |
Pari Island | 6 | 8 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 10 | 10 | 8 | 8 | 85 |
Demak | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 84 |
Jepara | 8 | 9 | 10 | 8 | 9 | 1 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 79 |
Tayu Pati | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 10 | 5 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 87 |
Rembang | 9 | 9 | 10 | 9 | 10 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 89 |
Socha | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 8 | 87 |
Kwanyar | 8 | 8 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 86 |
Kenjeran | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 10 | 6 | 8 | 6 | 9 | 9 | 87 |
Pasuruan | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 10 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 93 |
Probolinggo | 8 | 8 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 87 |
Labuan Lombok | 8 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 91 |
Bima | 9 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 88 |
Sape Bay | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 7 | 91 |
Kupang | 8 | 7 | 10 | 10 | 6 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 87 |
Maros | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 85 |
* Note: Banten Bay and Lokotoi Bay were not evaluated.
1 Other factors include salinity, temperature, pH and turbidity.
Name of shellfish | 1973 | 1974 | 1975 | 1976 | 1977 | 1978 | ||||||
Ton | Value | Ton | Value | Ton | Value | Ton | Value | Ton | Value | Ton | Value | |
Tiram-cupped oyster | 1 058 | 132 | 11 | 127 | 1 009 | 90 | 617 | 180 | 1 274 | 645 | 186 | 23 |
Simping-scallops | 8 | 0 | 859 | 12 | 47 | 4 | 81 | 8 | 79 | 6 | 453 | 40 |
Remis-clams | 29 | 3 | 29 | 1 | 67 | 3 | 1 172 | 50 | 2 702 | 64 | 4 319 | 95 |
Kerang darah-blood cockles | 482 | 12 | 604 | 17 | 2 399 | 89 | 22 975 | 736 | 31 360 | 546 | 40 980 | 1 074 |
1 In million Indonesian Rupiahs
2 From Fisheries Statistics of Indonesia, 1978.
Banten Bay | Kenjeran | Pasuruan | Probolinggo | Socha Kwanyan | Demak | Tayu | Rembang | Jepara | Tan. Balai | Tangerang | Pari Island | Lombok | Bima | Sape | Kupang | Maros | Lokotoi | |
Anadara granosa | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||
A. inflata | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||
A. nodifera | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||
A. indica | x | x | ||||||||||||||||
A. antiquata | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | |||||||||||
A. pilula | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||
A. maculosa | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||
A. pausigranosa | x | x | x | |||||||||||||||
Meretrix lyrata | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||
Mytilus viridis | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||
Musculista senhausia | x | x | ||||||||||||||||
Crassostrea cuculata | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | |||||||
Pinctada maxima | x | |||||||||||||||||
P. margaritifera | x | x | x | |||||||||||||||
P. martensii | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||
Pteria penguin | x | x | ||||||||||||||||
Placuna placenta | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||
Polymela coakans | x | |||||||||||||||||
Lucina edentula | x | |||||||||||||||||
Mactra maculata | x | |||||||||||||||||
Soligna madriata | x | |||||||||||||||||
Lutria maxima | x | |||||||||||||||||
Gafrarium gibbia | x | |||||||||||||||||
Tellina sp. | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | |||||||||||
Atrina spp. (Pinna) | x | x | ||||||||||||||||
Pecten sp. | x | x | x | |||||||||||||||
Cardium flavum | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||
Tapes sp. | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | |||||||||||
Cleone isabellina | x | |||||||||||||||||
Tridacna sp. | x | x |
Fig. 1 Map of Indonesia showing the locations of sites surveyed
Fig. 2 Tanjung Balai, North Sumatra
Fig. 3 Banten Bay, West Java
Fig. 4 Ketapang Bay, West Java
Fig. 5 Pari Island, Jakarta
Fig. 6 Demak and Jepara, Central Java
Fig. 7 Tayu, Pati and Rembang, Central Java
Fig. 8 Desa Soca and Kwanyar, Bangkalan, Madura Island and Kenjeran, Surabaya, East Java
Fig. 9 Pasuruan and Probolinggo, East Java
Fig. 10 Labuan Lombok, Lombok Island West Nusa Tenggara
Fig. 11 Bima Bay, Sumbawa Island West Nusa Tenggara
Fig. 12 Sape Bay, Sumbawa Island West Nusa Tenggara
Fig. 13 Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara
Fig. 14 Maros, South Sulawesi
Fig. 15 Lokotoi, Banggai, Central Celebes
Fig. 16 Spatula - for digging bivalve
Fig. 17 Hand dredge
Fig. 18 Rake with collecting bag
Fig. 19 Dredge - towed by sailboat
Fig. 20 Wooden skate board