APPENDIX 1:

SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND MARKETING QUESTIONNAIRES

PHASE I: NON-FISH FARMER SURVEY

PHASE I/NON-FISH FARMERS

CODES FOR HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS

1.Name: Write out the names of all the members of the household including part-time and non-residents. Include all children and relatives who are full time residents.

2.Relation to Head:

5.Age: Write the age, or the year born, of the member

Instruction: Ask the following questions to members who are more than 6 years.

8. Education:

9. Literacy:

1 = read and write English and Shona
2 = read and write Shona only
3 = read and write Ndebele only
4 = neither read nor write

10. Primary Occupation:

Instruction: Ask the following questions to members who are full time and part time residents residents only.

11. Secondary Occupation: codes are as above.

12. Civic Status in the Village or Ward:

15. In order of importance, rank the top three sources of the household's income. Tiudzeiwo, nzira nhatu dzakakuwanisai mari gore rapfuura kutanga nenzira yakakuwanisai mari kunyanya.

Instruction: Indicate with numbers: the first, second and third source of income.

16. Farming Profile: Can you estimate the following:

16. (HORTICULTURE) Can you estimate the following:

17. Can you estimate your total area of cultivated land, area under fallow, area of stand, area borrowed in and area borrowed out.

Tiudzeiwo makakuriro akaita ndima yamakarima, minda isina kurimwa, makuriro estand, makuriro egadheni, makuriro emunda wamakapiwa nevamwe uye makuriro emunda wamakapa vamwe.

18. Ownership of Farm Implements and Machinery

19. Use of Hired labour LAST SEASON

20. Livestock Ownership and use of manure LAST SEASON

CODE FOR USES OF MANURE

1 = crops
2= horticulture
3= fish
4 = sold
5= none
6= other

21. Inputs purchased LAST SEASON

CODES FOR ENTERPRISES

22. Sources of Water for Economic Activities

CODES FOR SOURCES AND AVAILABILITY OF WATER

Number of sources: record the number given

Knowledge about and attitudes towards fish farming

23. Have you ever been involved in a discussion about fish farming?                    
    Mati mambonzwa kana kuita hurukuro here nezvekupfuya hove?                    
    1 = Yes 0 = No, Go to question 36

24. With whom did you discuss?                    
    Makazvinzwa kana kuita hurukuro nezvozvo nani?                    
    1 = Agritex officer    4 = friends who farm fish
    2 = friends who heard about it     5 = when working away
    3 = donor/NGO     6 = other, state                    

25. When did you hear about it?                    
    Makazvinzwa kana kuziva rini?                    
    1 = last 12 months       2 = 1 – 2 years ago
    4= 2 – 10 years ago       5= can't remember

26. Do you think you will start fish farming in the near future?

    Munotarisira kutanga kuchengeta hove munguva pfupi inotevera here?                    
    1 = Yes 0 = No

27. In order of importance, can you list what do you think are the three main benefits of fish farming?                    
    Tiudzei zvinhu zvitatu zvinobatsira pakuchengeta hove kutanga nechakakoshesa.
    1.                     2.                     3.                    

    1 = for household food
    2 = for sale     3 = because it is a new technology       4 = compatible with other on-farm activities
    5 = food and cash   6 = other, state                    

28. Where can baby fish to stock the pond be obtained from for the first time?                    
    Hove diki dzekurera mungadziwana kubva kupi?                    
    1 = Agritex       3 = rivers and streams
    2 = other farmers       4 = do not know
    5 = Other, state                    

29. What can fish be fed in the pond?                    
    Hove mungadzipa kudya kwakadii?                    

    1 = kitchen scraps	6 = vegetable scraps
    2 = rice bran	7 = maize bran
    3 = manure	8 = crushed grain
    4 = beer wastes	9 = manure
    5 = stockfeed	10 = nothing

    
    

30. In order of importance what are the two main reasons why you have decided not to farm fish?                    
    Tiudzei zvikonzero zviviri zvinoita kuti imi mutadze kuchengeta hove,
    kutanga nechakakoshesa? 1.                     2.                     3.                    

    1 = did not have enough land	11 = did not have sufficient water
    2 = takes too much time	12 = do not have access to draught power for pond construction
    3 = do not like fish	13 = did not think it profitable
    4 = do not need any more fish	14 = seems too difficult
    5 = have seen others fail	15 = local fish farmers have said it is difficult
    6 = difficult to get fingerlings	16 = not enough capital
    7 = problems with poaching	17 = can buy fish easily
    8 = extension advice not available	18 = other, state
    9 = get fish from fishing
    10 = otters

    
    

31. Do you or any resident members of your household catch fish?                    
    Ko pane vemhuri yenyu vanomboredza hove here?

    1 = Yes, Person No                    
    2 = No

32. Are there any fishing groups in your area?                    
    Pane mapoka anobata hove mudunhu rino here?
    1 = Yes, name them                     2 = No

33. What do you think about them?
    Chii chamunofunga/kana kuona nezvemapoka aya?

    1 = good idea
    2 = would like to join, but is difficult
    3 = benefitting from fish that belongs to all of us
    4 = other, state                    

Fish Consumption and Attitudes

34. Whom in the household eats fish?                    

    Ndiyani mumhuri yenyu anodya hove?

    1 = everbody	5 = no one, Go to question 27 & then 37
    2 = except old people	6 = other, state
    3 = adults only
    4 = household head only

35. Kune mamwe marudzi ehove asingadyiwi nevamwe vemhuri yenyu here?
         1 = Yes 2 = No
    Instruction: If Yes go to 36, otherwise go to Q37.

36. Imhando yipi yehove, chikwata chipi chevanhu vasingadyi uye chikonzero ndecheyi?

    FISH TYPE	PEOPLE	REASONS

    Codes For Reasons:

    1 = Do not like taste	4 = never tried
    2 = Do not like smell	5 = too expensive
    3 = Do not like bones	6 = do not know how to cook
    7 = No scales	8 = totem (taboo)

37. Fish consumption: (SEE TABLE)

    Sources:

    1 = Buy from catchers/farmers in village
    2 = Buy from neighbours/friends
    3 = Buy from catchers/farmers outside the village
    4 = Buy from stores
    5 = Buy from hawkers
    6 = Buy from supermarkets
    7 = Given by relatives/neighbours
    8 = Exchanged for labour
    9 = Bartered for goods/produce
    10 = Caught by household members
    11 = given by fish farmers
    12 = from household pond
    13 = other, state ...........
    Last eaten:
    1 = this week
    2 = last month
    3 = last 6 months
    4 = 6 – 12 months
    5 = over a year ago

    Frequency:
    1 = every day
    2 = 2–3 times a week
    3 = once a week
    4 = twice a month
    5 = once a month
    6 = few times a year
    7 = very rarely

    Preparation:

    1 = fried	3 = roasted
    2 = boiled	4 = other, specify

    
    

    	FISH	TYPE	SOURCE	LAST EATEN	USUAL FREQUENCY OF CONSUMPTN	HOW COOKED
    1		Fresh
    2		Fresh
    3		Fresh
    4		Fresh
    5		Fresh
    6		Fresh
    7		Fresh
    8		Fresh
    9		Fresh
    10		Fresh
    11		Fresh
    12		Fresh
    13		Fresh
    14		Fresh
    15		Fresh
    16		Fresh
    17		Fresh
    18		Fresh
    19		Fresh

38. Of the fish you eat, which are the ones your household likes best and why?
    Pahove dzamunodya, imhando dzipi nhatu dzamunodisisa kutanga nemhando yamunonyanyisa kufarira uye zvikonzero.

    FISH TYPE:	REASON 1	REASON 2	REASON 3

    
    

    1 = taste	6 = availability
    2 = easy to cook	7 = convenient to store
    3 = meaty	8 = small size
    4 = big size	9 = cost
    5 = few bones	10 = other, state…

39. Of the fish you eat, which are the ones your household does not like and why?
    Pahove dzamunodya, imhando dzipi nhatu dzamusingafariri kutanga nemhando yamunonyanyisa kusada uye zvikonzero.

    FISH TYPE:	REASON 1	REASON 2	REASON 3

    1 = Taste	7 = Too many bones
    2 = Availability	8 = Difficult to cook
    3 = Cost	9 = too small
    4 = too large	10 = appearance
    5 = not enough meat	11 = smell
    6 = don't know how to cook	12 = other, state

40. Of the following, which do you prefer? (Please circle)
    Pane zvinotevera, dai zvaiwanikwa ndechipi chamungada?

    1= Beef or	2= fish
    2= Goat meat or	2= fish
    3= Chicken or	2= fish
    4= Rabbits or	2= fish
    5= Pork or	2= fish
    6= Ducks or	2= fish
    7= Mice or	2= fish
    8= Tinned fish or	2= fresh fish
    9= Frozen fish or	2= fresh fish
    10= Dried kapenta or	2= other fish
    11= Fresh kapenta or	2= other fish

41. If you buy fish, under what circumstances do you prefer to buy it                    

    Munotenga hove panguva dzakadii uye zvaita sei?                    

    1= at the end of the month	3= for special occassion only
    2= no special time	4= when beef is not available
    	5= other, state

    
    

42. Where would you prefer to buy it?                    

    Kwamunofarira kutenga hove ndekupi?                    

    1= from hawkers	4= business centre
    2= from stores	5= supermarkets
    3= locally	6= co-operative
    7= other, specify

    
    

43. Why do you prefer that particular source?                    

    Sei muchifarira kutenga kubva kuvatengesi ivavo?                    

    1 = low prices	3 = near by
    2 = reliable supply	4 = other, specify

    
    

44. Where do you actually buy it?                    

    Ko kwemunonyanya kutenga ndekupi?                    

    1= from hawkers	4= business centre
    2= from stores	5= supermarkets
    3= locally	6= other, state

    Instruction: If Answer to Q42 is not the same as for Q44, ask Q45

45. Why do you buy where you do not prefer?                    

    Sei muchitenga kwamusingafarire?                    

    1 = distance	2 = supply
    2 = reliability

    
    

46. What prevents your household eating more fresh fish than it does now                    

    Sei mhuri yenyu isiri kudya hove dzakawanda kudarika dzamuri kudya ikozvino?                    

    1= not easily available
    2= do not know how to store fresh fish
    3= too expensive
    4= do not like it
    5= other, state                    

47. Are you eating more or less fish than you did five years ago?

    Mhuri yenyu iri kudya hove dzakawanda kana shoma pane dzamaidya makore mashanu apfuura?                    

    1= more

    2= less

    
    

48. What is the main reason you think this is so?

    Sei mava kudya hove dzehuwandu uhwu?                    

    1= short supply
    2= not allowed to fish anymore
    3= price of fish went down relative to other animal meat
    4= price of fish went up
    5= started farming fish
    6= only tried it recently
    7= other, state                    

49. Do you know of any people that are not allowed to eat fish?
    (eg. religious groups, pregnant women, children at night
    etc…) Please explain why.

Vanhu vapi vasingadyi hove? Tsanangurai.

PHASE II
FISH FARMERS: KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES SURVEY

A. Source of knowledge about fish farming

1. From whom did you first hear about fish farming?                    

   Ndiyani akakuzivisai/akatanga kukuudzai nezvekupfuya hove?                    

   1= Agritex officer	5= friends who heard about it
   2= friends who farm fish	6= other, state
   3= when working away
   4= donor/NGO

   
   

2. When did you first hear about fish farming?                    

   Makatanga kunzwa/kuziva nezvekupfuwa hove rini?                    

   1= last six months	2= 6–12 months ago	3= 1–2 years ago
   4= more than 2 years	5= can't remember	6= nobody

   
   

3. Before you decided to become a fish farmer, with whom did you discuss fish farming with?                    

   Musati mazvipira kupfuya hove, ndiyani wamakambokurukurirana naye?                    

   1= Agritex Officer	3= Spouse	5= another fish farmer
   2= Friends	4= Kinsmen	6= nobody
   		7= Other, state

   
   

4. What was the reason you decided to take up fish farming?                    
   Chikonzero chipi chakanyanya kuita kuti musarudze kupfuya hove?                    

   1= to obtain cash
   2= to obtain food
   3= because it was a new technology
   4= fits in well with other on-farm activities
   5= other, state                   

5. Number, size and age of fish ponds:

   POND	AREA	WHEN BUILT	METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION	DATE LAST STOCKED	SOURCE OF FINGER-LINGS	SPECIES	NUMBER OF COMPLETE HARVESTS
   1
   2
   3
   4
   5

   Source of Fingerlings:

   1= Agritex
   2= other farmers
   3= rivers
   4= other, state                   

B. Pond Construction

6. When you constructed your pond(s), which were the three most important factors affecting your decision to site them:                    

   Pakuchera kwamakaita pond dzenyu/yenyu, ndezvipi zvinhu zvitatu zvakaita kuti musarudze nzvimbo iyoyo?                   

   1= soil type	5= year round supply of water
   2= near the household fields	6= availability of land
   3= within the vegetable garden	7= land with a slope
   4= recommended by Agritex worker	8= other, specify

   
   

7. When you built your first pond, how many days did you think it would take to build?                    days

   Pamakatanga kuchera pond yenyu yekutanga, maifunga kuti zvaizotora nguva yakareba zvakadii?                    days

8. What kind and how much labour was used for pond construction:

   		POND1	POND 2	POND3	POND4	POND5
   FAMILY LABOUR	Quantity:days
   HIRED LABOUR	Quantity:days
   	Cost/day

   
   

9. If building your first pond took longer or shorter than you expected, why do you think this was?                    

   Kana nguva yamakapedza muchichera pond yekutanga yakasiyana nezvamaifungira, sei basa rakapera nenguva iyoyo?                    

   1= labour needed for other activities
   2= soil too hard
   3= draught power needed for other activities
   4= easier than thought
   5= Contracted work 6= other, specify                    

C. Knowledge on pond depths.

10. What are the minimum and maximum depths needed for a fish pond? Pond inokurudzirwa kunge yakadzika zvakadii?

    Maximum:                    
    Minimum:                    

    1= over head 2= up to neck 3= up to stomach 4= up to knees
    6= don't know

11. What are the minimum and maximum depths of your fish ponds: Pond dzenyu dzakadzika zvakadii?

    POND	MINIMUM	MAXIMUM
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5

    
    

12. What is the main reason why all or some of your ponds have not got the water depths that are needed?                    
    Sei pond dzenyu kana dzimwe dzacho dzakadzika vzakasiyana nezvinokurudzirwa?

    1= too shallow
    2= not enough water
    3= dug without the advice from extension workers
    4= leakage
    5= Started pond as water source
    6= other, state                    

D. Initial Stocking

13. Cost and availability of fingerlings

    	COST OF BABY FISH (cents)	PROBLEMS IN GETTING LATEST BABY FISH	PROBLEMS WITH THEM ONCE RECEIVED
    POND 1
    POND 2
    POND 3
    POND 4
    POND 5

    Difficulty in getting baby fish

    1= Agritex did not deliver for a long time
    2= Had to save money to buy them
    3= Had to wait for other farmers to give them
    4= None
    5= other, state                    

    Problems with baby fish

    1= all/many died	3= otters ate them	3= poachers
    2= no problems	4= other, state

    
    

14. Give me three most important problems you are facing now with your fish? Ndezvipi zvinhu zvitatu zviri kunyanya kukunetsai pakupfuya hove?

                                                                     

                                                                     

                                                                     

E. Feeding and Fertilizing

15. How often are the fish usually fed?                    

    Hove dzinowanzo puwa kudya kakawanda zvakadii?                    
    1= twice a day       3= once a day    5= few times a month
    2= 2–3 times a week   4= once a week    6= never

16. Who in the household decides to feed the fish?                    

    Ndiyani mumhuri anoti hove ngadzipiwe kudya?                    
    1= owner    2= spouse    3= others, state                    

17. Who in the household actually does the feeding?

    Ndiyani mumhuri anopa hove kudya?                    
    1= owner   2= spouse   3= children   4= others, state                   

18. In order of importance, what food are the fish given during: seasons:

    Ndeapi marudzi matatu ekudya (kutanga nerakakoshesa) anopiwa hove munguva yechirimo neye zhizha?

    Rainy Season:1.                     2.                     3.                    Dry Season:1.                     2.                    3.                    

    1= kitchen scraps	7=vegetable scraps
    2= beer wastes	8= rice bran
    3= maize bran	9= special purchased feeds
    4= crushed grain	10= inorganic fertilizer
    5= mill sweepings	11= nothing
    6= stockfeed	12= manure
    13= other, state

    
    

19. Do you ever use manure in your pond?                    

    Munomboshandisa mufudze kuisa mupond yenyu here?                    

    1= Yes, every day	6= No, because have no livestock
    2= Yes, 2–3 times/week	7= No, because cannot afford it
    3= Yes, once a week	8= No, pond does not need it
    4= Yes, few times/month	9= No, not good for fish
    5= Yes, rarely	10 = No, use all my manure for crops/vegetables
    11= No, other, state	12= don't know about it

    
    

20. If you do use manure, what types and what quantities are used

    Kana muchishandisa mufudze, munoshandisa rudzi rwupi, munopa hove kangani uye munopa wakawanda zvakadii panguva imwe chete?

    MANURE	FREQUENCY	QUANTITY

    1= cow   2= goat   3= chicken   4= rabbit   5= other                    

21. Who usually decides to put manure in the ponds?                    

    Ndiyani mumhuri anoti mufudze ngauiswe mupond?                    
    1= owner   2= spouse   3= others, state                    

22. Who actually puts the manure in the ponds?                    

    Ndiyani mumhuri yenyu anisa mufudze mupond?                    
    1= owner   2= spouse   3= others, state                    

23. Have you ever made compost for your fish ponds?                    

    Mati mambogadzira kombositi yehove dzenyu here?                    

    1= Yes	2= No, don't know how to make compost
    	3= No, lack of compost material
    	4= No, don't know

    
    

24. If yes, who usually makes it?

    Kana makambogadzira, ndiyani anowanzo gadzira kombositi?                    
    1= owner   2= spouse   3= children   4= others, state                    

F. Harvesting

25. When you first started fish farming, how much fish did/do you expect to harvest from one pond in one year?                     Buckets

    Pamakatanga zvekupfuya hove, maitarisira kuwana hove dzakawanda zvakadii mupond imwe chete pagore rose?                    

26. How large a pond do you think was needed to produce this fish?                    

    Kuti muwane hove dzakawanda kudaro, maifanira kuva nepond yakakura zvakadii?                    

    1= < 100 m2	2= 100–200m2	3= over 200 m2
    4= same size as my pond(s)		5= don't know

    
    

27. How much did fish did you get the last time you completely harvested a pond?                     Buckets

    Pamakapedzisira kubata hove dzose kubva mupond, makawana hove dzakawanda zvakadii?                    

    0= Have not yet harvested, GO TO QUESTION 40

28. What was the most common size of the fish you harvested?                    

    Pamakakohwa, hove zhinji dzaiva dzakakura zvakadii?                    
    1= little finger   2= middle finger   3= hand   4= up to elbow

29. How did you harvest the ponds?                   
    Makakohwa nenzira ipi?                    

    1= Agritex seine net
    2= drained the pond
    3= part drained and used Agritex seine net
    4= own seine net
    5= borrowed other farmers seine net
    6= other, state                    

30. Did you keep any baby fish to restock the pond?                    

    Makachengeta hove diki dzekurera here?                    
    1=Yes        0=No

31. Who usually makes the decision to take fish out of the pond?                    

    Ndiyani mumhuri anoti hove dzibatwe kubva mupond?                    

    1= pond owner	2= spouse	3= owner and spouse
    4= Agritex worker	5= other,state

    
    

32. Who usually harvests the pond?                    

    Ndiyani anowanzo bata hove kubva mupond?                    

    1= pond owner	2= spouse	3= owner and spouse
    4= Agritex worker	5= hired labourers	6= family labour

    
    

33. Does your household take some fish out of the pond occasionally?                    

    Mhuri yenyu inosibata hove shoma panedzimwe nguva here?                    

    1= Yes, for special occasions	0= No, GO TO QUESTION 46
    2= Yes, when relish is needed
    3= Yes, to sell
    4= Yes, state reason

    
    

34. If yes, how is this fish usually removed?                    

    Kana muchimbosibata hove shoma, munodzibata nenzira ipi?                    
    1= hook and line 2= scoops 3= baskets 4= other

35. Who usually does this?                    

    Ndiyani anowanzo kuita izvi?                    

    1= pond owner	2= owner's spouse	3= children
    4= other, state

    
    

36. Do other people ever come and pay to take fish out of your pond?                    

    Kune vanhu vedzimwe mhuri vamunopa mvumo yekubata hove vachikupayi mari?                    
    1= Yes, how much                     day       2= Yes, how much                        fish 3= No

G. Disposal (Selling)

37. Do you sell any of the fresh fish from your pond(s)?                    

    Munombotengesa hove muchangodzibata mupond here?                    
    1= Yes     2= No, go to question 56

38. The last time you sold fresh fish from your pond, how much did you sell?

    Pamakapedzisira kutengesa makatengesa dzakawanda zvakadii?                    
    Quantity                     Price                    

    Size                    
    1= little finger   2= middle finger   3= hand   4= up to elbow

39. Where did the transaction take place?                    

    Makatengesera panzvimbo ipi?                    

    1= at pond
    2= at homestead
    3= at business centre
    4= locally
    4= other, specify                    

40. Who are your main customers?                    

    Vanhu vapi vanowanzo tenga hove kubva kwamuri?                    
    1= friends/neighbours     3= hawkers
    2= other people in the area      4= others, state                    

41. What is the major reason for selling fish?                    

    Chikonzero chikuru chemunotengesera hove ndecheyi?                    

    1= when I have a surplus
    2= when harvest a few fish
    3= when I need money
    4= when somebody asks
    5= other, state                    

42. Is it difficult to sell fish?                    

    Kutengesa hove kunonetsa here?                    

    1= Yes, people do not like the fish I have
    2= Yes, difficult to inform people I will be harvesting
    3= Yes, people do not have money to buy
    4= Yes, when I have harvested too much
    5= No, a lot of people like fish
    6= No, people have money to buy fish
    7= No, when I have harvested too much
    8= Other, state                    

43. Do you sell any baby fish to other farmers?                    

    Munombotengesa hove diki dzekurera here?                    
    1= yes, $                   /fish     0= No

44. Do you ever give fish in exchange for labour or goods?

    Munombochinjanisa hove muchipiwa zvimwe zvinhu here?                    
    1= Yes       0= No, go to question                   

45. What do you usually exchange fish for?                    

    Munowanzo chinjanisa neyi?                    

    1= labour borrowed in for farming or fish farming
    2= vegetables	3= grains
    4= oilseeds	5= other, state

    
    

46. Do you process fish that comes from your pond?                    
    Munomboomesa hove dzemunobata here?                    

    1= yes, sun-dry	2= yes, smoke it
    3 other, state	4= No

    
    

47. Do you sell any of this fish?

    Munotengesa hove dzemunoomesa here?                    
    1= Yes         0= No, Go to question 58

48. If, yes, to whom do you sell it to?                    

    Kana muchitengesa, munowanzo tengesera vanhu vapi?                    

    1= friends/neighbours
    2= hawkers
    3= other people in the area
    4= others, state                    

49. What is the price and usual size

    Munotengesa nemarii uye zera rakadii?                     Z$
                       Size
    1= little finger      2= middle finger     3= hand      4= up to elbow

H. Attitudes

50. In order of importance, list two operations in fish farming you think are the most difficult?                    

    Tipeiwo mabasa maviri emunoona kuti akaoma pakupfuya hove kutanga nerakanyanyisa kuoma_1.                     2.                    

    1= digging the pond	4= getting the fingerlings
    2= feeding the fish	5= harvesting
    3= keeping poachers away	6= keeping birds and animals away
    	7= other, state

    
    

51. If you need advice about aspects of farming fish, who do you talk to? Kana muchida kuwana ruzivo nezvemabasa ekupfuya hove anotevera, mungaruwana kubva kupi?                    

    Pegging	Pond construction	Pond Management	Harvesting

    
    

    1= Agritex officer	2= other fish farmers
    3= no one, as difficult to get advice	4= other, state

    
    

52. In order of importance, can you list what you think are the two main benefits of fish farming:                    
    Kupfuya hove kwakanikira chii? 1.                     2.                    

    1= provides food
    2= provides cash
    3= compatible with other on-farm activities
    4= easy
    5= do not need to buy relish
    5= other, state                   

53. In order of importance, can you list what you think are the two main disadvantages of fish farming?                    
    Kupfuya hove kwakashata pakudii? 1.                     2.                    

    1= none	5= difficult
    2= poachers	6= others
    3= time consuming	7= lack of knowledge
    4= lack of extension	8= other, state

    
    

54. If you want to have more fish, what do you think is better:                    
    Kana muchida kuwana hove dzakawanda ndezvipi zvirinane?                    

    1= To try to increase the production of one pond
    1= kuwendzera huwandu hwehove mupond imwe

    2= To dig another pond
    2= kuchera imwe pond

55. Why is the main reason for this?                    

    Sei muchifunga kudaro?                    

    1= very difficult to increase production
    2= easier to dig another pond
    3= better to have more ponds
    4= better to improve production in one pond
    5= digging another pond is costly
    6= other, state                    

56. Is there an easier way of getting relish than fish farming?

    Pane nzira iri nyore kuwana usavi/muriwo kudarika kupfuya hove here?                    
    1= Yes, state                          0= No

57. Is there an easier way of getting money than selling fish from your pond, which you think you could do?
    Pane nzira iri nyore kuwana mari kudarika kutengesa hove dzinobatwa mupond yenyu here?                    
    1= Yes, state                          0= No

58. If you did not have fish ponds, what would you use the land for? Dai musina kuchera pond, nzvimbo iyoyo mungadai muchiishandisa sei?

    POND 1
    POND 2
    POND 3
    POND 4
    POND 5

    1= nothing, not suitable for crops
    2= buildings
    3= shallow well
    4= garden
    5= rice fie
    6= other, state                    

MARKETING QUESTIONNAIRE
CONSUMER PREFERENCES AND OPINIONS

Date                     Area                     Respondent number                    

TABLE 1.

TABLE 2

14. Under what circumstances do you buy fish?                    

    1= end of month	2 = for special occasions
    3= no special time	4 = when beef is not available
    5= other (state)

15. Where would you prefer to buy it?                    

    1 = from hawkers	2 = supermarkets
    3 = butchery	4 = other, state

16. How do you store any excess?                    

    1 = refrigerator	2 = sun dry
    3 = smoke dry	4 = buy enough for a meal
    5 = keep excess in drawers

17. Are you eating more or less fish than five years ago?                    

    1= more

    2 = less

18. What is the main reason you think this is so?                    

    1= short supply	2 = not fishing anymore
    2= price	4 = more available on market
    5= other, state

KEY INFORMANT GUIDELINES (DRAFT)

1. Attributes of Fish Farming: How do people see fish farming?

   Degree of relative advantage
   Degree of compatibility
   Access to extension

2. Attitudes towards fish farmers: What do people think about them?

3. Attitudes towards Fish Farm Association: Murehwa

   Advantages and disadvantages for members
   Perceptions of the Association by non-members
   Reasons for some fish farmers not being members

4. Community attitudes towards fishing groups

5. Fish Consumption

   Taboos
   Demand and preferences
   Supply
   Marketing structures

STUDY GUIDELINES FOR FISHING GROUPS

NAME OF GROUP:

Group Membership

1. When fishing group formed?

2. What is respondents role within the group?

3. Length of membership?

4. Total active and non-active members in the group.

5. Factors that contributed to how the group to came together, and kind of people allowed to join, including male/female ratio and reasons for this. eg. friends, family links, church group etc. Problems that had to be overcome.

6. Membership fees and when paid, who and where keeps and uses of the money.

7. Decision making within the group, what and how different tasks are allocated.

8. Who, within the group, is responsible for keeping accounts, how is the groups money kept and how is it decided how it is dispersed, with someone etc.

9. New members: are they allowed, who are they usually, and what contributions do they make? How many have joined. Expect more members.

10. Members have left the group, the main reasons and are they fishing in anew group or on their own. Expect more to leave.

Activities

11. Dams the group is licensed to fish in. Ease of getting permits to fish.

12. Groups methods of getting to the dam, how do they decide which dams to fish in, do they fish in rivers or other places.

13. Ownership of equipment: boats and nets. Ease of getting this equipment and where they get it. How the money was raised to buy equipment and how they get money to replace damaged nets etc.

14. Frequency of fishing, times of the year do you go fishing, time of the dat, and who within the group that does this including when the group last went fishing.

15. Species caught, and preferences.

16. Expectations: is the group catching as much as they thought, has it got more or less since they began, have they improved their skills.

Disposal of fish

17. Form the fish sold and why? eg. fresh but cleaned and gutted, smoked, dried

18. Members which are responsible for selling fish and why.

19. Methods of division of catch and/or revenues from catch between members.

20. Average portion of the catch sold and kept.

21. Main selling points, usual customers and preferred selling points.any difficulties in selling fish or storing fish. Average prices received, any seasonality in price.

Advantages and Disadvantages

22. Main advantages of the group from an individual member's point of view and for the group as a whole.

23. Main disadvantages of the group from an individual member's point of view and for the group as a whole.

24. Important problems that think have to be resolved and how.

25. Future prospects for the group.

Community Views

26. What you think other people in the community who are not members of the group view it.

27. How will other people fishing from the shore with hook and line etc. affect your group's activities.

Other fishing

28. Do members also catch fish with hook and line. How many, did they do this before they were members of the fishing group. [Interview as many with Questionnaire 4).

QUESTIONNAIRE FOR FISHERFOLK

1. Where do you catch fish?

   dam, name                                        
   river, name                                        
   other, name                                        

2. What kind of gear are you using?                                        

   1= gill net	2= rod, reel and line	3= hook and line
   4= basket trap	5= seine net	6= other, state

   
   

3. Where do you obtain this fishing equipment?

   1= make myself
   2= buy in local shop
   3= buy in main town
   4= other, state                                        

4. Are there any problems with availability of equipment?

   0= easily available
   1= have to travel far to buy it
   2= not often available locally
   3= other, state                                        

5. Where/from who did you learn to fish?                                        

   1= from other family members	4= watching other people
   2= Agritex Officer	5= taught myself
   3= other

   
   

6. When during the year do you go fishing and which are the good and bad seasons:

   1= January	7= July	Good
   2= February	8= August
   3= March	9= September	Bad
   4= April	10= October
   5= May	11= November
   6= June	12= December

   
   

7. What time of the day do you normally set your gear or start fishing?                                        

   1= early morning	3= late afternoon	6= no specific time
   2= mid morning	4= evening
   3= nearly afternoon	5= nightime

   
   

8. How many hours do you usually fish for?                                        

9. How often do you fish?                                        

   1= every day	2= few times a week	3= once a week
   5= once a month	6= few times a year

   
   

10. How many years have you been catching fish?                    yrs

11. When did you last go fishing?                                        

    1= up to one month ago	4= 6 – 12 months ago
    2= 1– 3 months ago	5= over a year ago
    3= 3– 6 months ago

    
    

12. List in order of importance, what are the main species you catch?                                        

    1= magwaya	2= maramba	3= mhumbu	4= bass
    5= muromopoto	6= magahara	7= other

    
    

13. Do you process the fish you catch         0= No

    1= smoke
    2= dry
    3= other                                       

14. Where do you process this fish?                                        

    1= at the dam site
    2= at the homestead
    3= other, state                    

15. How much of your average catch do you usually (please circle):

    Keep for eating	all	75%	50%	25%	<25% none
    Give away	all	75%	50%	25%	<25% none
    Barter	all	75%	50%	25%	<25% none
    Sell	all	75%	50%	25%	<25% none

    
    

16. Is there a fishing group in your area?                                        
    1= Yes, name                            2= No

17. Are you a member of this fishing group?                                        

    1= Yes
    2= Used to be, but no longer, why?                                        
    3= no, why?                                        

18. What do you think about the group?                    

    1= cannot see any benefits	3= take all the fish
    2= gives me more fish	4= gives me more money
    	5= other, state

    
    

19. Is it difficult to get a permit to fish?                    

    1= Yes         0= No

20. Do you have one?                     1= Yes 0= No

21. How many other people are there fishing who are not using nets in the places you fish?                                        

22. How many other people are there fishing using nets without a licence?