| Title: | Programme of Prevention and Control of Water Pollution for the protection of Living Coastal Resources | ||
| Number: | DP 9/3 THA/75/013 | Duration: Three Years | |
| Sector: | Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (05) Sub-sector: Fisheries (0530) | ||
| Government Co-operating Agency: | Department of Fisheries, Ministry of | ||
| Agriculture and Co-operatives | |||
| Executing Agency: | The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) | ||
| Date of submission: April 1976 | Starting date: 1 January 1977 | ||
| Government contribution: Baht 4 744 000 | Donor contribution: US$900 000 | ||
I. Background
1. Water pollution in coastal areas is one of the most serious and visible of Thailand's current pollution problems. This factor is extremely critical in the coastal areas, as Thailand has about 2 500 kilometers of coastline bordering the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean.
2. Some 10 000 hectares of coastal tidal and estuarine areas in Thailand have now been developed into ponds for the raising mainly of the highly valued shrimp (Penaeidae) species as well as some finfish. These areas produce about 3 500 to 5 000 tons of fishery products valued at Baht 180 to 250 million (US$9 to 12.5 M). The country abounds with large areas of mangrove swamps, tidal flats and estuaries that are still available and suitable for development for this profitable industry, estimated at not less than 150 000 hectares.
3. The sources of pollution are varied; a national summary was presented by the Committee on Environmental Quality Control of Thailand in 1972. It is reported that the most polluted area is along the Chao Phraya River; from its mouth through the Bangkok region and further upstream. Along the downstream part of the Chao Phraya River, industrial wastes are usually discharged from metallurgic, plastic, leather and food processing factories, directly into the natural waters and often mixed with domestic sewage water (with no treatment facilities). Several heavy polluting sugar, capioca and fish meal industries situated along Chon Buri province and around the Bangkok region discharge their wastes directly into the sea. As a result, in the coastal area and along the inner part of the Gulf of Thailand pollution is clearly visible. Oil pollution is local and mainly restricted to the inner part of the Gulf of Thailand where there are two refineries; wastes from oil-based industries such as plastic factories also play a role in polluting the water around Bangkok area.
4. Sea mussel harvest in 1971 was 214 593 kg., in 1974 this catch was reduced to 13 044 kg. This decline was due to lack of seed and low growth rates directly related to water quality i.e. pollution. Over 50 percent of the shrimp farmers indicate that pollution is a serious problem with shrimp seed production.
II The Project
5. This project is included in the UNDP/FAO Country Programme for Thailand and is referred to page 2 of the programme. This project has high priority in the Government's Fourth Five-Year Plan and will be incorporated in the Government request for external assistance for 1977–1981.
6. This project is interdisciplinary in nature and must be a cooperative activity of all government and funding agencies that are related to the environment future of Thailand. It provides a unique challenge to combine the efforts of UNDP/FAO, CIDA/NIFI, USMO, Department of Fisheries, National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB), Institute of Environmental Research (Chulalongkorn University), National Research Council (NRC), Sanitary Engineering Division, Ministry of Industry and all other agencies to assist this project so that the initial step can be taken to insure a solid foundation for the future over all environmental study project.
The immediate objectives of the project are as follows:
To utilize available analytical equipment to initiate the pollution monitoring as soon as possible.
To establish representative sampling stations to give a valid profile of pollution as it exists at the present time, and indicate where the coastal environment is unpolluted and should remain so.
To continue training programmes for specialists in the pollution field.
To further delineate the preservation, conservation and development zone for future control.
To ensure that the project is organized so that it will fit the overall national environmental programme as an integrated part. In addition, the project will set an example as a model for related projects.
To establish a programme for pollution research and abatement in close cooperation with all government agencies.
III Financial Data
A. Contributions requested from donor
| Total | ||
| m/m | US$ | |
| PERSONNEL | ||
| Experts | ||
| Fishery Biologist, Project | 36 | $108 000 |
| Fishery Biologist | 36 | 108 000 |
| Chemist | 36 | 108 000 |
| Chemist | 36 | 108 000 |
| Consultants | 14 | 42 000 |
| Component total | 158 | $474 000 |
| TRAINING | ||
| Fellowships | ||
| Two (2) advance study fellowships, one for three years and one for two years | $ 66 000 | |
| Four in-service training fellowships of 6 months each | 15 000 | |
| Component total | $ 81 000 | |
| FURNITURE & EQUIPMENT | ||
| Expendable | $ 75 000 | |
| Non-expendable | 200 000 | |
| Component total | $275 000 | |
| MISCELLANEOUS | ||
| For operation and maintenance of equipment, reporting costs and sundries | $ 70 000 | |
| Component total | $ 70 000 | |
| GRAND TOTAL | $900 000 | |
B. Proposed Government counterpart contribution
| Total | ||
| m/m | Baht | |
| PERSONNEL | ||
| One Fishery Biologist (co-leader) (Aquatic Pollution) | 36Bht | 126 000 |
| Two Assistant Fishery Biologists | 72 | 216 000 |
| One Chemist | 36 | 126 000 |
| One Assistant Chemist | 36 | 108 000 |
| Administrative support and general service personnel; three secretaries each 1 200 Bhat/m (One to act concurrently as administrative clerk) | 108 | 129 000 |
| Three drivers | 108 | 129 000 |
| Component total | 396 Bht | 834 000 |
| TRAINING | ||
| Local training for national workers | ||
| on aquatic pollution (6 weeks duration | ||
| with 10 participants each) | Bht | 60 000 |
| Component total | Bht | 60 000 |
| FURNITURE & EQUIPMENT | ||
| (To provide adequate facilities and space in CIDA/NIFI and Department of Fisheries at new research facility at Kasetsart University Bangkhen; and for purchase of locally produced expendable and non-expendable equipment) | Bht | 3 000 000 |
| Component total | Bht | 3 000 000 |
| MISCELLANEOUS | ||
| To defray operational expenses and contingencies | Bht | 850 000 |
| Component total | Bht | 850 000 |
| GRAND TOTAL | Bht | 4 744 000 |
