APPENDIX 1
QUESTIONNAIRE:

CASE STUDY OF COMMERCIAL FISH CAGE NET CULTURE IN PENANG (1985)

TECHNICAL

13. Where do you get your fish fingerlings?

14. What are the purchased size of the fingerlings?

15. In your opinion what size is the best? Why?

16. What are the present prices (ex-farm) of the fingerlings?

17. Do the prices fluctuate very often? Are they quite stable over a time frame of 3 years (1982–1984)?

18. Is there any difficulty in getting sufficient fingerlings and on schedule?

19. Do you have any plans to secure the supply of the fingerlings? (Eg. nursing of 2 cm. fries). If yes, please specify.

20. Have you attempted nursing in ponds, tank or in floating cages? Yes/No

If yes, please elaborate.

If no, do you know of anyone attempting or has succeeded in doing so? Please elaborate.

22. Of the above, which one of the causes is most problematic?

23. What are the precautionary measures taken to reduce or alleviate it?

24. How often do you grade your fish?

25. What measures do you take to ensure even marketable sizes of fish?

26. What are the factors that contribute to high survival rate?

1. Species?
2. Size?
3. Sources (local or imported)?
4. Condition of the fingerlings?
5. Disease prevention?
6. Water quality (specify)?
7. Handling techniques?
8. Seasonality of supply?

27. What are the diseases experienced? What measures are taken to a) prevent and b) control disease outbreak?

29. What is the stocking density by cages species and size? Do you attempt multi species culture?

30. Is there any factor/s affecting the growth rate?

1. frequency and rate of feeding?
2. type of feed?
3. water quality?
4. cage cleanliness?
5. stocking density?

Have you ever attempted the use of growth hormone?

31. What is the type of fish feed used?

32. What is the frequency and the amount of feed used in relation to cage of the fish type/percent body weight?

33. Besides trash fish, do you attempt to use other feed?

34. What is the result obtained?

35. What is the price of trash fish?

36. How do you obtain the trash fish?

37. Do you encounter times of insufficient trash fish supply? How frequent is it? What alternative feed is used? What is the price of alternative feed?

38. How do you preserve the trash fish in times of limited supply?

MARKETING

1. How do you sell your fish?

1. through agent/middlemen?
2. directly to the market?

2. Where the outlet for your fish sold live? (Percentage by town/cities)

3. What is the price and preferred marketing size range of the fish by species

4. What is the mode of transport of the live fish?

5. What is the method to ensure a high survival rate in transport?

6. Besides live fish sale, are there alternative types of sales you have practised? What are they?

7. Do you encounter complaint from the consumer that the cultured fish is not as good as wild fish due to the taste differences?

8. Do you have any marketing problems? If Yes, What are they and what are the methods in preventing or overcoming them?

TRAINING

1. How many years experience do you have in cage culture?

2. Do you have any prior knowledge or experience before you start operation? If yes, how did you acquire them?

3. Have you attended any training in cage culture? If yes, what type of training is it?

4. Do you obtain any technical aid or advice from any government institution eg. Fisheries Department or LKIM?

MANAGEMENT

1. When do you start cage culture operation?

2. How many hours does each one spend on the cage culture per day?

3. What other job do you do?

4. What are the incentives or disincentives to ensure equitable contribution/participation of the owners?

5. What are the duties specified to your workers?

6. What duties are handled only by you and/or your partners?

7. How do you make management decisions without/with the consensus of your partners?

8. What records do you keep?

1. fish fingerling (purchased) record?
2. fish stock in cages record?
3. input/output of stock?
4. sales and purchases?
5. equipment records?
6. expenses records?
7. others (specify)?

9. How often do you conduct physical stock take of your fish?

10. What is the arrangement to ensure security of your fish especially at night?

1. dog on petrol
2. lighting at night
3. night guard
4. others (specify)

11. How is the night guard shift arranged?

12. What incentives (e.g. bonus) or disincentives do you give to your worker?

13. What qualities do you look for in selecting your worker?

14. Do you have any management problems or difficulties in fish cage culture since operation commenced and how do you prevent or overcome them? (Please elaborate)

1. Lack of skilled manpower
2. Lack of knowledge
3. Loss/damage of cage and equipment
4. Poaching of fish
5. Lack of fingerling
6. High cost of fingerling
7. High cost of overall operation
8. Low survival rate
9. Others (specify)?

Are these problems still existing?

FINANCIAL ANALYSIS

2. What is the economic life of the followings?

3. Cost of working platform?

4. What is the maintenance cost per month of one cage platform? M$           

5. Number of cages : grouper ................ sea bass ............... snapper ..............

Number of fish fingerlings in a cage ......................

Total number fishes .............................

Total cost of fish fingerlings M$........................

6. Average total cost of feed

Average total weight of trash fish per month M$..............................

7. Labour cost: Number of labourers .............................× M$................... /month = M$...................

Number of night guard ............ × M$ ........................... /month = M$..........................

8. Total miscellaneous cost for fuel, ice etc M$...................../month M$......................./year

9. How often is dividend issued to you or your partners from your investment.

10. Do you allow a 'establishing period' at the start of the culture before you and your partner begin to collect dividend?

11. Where are the sources of your funds?

12. Do you obtain any subsidy or other aids from the government agencies? If yes, please specify?

13. What was the sales in 1984 by number of fishes?

14. What was the number of cages by species of fish in Jan. 1 1984?

15. What was the number of fingerlings purchased by species in 1984?

16. What was the number of fish by species at 31 December, 1984 according to your book?