Na susu ika e dua na gaunisala vinaka ni rawa i lavo ka ra na solia vei kemuni kei ira na lewe ni nomuni koro na kakana ka dau bulia na yago ka vakatokai e na vosa vakavalagi na ‘protein’.

E na rawa ki na tamata yadua, dua na mataqali, dua na koro se dua na koronivuli me dua na nona tobu ka susu ika. Na Tabacakacaka ni Qoli ni Matanitu (Fisheries Department) e na rawa ni vukei iko me na raica e dua na vanua vinaka me keli kina e dua na nomu tobu ka na vakavulici iko e na susu ika.

E sega ni levu sara na i lavo e na vakayagataki e na nomu i tauyavu ni susu ika. Ni e na gauna 'o na qoliva kina na nomu tobu e na i matai ni gauna, 'o sa na rawa ni volitaka na ika ka rawata e levu sara na i lavo mai na kena 'o a vakayagataka e na nomu i tauyavu.

E levu na cakacaka e na vakayacori e na kena keli na tobu ni ika, ia, ni sa caka oti oqo, sa na sega ni levu sara na cakacaka e na kena sa susugi tiko na ika. Sa na dodonu mo na voli kakana ni ika ka vakania vakarua e na dua na siga. E sega ni isau levu na kakana ka cakacaka rawarawa na nodra vakani tiko na ika. E na rawa me da vakaitavi taucoko, turaga, marama kei ira na gone e na susugi ni ika. E na rawa me da na veivuke taucoko e na vakana ika kei na kena qolivi.

Ni oti e 6 na vula, sa ra na lelevu na ika, 'o sa na qai vakasalataka ki tuba na wai mai na tobu ka qolivi ira kece na ika. E na dua na tobu e rawa me na tiko kina e 200 ki na 800 na ika (vakatau ki na levu ni tobu), sa na qai levu tu vei iko na ika me laukana ka volitaki. E na rawa mo na volitaka kece na ika e na koro se ki vei ira 'o ni veivolekati, e ra sa na sega kina 'o ira, era dau volia na ivoli ka volitaka tale (middleman) se me na gadrevi e dua na lori me veikau ki tauni.

Na susu ika e rawa ni dua na bisinisi vinaka. E dua na kena i vakaraitaki, e dua na turaga dau susu ika mai Namosi e a rawata e 80 na kilo na ika e na loma ni 6 na vula mai na dua na tobu. E a vakayagataka e $70 e na kakana ni ika ka a volitaka na ika e na i lavo e na $250. E rairai sega beka ni rawa mo na vaka sara oya, ia kevaka 'o na qaravi ira vakavinaka na nomu ika, e sa na rawa mada ga ni 'o na vukei iko kei ira na nomu lewe ni koro mai na ika 'o susuga kei na ilavo o' rawata mai kina.

Kevaka 'o taleitaka mo sa na susu ika, wilika na imatai ni ono na drau ni ivola oqo, raica e dua na vanua vinaka me keli kina na tobu ka veitaratara kei iratou na Tabana ni Qoli, ka voleka ki na vanua 'o vakaitiko kina se qiri vei iratou mai Naduruloulou e na naba ni talevoni na 47781. KAKUA NI 'O TAUYAVUTAKA E DUA NA CAKACAKA ME YACOVA NI DRAU SA NA MAI VEITALANOA VATA KEI NA DUA NA VAKAILESILESI MAI NA TABANA NI QOLI.

NA MATAQALI IKA CAVA E SUSUGI

Na ika vinaka duadua me susugi na maleya (mai na so tale na yasa i vuravura era vakatoka me ‘tilapia’). Na kena mataqali ka susugi e na tobu e ra via tautauvata kei na kena ka ra dau kunei tu e na noda vei uciuwai e Viti, ia e via rarama toka na kena irairai ka ra tubu totolo talega. Na ika na maleya e kau mai na vanua 'o Aferika.

Na maleya e ika vinaka duadua me susugi baleta ni ika kana vinaka, totolo na nodra tubu, ka rawarawa na kena qaravi. E ra dau kania na ‘wheat pollard’ kei na so tale na mataqali kakana. E dodonu me dau vakalailai ga na ivakarau ni kedra kakana e na nodra kana vakayarua e na vei siga baleta ni ra kete lalai. E ra na tubu me'ra lelevu na ika (rauta ni 5 dua na kilokaramu) e na loma ni ono na vula kevaka era kana vakavinaka. Ni oti e ono na vula era sa na matua ka ra sa na qai tubu vakamalua. 'O koya gona, e dodonu kina mo na qolivi ira kece sara na ika ka qai tekivu tale.

Na Tabana ni Qoli e na rawa me solia vei iko na luve ni ika lalai me na tekivuna na nomu tobu ko na sega ni sauma. E dodonu me sa na caka oti tu na nomu tobu ka dodonu mo sa na volia oti tale tu ga na kedra kakana ni se bera ni na qai soli vei iko edua na luve ni ika. E muri, e sa na qai rawa mo na maroroya e so na luve ni ika ena gauna 'o sa na qoliva kina na nomu tobu me na biu lesu tale mo na tekivu tale kina.

E NA VAKACAVA TU BEKA NA I RAIRAI NI DUA NA TOBU?

Na tobu vinaka e na dau keli e na vanua vakatautauvata voleka ki na dua na wai drodro. Na wai e na qai vakasalataki mai na wai drodro ki na loma ni tobu e na dua na i keli lailai, paipo se bitu (‘inlet’). E na gauna 'o sa na via na tobu, na wai e vakadrodroi tiko ki na loma ni tobu me na sogo laivi. E na gauna 'o sa na via qoliva kina na ika 'o na vakadrodroya tani kece na wai mai na loma ni tobu.

Raising fish is a good way to earn money and to provide body building food (protein) for you and your village.

An individual, a mataqali, a village or a school can own a pond and raise fish. The Fisheries Department will help you look for a good place to dig a pond and will teach you how to raise fish.

It does not take much money to start raising fish. When you harvest your pond for the first time, you should be able to sell the fish for more money than you spent to start the pond.

NA SUSU IKA E DUA NA SALA NI RAWA I LAVO VINAKA. KEVAKA 'O VAKAYAGATAKA E $50 E NA KEDRA KAKANA, E NA RAWA NI 'O NA RAWATA E $200 MAI NA VOLITAKI NI IKA. E SEGA TALEGA NI LEVU NA I LAVO 'O GADREVA MO NA TAUYAVU KINA.

RAISING FISH IS A GOOD WAY TO EARN MONEY. IF YOU SPEND $50 ON FEED, YOU CAN RAISE $200 OF FISH. IT DOES NOT COST MUCH MONEY TO START, EITHER.

It takes some hard work to dig a fish pond, but after this is done, little work is needed to raise fish. You must buy feed and give some to the fish twice each day. But the feed is not expensive and feeding the fish is an easy job. Men, women and children can all help to raise the fish. Everyone can help feed the fish and catch the fish when they are harvested.

After six months, the fish are mature, so you drain the pond and catch all of the fish. One pond can hold 200 to 800 fish (depending upon the size of the pond), so you will have plenty of fish to eat and sell. You can sell all your fish at your village or nearby, so no middleman or transport to town is needed.

Raising fish is a very good business. For example, a farmer in Namosi raised over 80 kilograms of fish in one pond in 6 months. He spent $70 on feed and sold the fish for $250. You may not be able to do quite this well, but if you take good care of your fish, you should be able to help yourself and your village with the fish you raise and the money you earn.

If you are interested in raising fish, read the first six pages of this book, look for a good place to dig a pond, and contact the Fisheries Department office in your area or call Naduruloulou at ph: 47781. DO NOT START ANY WORK UNTIL SOMEONE FROM THE FISHERIES DEPARTMENT MEETS WITH YOU.

WHAT TYPE OF FISH IS RAISED?

The best type of fish to raise is Maleya (in other countries it is called Tilapia). The type raised in the fish ponds is similar to the type found in the rivers of Fiji, but it is lighter coloured and faster growing. Maleya originally came from Africa.

Maleya are the best type of fish to raise because they taste good, grow quickly, and are easy to take care of. They eat wheat pollard and other feeds. They must eat a small amount of feed twice each day because they have small stomaches. The fish will reach a good size (5 fish in one kilogram) in six months if they eat well. After six months they are mature and grow very slowly. Therefore, you must harvest all the fish then start over.

The Fisheries Department may be able to give you the young fish to start your pond for no cost. Your pond must be ready and you must buy feed before you can get any fish. Later, you will be able to save some young fish when you harvest to put back in your pond to restart.

WHAT DOES A GOOD POND LOOK LIKE?

A good fish pond is dug in a flat area near running water. Water is brought from a small stream or spring by an inlet (a ditch, pipe or bamboo) to the pond. Once the pond is full, the water flowing into the pond is shut off. When you want to harvest the fish, you drain all the water out of the pond.

NA TOBU E DODONU ME KELI E NA VANUA VAKATAUTAUVATA KA VOLEKA KI NA DUA NA WAI DRODRO. KAKUA NI KELIA NA TOBU E NA VANUA KA DRODRO TIKO KINA WAI E RA NA RAWA NI DRO NA IKA E NA DUA NA TAU BI NI UCA. E NA DODONU TALEGA ME NA DAU VAKADRODROI LAIVI NA WAI NI TOBU.

A POND SHOULD BE DUG IN A FLAT AREA NEAR RUNNING WATER. DO NOT DIG IN THE PATH OF A STREAM OR ALL THE FISH WILL ESCAPE WHEN THERE IS HEAVY RAIN. YOU MUST BE ABLE TO DRAIN THE POND ALSO.

Na tobu ni ika e na sega ni rawa ni keli e na loma ni du na uciwai. Kevaka e vaka kina, e ra na lako tani kece na ika ke na tau e dua na uca levu. E na sega ni rawa talega ni ko na vakadrodroya tani na wai ke drodro tiko ga yani ki na tobu na Wai.

Na loma ni tobu e dodonu me veimama ki na loma ni qele ka veimama mai na dela ni qele. Na qele ka a keli mai na loma ni tobu me vakayagataki me bai se lalaga wavoki ni tobu.

A fish pond cannot be dug in the path of a stream. If it is, the fish will escape when there is heavy rain. Also, you cannot dry out a pond if a stream is always flowing into it.

A pond is half underground and half above ground level. The soil that is dug out from the bottom is used to make walls around the pond.

NA BAI NI TOBU E DODONU ME TAUTAUVATA VAKAVINAKA NA KEDRA CERE, NA BOTONA ME SAVU SOBU VAKAMALUA KI NA VANUA E NA VAKADRODROI KINA NA WAI.NA TITOBU NI WAI E DODONU ME 3 NA FITI. NA I VAKARAU NI DUA NA TOBU E DODONU ME RAUTA NI 15 NA MITA NA KENA RABA KA 15 NA MITA NA KENA BALAVU.

A POND HAS LEVEL WALLS, AND THE BOTTOM SLOPES DOWN TO THE DRAIN. THE WATER SHOULD BE 3 FEET DEEP. A POND SHOULD BE ABOUT 15 METRES WIDE AND 15 METRES LONG.

Na lalaga ni tobu e dodonu me ratou tautauvata na kedratou cere me 'ratou rawa kina taqomaka na wai. Na boto ni tobu e dodonu me savu malumu sobu ki na sala ni wai ki tuba, me rawa ni vakadrodroi kece tani kina ki tuba na wai mai loma ni tobu. Na cere mai ni wai e dodonu me yaco i tolo (3 na fiti), okoya, e dodonu kina me na titobu vakalailai na tobu.

NA VANUA ME KELI KINA NA TOBU

Na Tabana ni Qoli e na vukei iko e na kena raici e dua na vanua vinaka me na keli kina na tobu ni ika. KAKUA NI TEKIVU KELIKELI ME YACOVA NI RATOU SA RAICA NA VANUA KA VAKASALATAKI IKO, de na qai maumau na nomu buno.

Na keli ni dua na tobu ni ika, e na vinakati kina e dua na vanua buca ka rabailevu. E dodonu me na rauta ni 15 na mita na kena balavu ka 15 na mita na kena raba (rauta ni dua na ‘chain’ vakarivirivi). Na vanua oqo e sega ni vinakati me na rauta ga e dua na tobu. E na vinaka cake me vanua rabailevu me na rawa ni keli tale kina eso na tobu.

E dodonu me voleka tiko e keya e dua na wai drodro me na rawa ni vakayagataki me tawana na tobu. E na vinaka sara ke toka na wai drodro se na vure e na dua na vanua ka cere mai na vanua e na keli kina na tobu. Na wai e na qai rawa ni vakadrodroi ki na tobu e na waisa lalai, bitu se na dua na paipo. Na wai ni paipo e na rawa talega ni vakayagataki me tawa kina na tobu, ia e sa rui i sau levu ni voli e dua na pamu ni wai.

Na wai mai na na tobu e dodonu me na dau vakadrodroi laivi ka me mamaca sara na tobu e na vei vula ono, me na rawa ni mamaca kina na nomu na kelia na tobu.

Na tobu e dodonu me voleka toka ga e na nomu vale me na rawarawana nomu vakani ira na ika ka na sega talega kina ni rawa me butakoci na ika mai vei ira e so tale na tamata.

Na tobu e sega ni dodonu me voleka sara ki na dua na uciwai de na rawa ni luvuca. Kevaka e na vuabale na wai mai na tobu se ualuvu era sa na dro tani mai na ika. Na qele voleka ki uciwai e dau levu kina na nuku kei na qereqere. Na wai e na rawa me na cila tani ki tuba e na mataqali qele vaka oqo.

NA IVAKARAU NI KENA KELI NA TOBU

E na rawa mo kelia dua na tobu mai na misini ni kelikeli se me ra kelia ga na tamata. E dodonu mo na muria na vei idusidusi oqo veitalia ga se'o kelia e na cava na tobu. Kevaka o'na vakayagataka na misini ni kelikeli, na katavila (na ‘bulldozer’) e na totolo sara mai na misini ni kelikeli.

NA I MATAI, MO SAMAKA NA VANUA

Wereca kece na co me leleka e na na vanua 'o na kelia kina na tobu. Kevaka e tiko kina e dua na vunikau levu se lailai musuka laivi ka cavuta mai na wakana. Soqona vata kece na co kei na kau 'o sa musuka, ka biuta vakatikitiki mai na taudaku ni vanua 'o sa samaka. E na sega ni rawa me na biu na kau se na co me bai se lalaga ni tobu de na vakamalumalumutaka ka na vakavuna me na cila kina na wai.

NA KENA IKARUA, MO KELIA SOBU E NA TITOBU NI DUA NA YAME NI ISIVI

E na loma ni tobu kece sara kelia sobu e na titobu ni yame ni isivi. Oqo na qele e dela ni qele, ka sega soti ni qele kaukauwa sara me vakataki koya e ra. 'Okoya gona, e na qai vakayagataki ga e na taudaku ni bai se lalaga ni tobu. Binia wavoki vakarabailevu na qele e na tobu. Kauta vakalevu na qele ki na yasana lolovira na vanua e na rabailevu kina na kena bai se lalaga. Kakua ni binia walega me cere ka mamare de na malumalumu na kena bai. Binia vakarabailevu, qai butuka sobu me kaukauwa ka cokovata. Ni ra sa veitaratara vinaka na qele 'o sa qai biuta tale yani e levu na qele e delana. E na vei iyatu qele kece sara 'o biuta me butuki sobu tiko me rawa ni kaukauwa.

Kakua ni biuta e dua na qele e na tutu ka na qai biu kina na sala ni wai ki tuba. Laivi tu na vanua oqo me galala tiko me na rawa ni lako tani tiko, kina na wai ni uca e na gauna 'o se kelikeli tiko kina 'o na qai vakatawana na vanua oqo ni sa oti na keli ni tobu.

The walls of the pond should be level so that they will hold the water. The bottom should slope down to the drain so that all the water can drain out of the pond. The water should be waist deep (3 feet), so the pond should be a little deeper than this.

WHERE TO DIG A POND

The Fisheries Department will help you look for a good place to dig a fish pond. Do not start digging until they have seen the area and have advised you. Otherwise, you may waste your effort.

To dig a fish pond, a wide area of flat land is needed. The land must be at least 15 metres long and 15 metres wide (about one square chain). The area does not need to be square in shape. It is better if the area is larger so that more ponds can be dug there.

There must be running water nearby which can be used to fill the pond. It is best if there is a small stream or spring which starts at a level above the pond area. Water can be diverted to the pond by using a trench, bamboo, or a pipe. Piped water can be used to fill a pond, but it is too expensive to use a pump.

The pond must be drained completely dry every six months, so you must be able to drain the area where you will dig the pond.

The pond should be close to your house so that it will be easy to feed the fish every day and so that other people will not steal your fish.

A pond should not be too close to a river which could flood it. If the pond floods, the fish will escape. The soil near rivers usually contains much sand and gravel. The water will leak out of ponds made in this type of soil.

E NA VINAKA ME KELI TOKA E LEVU NA NOMU TOBU ME NA RAWA NI LEVU NA IKA ME LAUKANA KA DAU VOLITAKI VAKAWASOMA. E NA VINAKA SARA ME KELINA TOBU E NA DUA NA VANUA RABAILEVU MO NA RAWA NI NA QAI KELIA TALE KINA E MURI E SO NA TOBU.

IT IS GOOD TO DIG MORE THAN ONE POND SO THAT YOU CAN HAVE FISH TO EAT AND SELL MORE OFTEN. IT IS BEST TO DIG A POND IN A LARGE AREA WHERE YOU CAN DIG MORE PONDS LATER.

HOW TO DIG A POND

You can use a machine to dig a pond or people can dig it themselves. You should follow these instructions either way you dig the pond. If you decide to use a machine, a bulldozer (Caterpillar) works much faster than a digger.

FIRST, CLEAR THE AREA

Cut all the grass down low in the area where you will dug the pond. If there is any brush or trees, cut them down and pull out the roots. Collect all the grass and wood and put it well outside the cleared area. No grass or wood can be put in the walls of the pond or it will be weak and leak.

SECOND, DIG DOWN ONE SHOVEL DEEP

Over the entire area of the pond, dig down a depth of one shovel. This is topsoil, which is not as strong as the soil below it. Therefore, it will only be used on the outside of the pond walls.

Put the soil in a wide pile all around the pond. Bring most of the soil down to the lower end of the pond where the walls will be larger. Do not stack it in a tall, thin pile or the walls will be weak. Put it down in one wide layer, then step on it to flatten it and to compact it. After each layer of soil is compacted, you can put more soil on top of it. After each layer of soil is put on, step on it to make it strong.

Do not put any soil in the corner of the pond where the drain will be. Leave this area open so that rainwater may drain out while you are digging. You will fill in this area when you finish digging the pond.

NI SA VAKASAVASAVATAKI OTI NA VANUA, KELIA SOBU E NA I VAKARAU NI DUA NA YAME NI I SIVI NA KENA TITOBU E NA LOMA NI TOBU KECE SARA. KA ME NA VAKA TU OQO NA KENA I RAIRAI.

AFTER THE LAND IS CLEARED, DIG DOWN ONE SHOVEL DEEP EVERYWHERE INSIDE THE POND. THEN THE POND SHOULD LOOK LIKE THIS.

ME LAURAI NI TAUTAUVATA NA CERE NI BAI

Mo raica me tautauvata na cere ni kena bai ena nomu na vesuka e dua na wa wavokita na taudaku ni tobu. Vesuka na wa e na duru e na tutu na va ni tobu. Vesuka na wa me veidonui kei na dela ni bai ni tobu. Vakayagataka e dua na ivakarau wai (level) nodra na matai me raici kina na kena tautauvata.

Kevaka e cere lailai e dua na bai, me biu take kina e so na qele.

ME KELI SOBU TALE NA IKARUA NI YAME NI ISIVI

Na qele 'o na kelia mai e na gauna oqo e qele kaukauwa cake mai na qele 'o sa vakayagataka me bai ni lalaga mai taudaku ni bai ni tobu. 'Okoya gona, mo na biuta na qele vinaka oqo e na loma ni kena bai me na vakaukauwataka ka tarova na cila mai ni wai. 'O na qai biuta talega na qele oqo e dela ni bai me cere kina.

CHECK THE LEVEL OF THE WALLS

Check to see if the walls are level so far by tying a string around the outside of the pond. Attach the string to posts at the corners of the pond. Tie the string to the posts at the level of the top of the pond wall. Use a carpenter's level to make the string level.

Wherever the walls are too low, you must put more soil.

DIG DOWN A SECOND SHOVEL DEEP

The soil that you dig out now is stronger than the topsoil that you have already used for the outside of the walls. Therefore, put this good soil on the inside of the walls to make them stronger and stop any leaks. Then you will put this soil on top of the walls to make them higher.

Kakua ni kelikeli vakavoleka ki na lalaga ni tobu. Kalawa e na dua na ikalawa balavu mai na lalaga ni 'o se bera ni kelikeli.

Oqo, e na solia vei iko e dua na vanua galala mo na biuta kina na qele e na yasa ni lalaga. Mo na biuta tale tiko vakarabaraba qai butuka sobu, ni bera ni 'o biuta tale eso na qele e delana.

Na ka oqo ena vakaukauwataka na bai ni tobu.

RAICA NA TAUTAUVATA NI DELA NI BAI KEI NA BOTONA

Raica me ra tautauvata taucoko na yasana ka me tolu na fiti ki botona e na yasana e cake ka va na fiti ki botona e na yasa ni tobu e ra. E na rawa mo na kelia tale vakatitobu na i katolu se na ika va ni ivakarau ni yame ni isivi, kevaka e gadrevi me vaka kina.

NA SALA NI WAI KI TUBA

Na sala ni wai vinaka duadua me vakayagataki e na dua na tobu in ika na ‘P.V.C. pipe’ vaka ilokiloki se ‘elbow’, ka na dau rawa me na vukici sobu. E na vukea na kena dorodro tani na wai ni uca, ni sa sivia, e na gauna 'o se susu ika tiko kina. Ena gauna sa na qolivi kina na ika, sa na rawa mo luvata tani na kena ilokiloki me rawa ni drodro tani vakadua kina na wai.

'O na gadreva e dua na tolo ni ‘P.V.C. pipe’ 3 se 4 na idi me balavu toka ka me na rawa ni rauta e vica na fiti mai na loma ni tobu ki tautauba (‘drain pipe’), (rauta ni 12 ki na 15 na fiti). 'O na vinakata talega e dua na kena ilokiloki ka dua me 3 se 4 na fiti na kena balavu me na tolona ka coba cake (‘upright pipe’).

Do not dig close to the walls. Take one large step inward from the wall before you start to dig. This will leave you a place to put the soil on the inside of the walls. Again, put the soil down in a wide layer then step on it, before you put any soil on top of it. This will make the walls strong.

CHECK THE LEVEL OF THE SIDES AND BOTTOM

Check to make sure that the sides are all level and the bottom is three feet below this at the upper side of the pond and four feet below this at the lower end of the pond. You may need to dig down a third or fourth shovel deep to finish.

THE DRAIN

The best drain for a fish pond is a PVC pipe with an elbow that can be turned down. This will allow excess rainwater to overflow while you are raising fish and the pond is full. Then, when you harvest the fish, you can take off the elbow to drain the pond completely.

You will need a piece of 3 or 4 inch PVC pipe that is long enough to reach from a few feet inside the pond to the outside of the pond (about 12 to 15 feet). You will also need an elbow and a 3 to 4 foot piece to stand upright.

NA PAIPO KA GOLE CAKE (‘UPRIGHT PIPE’) E NA RAWA NI BIU E LOMA SE E TAUTUBA. ME KELI NA VANUA ME NA DAVO KINA NA PAIPO E NA BOTO NI TOBU ME NA RAWA NI NA VAKADRODROI KECE KINA KI TUBA NA WAI MAI NA TOBU.

THE UPRIGHT PIPE CAN BE PUT EITHER INSIDE OR OUTSIDE THE POND. DIG A TRENCH FOR THE PIPE BELOW THE POND BOTTOM SO THAT ALL THE WATER CAN DRAIN OUT.

Kevaka e na sega ni rawa ni ko volia na paipo e na guana ko kelia kina na tobu, e rawa mo na sogota toka mada ga na sala ni wai ki tuba e na qele.

Oqo e cakacaka levu toka, ia e na rawa mo qai volia e dua na tolo ni paipo e na imatai ni qolivi ni tobu.

NA I CAKACAKA NI KENA VAKADAVORI NA PAIPO

Kelia e dua na waisa me davo kina na paipo me 4 na idi na kena titobu mai na boto ni tobu. Me bulu sara vakavinaka ka vakamatau na qele e na tolo ni paipo e tuba, ka qarauna me kua na karoro na tolo ni paipo. Dregata na ilokiloki ni paipo kei na kena ka gole cake e taudaku ka kakua na kena e na vakadrodroi mai kina na wai. Kevaka 'o na dregata vata e na sega ni rawa me na vakadrodroi tani mai ki tuba na wai.

Na i sema ni paipo ka lako cake, e na rawa me na biu e loma kevaka 'o taqayataka de dua e na butakoca na ika. Kevaka 'o sega ni taqayataki ira na daubutako, ia e na rawa ga ni'o vakacabora ga mai taudaku e na rawarawa ni 'o raica talega kina na cila mai ni wai ka na sega ni na bonota se sogota na drau ni kau se co.

NA VAKARAUTAKI NI TOBU

VAKATAWANA NA TOBU E NA WAI

Na tobu e dodonu me dau sinai tu ga e na wai, vaka vo ga e na gauna e na qolivi kina kei na gauna e na vakavinakataki kina. la na wai e sega ni dodonu me drodro tikoga ki na tobu. E dodonu mo tawana ga na tobu ka sogota laivi na wai e drodro tiko ki na tobu. Kevaka e sa lutu sobu na ivakarau ni wai e na tobu, vakadrodroya tale kina e so na wai me yacova ni sa sinai tale. Na tobu ka se qai vakayagataki vakadua e dodonu me dau vakadrodroi tiko kina na wai me rauta ni dua se rua na vula me rawa ni sinai tikoga ki na na wai.

Ni se bera ni 'o la'ki kauta mai e dua na ika e dodonu mo raica taumada ni sa sega ni cila na wai mai na tobu. Kevaka 'o raica ni sa cila tiko na wai e e dodonu mo vakavinakataka mada. Vakatara sobu na lalaga ni tobu mai loma me yacova na vanua e cila tiko mai kina na wai. Raica de dua na kau se qara e tiko e na qele. Vakasosomitaka na qele, dregata vata vakaukauwa, ka me na kakua tale ni qai cila. E na rawa mo na vakarabailevutaka na bai e na vanua oqo me na kaukauwa.

BIU NA BENU NI KAKANA E NA TOBU

Na maleya e ra na tubu totolo ke ra tiko na manumanu lalai (‘plankton’) ka dau vakadrokadroka taka na wai e loma na tobu. Na mataqali manumanu ka dredre me da na raica rawa e matada, ia e na dau vakadrokadrokataka tu na wai. E ra na bula se tubu na ‘plankton’ ni biu na benu ni manumanu se so na ivakabulabula ni qele (N.P.K. se Super Phosphate) ki na tobu. Na benu vou e vinaka cake mai na kena sa mamaca tu. Biuta e rauta ni sinai e dua na taga ni raisi e na gauna e vakatawani kina na tobu. E na rawa mo biuta e na dua na kena bai lailai e na tutu ni tobu. Kakua ni biuta kina na kava lala se palasitika.

NA BIU NI IKA KI NA TOBU

E VICA NA LEVU NI IKA?

E ka bibi na kena kilai vinaka na levu ni ika e biu ki na tobu, me ra kua ni rui vei osooso. Kevaka e ra vei osoosoti na ika, e ra na sega ni tubu vakavinaka ka na lailai ga na ika 'o na qoliva.

If you cannot afford to buy a pipe when you start, you can block the drain with soil. This is much more work, so you will probably want to buy a pipe with the money you earn at your first harvest.

HOW TO PUT IN THE PIPE

Dig a trench for the pipe four inches deep below the pond bottom. Carefully pack the soil around the pipe. Make sure that the soil fits tightly against the pipe on all sides because water often leaks along the the edge of the pipe. Make sure that the soil is compacted well, but be careful not to crack the pipe. Glue the elbow to the upright piece of pipe, but do not glue the elbow to the drain pipe. If it is, you will not be able to drain the pond.

The upright pipe can be put on the inside of the pond if you are afraid someone may try to steal your fish. If you are not afraid of thieves, then you can put the upright pipe on the outside of the pond where it is easier to see leaks and will not get clogged with leaves or grass.

PREPARE THE POND

FILL THE POND WITH WATER

The pond should always be full of water, except when you are harvesting the fish or repairing the pond. But water should not flow through the pond. You should fill the pond, then shut off the water flowing into the pond. If the water level drops down, add more water until the pond is full again. The first time that you use a pond, you may need to keep the water flowing into the pond for a month or two to keep it full.

Before you get any fish, you must make sure that the pond is not leaking. If you ever see water leaking from the outside of the pond, you must repair it. Dig down into the wall of the pond to reach where the water was leaking from. Check for any wood or a hole in the soil. Then, replace the soil and compact it so that it is very strong, so that the area will not leak again. You may need to make the wall wider here so that it is stronger.

PUT MANURE IN THE POND

Maleya grow faster if there is plankton in the pond water. Plankton are very small plants and animals that you cannot see, but which make the water a green colour. To make the plankton grow, put animal manure or artificial fertilizer (NPK or Super Phosphate) into the pond. Fresh manure is better than dry manure. Put at least one full rice bag of manure in when you fill the pond. You can put the manure behind a fence in the corner of the pond. Do not put tin cans or plastic into the pond.

ME DAU BIU NA BENU E NA TUTU NI TOBU ME NA VAKADROKADROKATAKA NA WAI.

PUT MANURE IN THE CORNER OF THE POND TO MAKE THE WATER GREEN.

PUT FISH INTO THE POND

HOW MANY FISH?

It is important to put in the right number of fish in the pond, so that the fish are not too crowded. If the fish are crowded, they will not grow well and you will only get small fish.

EXAMPLE: YOUR POND WILL BE A DIFFERENT SIZE.
LENGTH × WIDTH = SIZE
20 M × 15 M = 300 SQ M
THIS POND CAN HOLD 300–400 FISH TO START.
LATER, IT CAN HOLD 500–600 FISH.

KE NA I VAKARAITAKI: NA NOMU E NA DUIDUI NA KENA LEVU.
KENA BALAVU × KENA RABA = KENA LEVU.
20 M × 15 M = 300 SQ M
TOBU OQO E RAWA NI BIU TAU MADA KINA E 300–400 NA IKA.
E MURI E NA QAI RAWA NI BIU KINA E 500–600 NA IKA.

Na levu ni ika 'o na rawa ni biuta kina na nomu tobu e vakatau saraga ki na levu ni tobu. 'O na kila na levu ni nomu tobu e na nomu vakayagataka na ‘tape’ mo vakarautaka kina na kena balavu kei na kena raba e na mita. Soqoni rau vata e na vika vakalevutaka, na isoqoni ni kena balavu kei na kena raba (nai wiliwili ni mita vakarivirivi).

Na imatai ni gauna 'o susu ika kina, e dodonu mo biuta e na loma ni nomu tobu na iwiliwili ga ka rauta (na iwiliwili ni mita vakarivirivi), se vakalailai tale toka. Kevaka e ra sa tubu lelevu sara toka na ika, 'o sa na qai rawa ni biuta tale toka yani vakalevu e na i karua ni gauna. E na rawa mo na vakaruataka na kena iwiliwili se mani so tale, e na guana mai e muiri.

NA IKA CAVA ME VAKAYAGATAKI

Kevaka 'o kauta mai na nomu ika mai na tabana ni qoli se ‘Fisheries Department’ 'o sa na rawa ni kila ni 'o kauta tiko mai na kena mataqali dina kei na levu ni kena iwiliwiliwili 'o a kerea. Kevaka 'o kauta mai na nomu ika mai vua tale e dua na dau susu ika, raica vakavinaka me ika gone ka sa via tautauvata kecega na kedra lelevu. Na ika e dodonu me ra vula dua se rua ka kevaka e sa sivia na nodra vula, e ra sa na sega ni rawa ni tubu vakavinaka. E da na rawa ga ni kila vakavinaka na dede ni bula ni ika e na noda a se qai raica e na imatai ni gauna e na tobu. E dodonu mo wilika sara vakavinaka na levu ni ika 'o biuta e na tobu.

NA NODRA KANA NA IKA

E rui ka bibi mo na dau vakani ira vakarua e na dua na siga me ra na rawa kina ni tubu vakatotolo ka lelevu. Kevaka 'o na sega ni vakani ira e na veisiga, e ra na lailai toka ga na ika.

The number of fish that you can put into your pond depends upon the size of the pond. To learn the size of your pond, use a measuring tape to measure the length and width in metres. Multiply these two numbers to get the size of your pond (the number of square metres).

The first time that you raise fish, you should put in the same number of fish as the size of your pond (the number of square metres), or a few more. If the fish grow to a good size, then you can put more fish in the next time. Eventually, you may be able to put in twice this number of fish or more.

WHAT FISH TO USE

If you get your fish from the Fisheries Department, then you will know that you are getting the right type of fish and the number that you ask for. If you use your own fish or some from another farmer, make sure that they are young fish and that they are all about the same size. The fish should be one to two months old. If they are older than this, they will not grow well. The best way to know the age of young fish is to know when they were first seen in the pond. You must carefully count how many fish you put into the pond.

FEEDING THE FISH

It is very important that you feed your fish twice each day so that they will grow quickly to a large size. If you do not feed every day, the fish will always stay a small size.

KEVAKA 'O NA SEGA NI VAKANI IRA E NA VEISIGA, E RA NA LALAI GA NA NOMU IKA.

IF YOU DO NOT FEED EVERY DAY, YOU WILL GET SMALL FISH.

Na mataqali kakana vinaka na ‘mill mix’ (ka da vakatokai talega na ‘wheat pollard’), na ‘coconut meal’, se na ‘rice pollard’. E vinaka me rau dau waki vata vakalalai na ‘meat meal’ (dua na bilo na meat meal vata kei na 5 na bilo na mill mix) kei na so tale na kakana.

Na Tabana ni Qoli eratou na tukuna vei iko na levu ni kakana mo na dau solia vei ira na nomu ika e na dua na siga. Ni 'o susuga e 100 na ika, 'o na rawa ni vakayagataka e dua na taga kakana (50 kilo) e na loma ni ono na vula. Ni 'o susuga e 500 na ika, 'o na rawa ni vakayagataka e lima na taga. Na ika e ra kana vakalailai e na gauna e ra gone kina ka na toso cake tikoga ena vei vula ni ra sa tubu tiko.

Good types of feed are Mill Mix (also called Wheat Pollard), Rice Pollard, or Coconut Meal. It is better to mix a little Meat Meal or Fish Meal with the Mill Mix or other feed (one cup of Meat Meal with five cups of Mill Mix).

The Fisheries Department will tell you how much feed to give to your fish each day. To raise 100 fish, you will use about one bag of feed (50 kilograms) in six months. To raise 500 fish, you will use about five bags of feed. The fish will eat very little when they are young, then eat more each month as they grow larger.

NA ‘WHEAT POLLARD’, ‘RICE POLLARD’, SE NA ‘COCONUT MEAL’ E KAKANA VINAKA VEI IRA NA MALEYA. E NA VINAKA CAKE KE'O BIUTA VATA KEI NA SO NA LEWE NI MANUMANU QAQI SE ‘MEAT MEAL’.

GOOD FOODS FOR MALEYA ARE WHEAT POLLARD, RICE POLLARD OR COCONUT MEAL. IT IS BETTER IF YOU ADD SOME MEAT MEAL TO ONE OF THESE.

NA CAKACAKA TALE ESO NI KENA QARAVI NA IKA

Sa sega tale ni qai levu na cakacaka vakavo walega na nodra dau vakani na ika. E dodonu mo dau vakadrodroya tale yani e so na wai ke sa lutu na ivakarau ni wai. Kevaka e tubu e so na co e na tobu e dodonu me cavu laivi. E dodonu mo na dau wereca vakavinaka tu na bai ni tobu me rawa ni laurai na cila ni wai ki tuba. E dodonu mo qarauna me ra kakua ni dau voleka yani na bulumakau kei na vuaka e na tobu de ra na vakacacana na bai se na lalaga ni tobu.

NA SUSUGI TALE NI SO NA MANUMANU VATA KEI NA IKA

E na rawa mo susu toa, ga se vuaka me vakabai voleka ki na tobu se e dela ni tobu. E na vakarawarawataka na kena dau biu na benu ni manumanu kei na vovo ni benu ni kakana na loma ni tobu, ka na vakavuna na tubu totolo ni ika. E ra na rawa ni qalo na ga e na wai ni tobu. E na rawa ni 'o kelia na nomu tobu voleka ki na vanua ni loba sucu ka e na gauna e dau sava kina na vale ni loba sucu sa na drodro sara tiko na wai ki na loma ni tobu. Kevaka 'o sa mani susu ika vata kei na so tale na manumanu e dodonu mo se na dau vakani ira tiko ga vakarua na ika e na veisiga.

NA QOLIVI NI TOBU

E DODONU ME QOLIVI KECE SARA NA IKA

Ni oti e ono na vula, e ra sa na lelevu na ika ka sa toso vakamalua na nodra tubu. E na gauna oqo e dodonu me ra na qolivi kece sara na ika ka tekivu vou tale.

Mo na qoliva kece sara na ika, e dodonu mo na vakasalataka kece na wai ki tuba. Kevaka e tiko tale e dua na ika makawa e na loma ni tobu e na gauna 'o na tekivu tale kina e na rawa ni vakaluveni tale ka na kauta mai e udolu vakaudolu na luve ni ika ki na loma ni tobu. E sa na oso na tonu ka sa na lalai na ika e na ikarua ni gauna e na qolivi kina.

NA I VAKAVAKADRODROI NI TOBU

Kevaka e sa tiko na nomu sala ni wai paipo, biuta e dua na lawa ni ura vakababa e na vanua ka na drodro yani kina na wai. E dua na vakasama vinaka ke rawa ni biu na ikarua lawa e na daku ni imatai ni lawa me rawa ni tao kina na ika ka dro tani mai na ima tai ni lawa. Tatuva (bika) na boto ni lawa e na vatu me ra kakua kina ni qalo tani na ika e ruku ni lawa, ka qarauna me ra kakua ni qalo na ika e taudaku ni lawa.

OTHER WORK TO TAKE CARE OF THE FISH

Besides feeding the fish, there is not much other work that needs to be done. You should add water to the pond if the water level drops down. If there are any weeds growing in the pond, you should pull them out. You should cut the grass on the pond walls so that you can see if there are any leaks. You should keep cows and pigs away from the pond so that they do not damage the walls.

RAISING OTHER ANIMALS WITH THE FISH

You can raise chickens, ducks or pigs in pens near the ponds or over the water in the ponds. This makes it easy to put animal manure and wasted feed into the pond, which helps the fish to grow. Ducks can swim in the pond water. You can build a fish pond near a dairy milking shed so that the water used to clean the shed flows into the pond. Even if you raise other animals with the fish, you must still feed the fish every day.

HARVESTING THE POND

YOU MUST CATCH ALL THE FISH

After six months, the fish are mature and grow very slowly. Now you should catch all the fish in the pond and start over again.

In order to catch all the fish, you must drain the pond completely. If any old fish are left in the pond when you start again, they will reproduce and leave thousands of young fish in the pond. The pond will be so crowded that you will only get small fish the next time.

HOW TO DRAIN THE POND

If you have a drain pipe, put a prawn net across the drain where the water will flow out. It is a good idea to put a second net behind this to catch any fish which get around the first net. Put rocks on the bottom of the nets so that the fish cannot swim underneath, and make sure that the fish cannot go around the nets.

Do not put a screen around the pipe inside the pond. This will get clogged with mud and grass, and will stop the fish from going through the pipe. It is easiest to catch the fish which have gone through the pipe.

E NA RAWARAWA NA NOMU QOLIVI IRA NA IKA E NA TAUDAKU NI TOBU, E NA I DRODRODRO NI WAI KI TUBA. DOLAVA NA PAIPO ME NA RAWA NI SALA MAI KINA NA WAI KEI NA IKA. BIUTA E RUA NA LAWA NI URA ENA VANUA KA DRODRO TIKO MAI KINA NA WAI ME RA NA COKO KINA NA IKA.

IT IS EASY TO CATCH THE FISH OUTSIDE THE POND, IN THE DRAIN. OPEN THE PIPE SO THE WATER AND THE FISH CAN GO THROUGH. PUT TWO PRAWN NETS IN THE DRAIN TO CATCH THE FISH.

Kakua ni biuta e dua na lawalawa e na gusu ni sala ni wai e na loma hi tobu de tasogo e na soso kei na co, ka na tarovi ira talega na ika ena nodra na curu mai ena paipo. E rawarawa sara na kena qolivi 'o ira na ika e na nodra curuma mai na loma paipo.

Kevaka e sega ni vakapaipo na tobu, me keli e dua na waisa lailai ena lalaga ni tobu me na vakadrodroi kina na wai. Me biu vakababa e dua na lawa lailai e na gusu ni waisa e na lalaga e na loma ni tobu, me ra na tao kina na ika. Kelia sobu vakamalua.

NA QOLIVI NI IKA

Kevaka 'o nanuma tiko mo na maroroi ira na luve ni ika mo na vakayagataka e na nomu i tekivu tale, me ra na qolivi ena dua na lawa lailai voleka ki na sala ni wai. E ra na se sega ni se kaukauwa, me ra tauri vakamatau ka kua ni tu vakadede e vanua mamaca. Tagavi ira mai vakalevu baleta ni levu e ra na mate. Maroroi ira na ika oqo e na dua na tobu lailai me yacova na gauna 'o sa gadrevi ira kina.

Waraka me sa mamaca vinaka na tobu ka qai qolivi ira na vo ni ika. E levu na ika e ra na qalo ki na sala ni wai se curuma sara, ke 'o wawa, e na qai rawarawa na nodra qolivi.

WILIKA KA VAKARAUTAKA NA IKA

Ni 'o sa qolivi ira kece na ika, savata kece na soso mai yagodra. Mo wilika na kena levu ka vakarautaki ira. Mo vola na kena levu kei na levu ni kena bibi. Na itukutuku vaka oqo e na vukei iko kei iratou na Tabana ni Qoli ena ivakarau se na i lakolako ni susu ika e na veigauna mai muri.

If you do not have a pipe, dig a small trench in the wall of the pond to let the water flow out. Put a small net across the trench, on the inside of the pond wall, to catch the fish. Dig down slowly.

CATCH THE FISH

If you plan to save the young fish to use when you restart your pond, catch them with a small net near the drain. They are not strong, so handle them gently do not keep them out of the water very long. Catch as many as you can because many will die. Keep these fish in a small pond until you need them.

Wait until the pond is completely drained to catch the rest of the fish. Most of the fish will swim to the drain pipe or through it if you wait. Then it is easy to catch them.

NI SA MAMACA MAI NA TOBU E SO NA IKA E RA NA SE TU GA E LOMA NI TOBU.

WHEN THE POND IS DRAINED, SOME FISH WILL BE INSIDE THE POND.

COUNT AND WEIGH THE FISH

After you have caught all the fish, wash the mud off of them. Then weigh and count them. Write down these numbers. This information will help you and the Fisheries Department to improve the way that you raise fish in the future.

O NI NA RAICA EKE E DUA NA TURAGA E SA VAKARAUTAKA TU NA NONA IKA KA VOLA SARA TOKA 'O NA LUVENA YALEWA NA KENA I WILIWILI. E DODONU MO NA DAU VOLA TIKO NA I WILIWILI NI IKA 'O QOLIVA KEI NA KENA BIBI KA SOLIA VEI IRATOU NA TABANA NI QOLI NA I WILIWILI OQO.

HERE A MAN IS WEIGHING HIS FISH AND HIS DAUGHTER IS WRITING DOWN THE NUMBERS. YOU SHOULD WRITE DOWN THE TOTAL NUMBER OF FISH THAT YOU CATCH AND THE TOTAL WEIGHT AND GIVE THESE NUMBERS TO THE FISHERIES DEPARTMENT.

MO VAKAMAMACATAKA NA TOBU

Me vakadrodroi tani kece tikoga na wai me yacova sara ni sa mamaca na boto ni tobu. Na ka oqo e rawa ni taura e rua na macawa. Ni sa mamaca na tobu, na ika se na yaloka ni ika ka se tu e na soso sa na mate.

E na gauna oqo sa na rawa vei iko mo na vakavinakataka na vei ka e vinakati me vakavinakataki e na nomu tobu. E na rairai gadrevi beka mo na kelia tani mai e so na soso mai na loma ni tobu me biu lesu ki na yasa ni tobu.

E NA GAUNA OQO SA NA RAWA NI'O TAWANA TALE NA NOMU TOBU KA TEKIVU TALE !

NA KELI NI SO TALE NA TOBU NI IKA

ME SO TALE NA TOBU NI SUSU IKA

E dua na ka vinaka kevaka e keli e levu na tobu e na dua ga na vanua. E lewe levu era taukena 'e ya dua na tobu e ra vinakata me na so tale na nodra tobu. Ni levu na iwiliwili ni nomu tobu, e na levu na ilavo 'o rawata, levu mo kania ka ko na dau volivolitaki vakawasoma. Na ikarua ni tobu e sa na sega ni levu na kena cakacaka me vaka na imatai ni tobu. E na rawarawa na keli ni ikarua ni tobu baleta ni rau sa wasea vata e dua ga na lalaga kei na imatai ni tobu. Sa na rawarawa talega na nomu vakania na ika ni rua na tobu me vakatautauvataki e na kena dau vakani tiko ga e dua.

Na vanua e tiko kina e levu na tobu e dodonu me raici me kakua ni vakayagataki na wai mai na imatai ni tobu me vakadrodroi tiko ki na ikarua ni tobu. Na veitobu kece e dodonu me tiko na kedra dui sala ni wai ki loma kei na kena sala ni wai ki tuba. Ni vaka oqo, e ra na wai savasava kece na wai ni tobu ka na rawa ni vakalalai e dua ni ra se sinai tu ga na kena vo.

DRY OUT THE POND

Keep the water out of the pond until the bottom is dry. This will take about two weeks. When the pond is dry, any fish or eggs in the mud will die.

Now you can make any repairs that your pond needs. You may need to dig some of the mud from the bottom of the pond to put back on the sides each year.

NOW YOU CAN REFILL YOUR POND AND START AGAIN!

DIGGING MORE FISH PONDS

MORE PONDS TO RAISE FISH

It is good to dig more than one pond in the same area. Most people who have one pond want to have more. With more than one pond, you can raise many more fish and have them to eat and sell more often. But a second pond is not as much work as the first pond. it is easier to dig the second pond because it can share one wall with the first pond. It is also just as easy to feed the fish in two ponds as it is to feed the fish in one pond.

When there is more than one pond, water should not flow from one pond into another. Each pond should have its own inlet and drain. This way, all the ponds get clean water and one pond can be drained while the others are full.

NA TOBU TAUCOKO E DODONU ME NA DUI TIKO NA KEDRA SALA NI WAI KI LOMA KEI NA KEDRA SALA NI WAI KI TUBA. NA TOBU LAILAI KA DAU MAROROI KINA NA LUVE NI IKA E NA RAWA NI KELI VAKAVOLEKA KI NA DUA NA TOBU LEVU SE DUA NA VANUA VAKAVOLEKA.

EVERY POND MUST HAVE ITS OWN INLET AND DRAIN. A SMALL POND TO HOLD THE YOUNG FISH CAN BE PUT NEXT TO A BIG POND OR ANYWHERE NEARBY.

NA TOBU ME RA DAU MAROROI KINA NA LUVE NI IKA

Kevaka 'o nanuma tiko mo na vakayagataka na luve ni ika mai na nomu tobu mo na tekivu tale kina, e dodonu me tiko e dua na nomu tobu lailai me na maroroi kina na luve ni ika e na gauna 'o na vakamamacataka tiko kina na nomu tobu. Na tobu oqo e sega ni kainaki me tobu levu sara baleta ni na maroroi walega kina na ika lalai e na vica walega na macawa. E dodonu me na 2 na mita na kena balavu rua na mita na kena raba ka rua na fiti na kena titobu. E dodonu me na dau rawa ni vakadrodroi kina na wai ka rawa talega ni vakamamacataki, ia e sega sara ni gadrevi me dua na kena sala ni wai ki tuba.

E dua na tobu lailai vaka oqo sa na rawa me na vakayagataki me na dau susu tiko kina na ika ni levu tale na tobu lelevu. E na rawa ni keli voleka ki na dua na tobu se dua ga na vanua voleka.

A POND TO HOLD YOUNG FISH

If you plan to use the young fish from your pond to start again, you will need to dig a small pond to keep these young fish in while you dry out your big pond. This pond will not need to be large because it will only hold small fish for a few weeks. It should be about two meters wide, two metres long, and two feet deep. It must be able to fill and drain completely, but it does not need a drain pipe.

One small pond like this can be used for several large ponds where the fish are raised. It can be dug next to a large pond or anywhere nearby.