ANNEX 4

The mission formulated the attached documents for the following projects:

• Marine Fishery Training, Quality Control and Development (Phase III), MOZ/86/030.

• Pilot project for Coastal Shrimp Culture, MOZ/86/033.

• Pilot project for the development of the Tuna Fishery, MOZ/86/038.

• Support for the Development of Small-Scale Fisheries.

UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME

Project of the Government of the
People's Republic of Mozambique

PROJECT DOCUMENT

PART I     LEGAL CONTEXT

This Project Document shall be the instrument referred to as such in Article I, paragraph 1, of the Assistance Agreement between the Government of the People's Republic of Mozambique and the United Nations Programme, signed by the Parties on 15 September 1976.

The Government Implementing Agency shall, for the purposes of the Standard Basic Agreement, refer to the Government Cooperating Agency described in that Agreement.

PART II     THE PROJECT

A. Development Objectives

The Project is a strategic part of the Government's master plan for fisheries development. The increase of local technical manpower for the fishing fleet, with practical training as a basic feature, altogether with the improvement of quality of fish products for the internal and external markets and, in specific cases, technical support to Government's fisheries institutions, will be the main strategic targets of the Project.

The most important results of these improvements will be an increase of the overall economic efficiency of the fishing sector, permitting a reduction of contracts of expatriate technicians for the fleet, and an increase in the value of export products due to quality improvement. Also an important output of the project continuation will be an improved supply of fish products of higher quality and greater variety for consumption by the people of Mozambique.

B. Immediate Objectives

The immediate objectives of this Project are:

• To meet skill requirements in the fishery sector and thus train, with particular emphasis on practical work at sea, fishermen, lieutenants, and motorists for the fishing fleet.

• To meet skill requirements of the Fisheries Training Centre in Matola (FTCM) and thus also train new national teachers and up-grade the knowledge and practical experience of those already engaged in the activities of the FTCM, in order to make them capable to take over training activities without external technical assistance.

• The new programme furthermore considers the possibility of short-term up-grading courses in operation and maintenance of engines, machineries, electronic, etc., as well as in fishing gear anf fish technologies, safety at sea, etc., principally for former students of the FTCM and for selected workers of the sector.

• The new programme also consolidates the work of the Fish Inspection and Quality Control Service (FIQCS) and extends its activities towards quality control of products during handling and processing at sea and on land;

• It assists the Institute for Fisheries Research (IIP) in the formulation of a programme for improving the quality of fish products, and utilizing to the full the country's aquatic resources by the application of improved handling and processing technologies, and training local staff in the technology of fish handling and processing.

• Finally, the new programme participates in tasks related to the solving of conjunctural and specific technical matters by means of FAO expertise, on request of the Secretariat of State for Fisheries (SEP).

C. Special Considerations

The Project will improve the education level of the youth and their integration into the economic development process.

D. Background and Justification

Background

Because of the large extent of its continental shelf, which covers 120.000 km² and stretches along 2.500 km of coastline, Mozambique is believed to have one of the major fisheries potentials of the East Coast of Africa south of the Equator.

Present fishery consists of a national fleet of about 54 shrimp freezer trawlers, 12 fish trawlers and about 300 smaller semi-industrial boats, which catch annually about 10.000 t of fish and 6.000 t of crustaceans, part of which sold on the international market with an average annual value of US$36 millions during recent past years (1). The artisanal fishery is generally primitive and operates essentially dug out canoes with hand lines and some beach seines. This fishery occupies approximately 90% of the 50.000 Mozambican fishermen. However, in their great majority, artisanal fishermen are occasional operators with complementary farming activities.

In addition to the national fisheries, there are foreign activities based on the Mozambican fish resources and working under licensing agreement (German Democratic Republic, Spain, Japan and the People's Republic of Korea), and joint venture arrangements (USSR, Spain, Japan).

Total production of fish is officially recorded at 45.000 t per year. However, for reasons of unrecorded catches, total yearly captures of all fisheries would seem to be closer to 65.000 t.

With a yearly maximum sustainable yield generally estimated at 270.000 t, present production leaves therefore an appreciable fish potential available for development.

Altogether, local catches and imports of fish (about 10.000 t in 1983), represent a very low rate of fish consumption of about 5 kg per capita per year.

Among the constraints which hamper the development of the small scale fishery are the poor training of the traditional fishermen in modern techniques, the poor quality of the fish available for distribution and marketing, the lack of transport facilities and of organized distribution systems, the not enough presence of qualified fishery officers and the complete absence of extension staff in the administrative machinery. Many of these problems are currently being attacked through the establishment of regional support centers for small scale fisheries, largely funded by bilateral donors.

In the industrial fishery, which has reached some level of technical development, the managerial changes in the operation of the enterprises, and massive departure of expatriate master fishermen and other foreign skilled workers of the colonial era after the independence in 1975, created serious shortages of skilled specialists in all sectors of the activity. This hampered greatly the efficient maintenance and operation of the fleet, and imposed the hiring of other skilled expatriates, which, in turn, are siphoning off the economy an important portion of the hard currency incomes generated by shrimp exports.

The training of local specialists appeared therefore to be one of the major priorities of the sector, as it could not only assist the continuation of the industrial and semi-industrial fisheries, but also increase their productivities and ensure their extension to fishing grounds which had been so far exploited only by non-Mozambican vessels.

This need became the main justification of the UNDP/FAO Project MOZ/77/001 (Phase I), Fisheries Training and Development, which began operations in April, 1978. Its objectives were to train skippers and engineers for the Mozambican fishing fleet (especially the shrimp trawlers), to provide urgently needed technical assistance in planning and administration within the fisheries sector, and to provide for a series of consultancies on Mozambique's marine resources and methods of exploiting them.

A Fisheries Training Centre was established in Matola (near Maputo) through the conversion of previously existing buildings. The goal was to train 50 engineers and 50 master fishermen each year, and conduct intensive upgrading courses for Mozambican skippers and engineers already working in the fleet.

Due to a number of constraints inherent to the difficulties common to the starting of fishermen training schools and which, in this particular case, were strongly increased by the overall conjunctural situation, these goals were only partially attained and the necessity appeared to pursue technical assistance through the UNDP/FAO Project MOZ/82/007 (Phase II).

At this stage it also appeared that the third major constraint which hindered greatly fish consumption on the internal market, and better economic outputs of the industrial fishery, was the overall poor quality of the production, with subsequent important post-harvest wastages of landed tonnages, and further losses of values on the external market.

Therefore, Phase II also involved the introduction of a Fish Inspection and Quality Control Service (FIQCS), with the objective of improving fish supply quality and quantity on the national market, and of ensuring better quality and prices of exported fish products, mainly shrimp.

In the field of fishermen's training, Phase II confirmed that the constraints confronted during Phase I were indeed more considerable than previously thought. It demonstrated in particular that these constraints were not so much linked to the difficulties currently encountered when establishing and executing a fishermen training programme, as it had been generally accepted when project results were evaluated but, mainly, with a whole set of adverse circumstances springing from a recent colonial past and prevailing heavily in all activities of the country.

These circumstances meant that, in particular, training curricula and time tables which were realistic for a normal context, were rather ambitious compared with the very low scholar level of the recruits. They also meant that practical training at sea, which was adequately designed for normal conditions, became indeed an intricate undertaking when conjuncture complicated and lengthened any maintenance and repair problem suffered by project boats, and made extremely difficult to control, follow up and improve practical training of the graduates on board the commercial fishing fleet.

Considering all these obstacles it can be assessed that, in the field of fishermen training, Phase II has indeed achieved significant results as shown by its outputs which, at the end of 1985, represented about 64% of targeted goals with 254 entrances, 46 grade ‘D’ fishermen, 50 grade ‘D’ assistant motorists, 53 skippers/motorists (lancheiros), 7 grade ‘C’ second lieutenants and 6 third motorists; see graduates' flow in Annex 1.

In the other fields Phase II also attained good results, with the delivery of a constant flow of practical advices to the SEP, and the establishment of a FIQCS in Beira.

Other output of Phase II, of paramount importance for the global development process, was the building up within the SEP of an increased know-how in fishermen training, with increasing awareness of the economic importance of this activity.

Other important results were the strengthening of a body of national technical teachers, numbering 9 today, and the increasing of the fishery graduates generated by the FTCM and presently trained abroad, up to 78. Also 15 national specialists were trained in the FIQCS at sufficient level for inspecting and certifying the production from the national fishing company (EMOPESCA) and from joint venture fleets. All these elements, with some more adequate practical education, will be capable to continue project activities in the future, with less need for external technical assistance.

Justifications

Presently, nearly the entire industrial fishing fleet exploiting Mozambican waters is operated by some 430 sea going expatriate specialists. The yearly economic cost of this imported manpower, about US$ 6,5 millions, represents approximately 18% of a shrimp export value which, by itself alone, made about 29% of the entire national export value in 1984 (1).

(1) According to the World Bank Report no. 5610-MOZ, June 1985, (Source: Bank of Mozambique), from 1980 to 1984 the average yearly export value of shrimp was of US$36.4 million.

In their great majority, Mozambican working on board this fleet are assigned to non-skilled deck jobs. One of the main reasons of this is their low scholar level. However, it must be also considered that, even if they were endowed with specific talents for holding efficiently higher assignments, which is certainly the case for a part of them, the utilization of these capacities will seldom occur, by the very fact of skilled fishermen's behaviour based on understandable personal interests, and making difficult the smooth transfer of experience from them to eventual competitors.

This situation also applies on board the part of the shrimpers fleet which is under command and responsability of traditional national skippers and motorists who, in their great number, were purposely trained by owners of the colonial era, with the specific goal of reducing production costs through employment of non-expensive labour. It is therefore foreseeable that, with the progressive withdrawal of these ageing skippers and motorists, the country will be sometime without any skilled work force capable to take responsability of operating industrial fishing boats, therefore becoming more and more dependent on imported and economically expensive specialists for this purpose.

Therefore, it appears that present negative economic and social impacts created by the absence of young and skilled national fishing officers will not improve without the continuation and strengthening of specific actions in the field of fishermen's training. These actions, by the very complexities and particularities of industrial fisheries, represent a costly and lengthy affair. This fact, added to prevailing adverse general circumstances inherited from the past, makes this undertaking practically impossible for the country without appropriate external support.

Those are the primary justifications for the continuation of technical support to the Fisheries Training Centre in Matola (FTCM), through a Project third phase which, from acquired experience during the previous phases, will apply improved training programmes.

In the field of fishermen's training, there is another important justification for a continuing technical support programme to the FTCM : the absolute necessity to improve quality which, during the previous phases, could be only partially attained. The reasons of this situation are essentially two : on the one hand, the national technical teachers have been recruited among the grade ‘D’ fishermen of Phase I and, on account of the heavy work imposed upon them, have had no possibility to diversify and improve sufficiently their practical capabilities during Phase II, on the other hand, their number was insufficient for controlling fishermen's on-the-job training during their two or three years activity on board the commercial fleet, after getting their grade ‘D’.

Therefore, there is now a pressing need for up-grading knowledges and practical experiences of present teachers, and for increasing their strength through recruitment of new elements among FTCM's graduates presently coming back from their training abroad. This will not only ensure better fishermen's training quality but also better capabilities for the teachers to take soon full responsability of the training programme.

In the field covered by FIQCS there are still problems with the quality of frozen shrimp, predominately in the size grading. It must be realized that an inspection system does not in fact control quality; all it does is check that quality control at the time of production has been satisfactory. Inspection attempts to ensure that consignments of products which do not meet the specifications are not exported, but cannot alter the quality of the consignment.

It is therefore necessary to consolidate the work of the FIQCS and extend its role into true quality control, with the introduction of improved handling and processing practices at sea and on shore as an essential requirement for achieving high quality in exported products.

In spite of past efforts fish inspection needs to be put on a formal basis and possibly be the subject of official regulation. For this purpose quality standards must be written which will have an official status and which can be incorporated into legislation concerning exports of fishery products. Official procedures for sampling, testing and certification of export consignment will have to be drafted to go along with these regulations.

True quality control - as distinct from inspection and certification - is practised during handling and processing. The FIQCS will advise on these matters but there is a need for positive experimentation into and development of, procedures for handling shrimp on board fishing vessels which will simplify the operation while ensuring high quality.

Additional problems also exist in the practices for handling and processing fish for consumption within the country which in turn, have a strong impact on the quality of fish products. Therefore, the situation with regard to fish technology in Mozambique must be reviewed for a better utilization of the catches. Consequently, a strong need exists in which the new programme could certainly help efficiently, in formulating the basis for a specific project for improvement of fish technology activities.

E. Outputs

Period 1987–1989

The outputs to be produced by this Project at the end of a three years period going from 1987 to 1989 are as follows (See Annex 1 for explanation of graduates' flow) :

1. Skill Development

1. As to new entrants, about 90 grade ‘D’ fishermen (Marinheiro Pescador) and about 40 grade ‘D’ assistant motorists (Motorista Pescador) trained at the FTCM during two years with emphasis on practical knowledge, employing an approach which will ensure the improvement of skills through work and exercise in workshops and laboratories and at sea, on board the FTCM boats.

2. The practical experience of grade ‘D’ fishermen and assistant motorists improved on board the commercial fleet during two or three years, applying a strict control of their activities during this first phase of their commercial fishing life.

3. The training during one year at the FTCM, with emphasis on practical knowledges, of about 20 grade ‘D’ fishermen up to grade ‘C’ second lieutenants (Mestre Pescador local) and of about 10 grade ‘D’ assistant motorist to up grade ‘C’ motorist.

4. The practical experience of grade ‘C’ second lieutenants and motorists improved on board the commercial fleet during one year, applying a strict control of their activities during this second phase of their commercial fishing life.

5. The training during one year at the FTCM, with emphasis on practical knowledges, of about 20 grade ‘C’ second lieutenants up to grade ‘B’ lieutenant (Mestre Pescador Costeiro), and of about 10 grade ‘C’ motorists up to grade ‘B’ motorists.

6. The practical experience of grade ‘B’ lieutenants and motorists improved on board the commercial fleet during one year, applying a strict control of their activities during this third phase of their commercial fishing life, in order to make available for attendance to grade ‘A’ at schools with superior levels, for exemple at the Nautical School (1) about 10 lieutenants and about 5 motorists.

7. The training, in the local fishing conditions, of about 10 new teachers recruited among FTCM graduates presently coming back from their training abroad, to the level required for working in the FTCM and for controling activities of new graduates on board the commercial fleet.

8. The training of the 9 technical teachers presently working in the FTCM in practical local fishing operations, to the level required for improving their outputs at the FTCM and for controlling activities of graduates on board the commercial fleet.

9. The upgrading of about 30 fishermen, skippers and motorists of the commercial fishing fleet attending short practical courses when the need arises (2).

(1) The Nautical School in Maputo created in 1984 with financial assistance of the Government of Norway, is supervised by IMCO and prepares students to the higher level of the Merchant Fleet.
(2) This is a tentative output however, considering budgetary limitation logistical difficulties and priorities of the new programme (see Section F).

With regard to the above points, the Centre will cooperate with the Ministry of Ports and Land Transport and the SEP in the scope of mutual understanding in the determination of proper criteria of certification and periods of practice needed for graduation of fishermen.

2. Quality Control and Fish Processing

1. Consolidation of the programme for establishing of an official inspection with the drafting of the necessary documentation and the implementation of official procedures for the sampling, testing and certification of consignments of fish products for export.

2. Extension of quality control procedures to the three local centres (NCQ), and further to the handling of shrimp at sea.

3. Training of staff of the Institute of Fisheries Research in fish technology.

4. The formulation of a development programme for the optimum utilization of the country's fishery resources by the application of improved and new handling and processing practices.

3. Technical Support to the SEP

• Improved capabilities of the SEP for solving specific technical problems.

Period 1990–1991

The outputs to be produced by this Project at the end of a two years period covering 1990 and 1991 are the following (see Annex 1 for. explanation of graduates' flow):

1. Skill Development

   1. As to new entrants, about 60 grade ‘D’ fishermen and 30 grade ‘D’ assistant motorists.

   2. About 40 grade ‘D’ fishermen and 25 grade ‘D’ assistant motorists up to grade ‘C’ second lieutenants and motorists.

   3. About 5 grade ‘C’ second lieutenants and 3 grade ‘C’ motorists up to grade ‘B’ lieutenants and motorists.

   4. The preparation at sea for attendance to grade ‘A’ at schools with superior levels of about 13 grade ‘B’ lieutenants and 10 grade ‘B’ motorists.

   5. Upgrading of FTCM technical teachers capabilities will be pursued as required.

2. Quality Control and Fish Processing

   No outputs are foreseen as the Project will terminate its activities in this field by the end of 1988.

3. Technical Support to SEP

   Improved capabilities of the SEP for solving specific technical problems-

F. Activities

Period 1987–1989

The new programme includes four components : young fishermen's training, teacher's training, fish inspection quality control and processing, and support to the SEP for specific fisheries technical matters.

Because of the difficulties created by the present conjuncture, in particular in the field of transport and administration, the Fish Inspection and Quality Control component, which is based in Beira, is kept under administrative responsability and coordination of the Project Coordinator whom office is at SEP headquarters in Naputo.

The new programme now emphasizes quality of training for industrial and semi-industrial fishermen and quality of teacher's capabilities for pursuing soon their duty without external technical support. In consideration of budgetary limitations, the programme cannot disperse its limited strengths. Consequently, less importance is given to some of the activities of Phase II, in particular the training of persons who were not former students of the FTCM, of the skippers/ mechanics, of the artisanal fishery (who are trained by other projects), and of the fishing gear makers.

For the same reason the new programme, as far as possible, does not consider the scholar up-grading of new recruits from general education 4th to 6th level during their first year of attendance to the FTCM.

In consideration of the leading role of skippers' talents in the optimal exploitation of any operational fishing boats, there is a need for the widest possible selection of efficient elements in this speciality, through strong competition among its members. This, added to the fact that motorist and engineer professions are generally less competitive and more stable, entails for the new programme the production of a number of graduates greater for the responsabilities of the bridge than for those of the engine-room.

The new orientation given to fishermen's training makes that this programme, as it was established during Phase II, needs some important ammendments. These will be introduced in the new programme at the beginning of Phase III by the entire FTCM teaching personnel.

1. Skill Development

As summarized in Annexes II and III, there are six main lines of training and advancement for fishermen. There is only one line of training for FTCM teachers. A set of practical upgrading courses for fishermen, skippers and motorists of the commercial fishing fleet is also tentatively contemplated.

As to training and advancement of fishermen, the main lines are the following:

• Grade ‘D’ fishermen = two years in FTCM followed up by two or three years of controled training in the commercial fleet.

• Grade ‘D’ assistant motorists = the same time table.

• Grade ‘C’ second lieutenants = one year in the FTCM followed by one year of controled training in the commercial fleet.

• Grade ‘C’ motorists = the same time table.

• Grade ‘B’ lieutenants = one year in the FTCM followed by two years of controled training in the commercial fleet, preparing access to higher level schools, for example, the Nautical School in Maputo, for preparation of the full skipper degree (Grade ‘A’).

• Grade ‘B’ motorists = the same time table for preparation to attendance to superior schools and preparation of the engineer degrees (Grade ‘A’).

Teacher's training will consist, for each teacher, of a six months period on board the commercial fleet operating in Mozambican waters : one month on semi-industrial boats, two months on shrimpers of about 150 GT, and three months on different trawlers ranging from 300 to 800 GT.

Broad outlines of training curricula and activities for each grade and for practical training of the teachers are given in Annex IV.

2. Quality Control and Fish Technology

The inspection and certification activities of the Fish Inspection and Quality Control will be consolidated and put on a formal basis. Quality control standards which can be incorporated into official regulations will be written. Official procedures for sampling, testing and certification of export consignments will be drawn up.

The quality control activities of the Service will be extended to emphasize the importance of the control of quality during handling at sea. Two shrimp processing experts will train fishermen at the EMOPESCA enterprises at Beira and Quelimane in correct procedures for processing shrimp at sea and supervise the inspection and quality control of shrimp on discharge from the catchers.

The expert stationed at Beira will develop revised procedures for handling shrimp at sea with the objective of better assurance to the quality of the product. The expert will train counterpart staff in technical aspects of shrimp processing and handling.

Personal from the Institute of Fisheries Research will receive practical experience and training overseas in fish technology.

A development programme for introducing improved and new handling and processing methods will be prepared with the aim of improving the quality and variety of products available for local consumption and for utilizing to the full the country's aquatic resources.

3. Technical Support to the SEP

As in the past, continued assistance will be provided to improve the managerial and planning capacity of the structures in charge of fishery development. This will be achieved through the provision of expertise to be delivered by the project in the required fields of assistance.

Period 1990–1991

During this period Project's activities will remain the same as for the period 1987-1989 for skill development and technical support to the SEP. The execution of quality control and fish technology ending in 1988, no activities will take place in this field.

G. Inputs

1. Government Inputs

The Government will operate the premises of the FTCM, providing the staff required for their maintenance and operation.

The Government will provide 19 technical teachers, and 9 monitors to assist with technical instruction. Each expatriate expert will have one or several counterparts among teachers and monitors.

The Government will furthermore provide for sea training the T/B CANOPUS and two 8–10 m fishing boats. T/B CANOPUS will have a basic crew of 4.

The Government will be responsible for a monthly stipend for the trainees and for their boarding at the FTCM. It will be also responsible for providing room to the graduates on board the commercial fishing fleet and to the teachers who will be themselves trained and who, later on, will follow up and control graduates training in this fleet. The Government will ensure that, during the periods when the teachers will give practical training to the graduates and/or control their activities on board the commercial fleet, full cooperation of the commercial crew will exist in order to facilitate this task (Annex IV).

Regarding the FIQCS, the Government will operate its laboratory, provide the staff required for its maintenance and operation, in particular the counterpart personnel for the fish inspection and fish processing experts in Beira and Quelimane.

The Government will provide maintenance for land vehicles attached to the FTCM and Fish Inspection, and ensure adequate fuel supply to project boats and vehicles.

2. UNDP Inputs

1. Personnel ( qualification and terms of reference in Annex V)

   1. Project Coordinator (36 m/m from 1987 to 1989)

      He will be responsible for the supervision and effective implementation of the overall project, as well as for all aspects of administration and liaison with the Government, with particular attention to the practical training of the graduates in the commercial fleet and to their professional status when they are working in the fishing companies.

   2. Project Manager - Senior Training Officer (24 m/m in 1990 and 1991)

      He will be responsible for supervision and effective implementation of the overall project. In close cooperation with the FTCM's director, he will be responsible for all aspects of administration and liaison with the Government. He will be furthermore responsible for the planning, advice and participation in the organization and execution of the training programme, on board the FTCM fleet and the commercial fishing fleet. He will technically coordinate the work of the other national and expatriate instructors and will deliver a number of courses on fishery navigation, fishing methods and seamanship. He will also upgrade the technical knowledges of the national teachers.

   3. Senior Training Adviser (36 m/m from 1987 to 1989)

      Under the supervision and in close cooperation with the Project Coordinator and FTCM's director, he will be responsible for the planning, advice and participation in the organization and execution of the training programme. He will technically coordinate the work of the other national and expatriate instructors and will deliver a number of courses on fishery navigation, fishing methods and seamanship. He will also upgrade the technical knowledges of the national teachers.

   4. Sea Training Expert (36 m/m from 1987 to 1989)

      This expert will be responsible for planning, supervising and conducting the sea-going fishing training carried out on board the FTCM's fishing training vessels. He will be skipper/instructor of one training vessel and will be responsible for technical supervision of activities of the other training vessels attached to the FTCM.

   5. Fishing Gear Technologist (36 m/m from 1987 to 1989)

      This expert will have as his area of work responsability of the shore-based instruction programme in fishing methods. seamanship, fishing gear construction and repair, assisted by national counterparts. He will collaborate closely with the sea training expert to ensure a good coordination between shore-based instruction and practice at sea.

   6. Naval Engineer Instructor (36 m/m from 1987 to 1989)

      He will be responsible for instruction and practical training of the FTCM's trainees in the use of hand machine tools, metal-working (including welding), operation and maintenance and normal repairs of internal combustion motors, as well as operation maintenance and normal repair of the various fishing vessel auxiliary systems, including electricals, hydraulics, refrigeration and general ship maintenance.

   7. Marine Engineer Maintenance and Instruction (60 m/m from 1987 to 1991)

      The expert will be responsible for the proper running operations, maintenance and repairs of the fishing vessels as well as for the mechanic equipment attached to the FTCM. In his work he will use the more advanced mechanic trainees as much as possible, and devote particular attention to the technical instruction of trainees and of his national counterparts. When not needed for vessel maintenance and repairs, the expert will assist with the practical training courses ashore.

   8. Skipper (60 m/m from 1987 to 1991)

      This expert will command the T/B CANOPUS. Therefore, he will be responsible for the safety of this boat and of all the personnel embarked on board, at sea and in port. During sea going fishing training he will be responsible for the execution of all fishing operations. He will therefore collaborate with the sea training expert, in particular for all training linked to bridge activities: navigation, operation of electronic aids, watches, fishing manoeuvres, docking manoeuvres, etc.

   9. Ship's Engineer (60 m/m from 1987 to 1991)

      He will be responsible for the operation and maintenace of all machineries of the T/B CANOPUS, at sea and in port. He will participate to their repair, in cooperation with the Marine Engineer.

   10. Quality Control/Fish Inspection Expert (24 m/m in 1987 and 1988)

       This expert will consolidate the work of Phase II in the inspection and certification of fish products for export. In particular, the expert will concentrate on preparing quality standards for fish products establishing formal procedures for sampling, testing and certification of batches of fish products, and on writing instruction manuals and codes of practice for the handling and processing of shrimp, and other fish products, for export. The expert will also organize and supervise activities related to training in onboard handling of shrimps, of technical staff working in the units of Quality Control existing in the national enterprise EMOPESCA (Angoche, Quelimane and Beira).

   11. Shrimp Processing Experts (2) (48 m/m in 1987 and 1988)

       These experts based, one each, at Beira and Quelimane, will be responsible for training fishermen in correct procedures for handling and processing shrimp on board the shrimp trawlers. They will also supervise the inspection and quality control of shrimps landed by the fishing vessels at the enterprises in these two ports.

   12. Consultants (22 m/m)

       Twenty-two man/months are budgeted for the period 1987–1991. These will be used in support to the FTCM for technical monitoring of its training activities and intensive short courses for the national teachers, on shore and at sea (10 m/m), in support of the IIP (6 m/m), and in support to the development efforts in the various activities of the sector (6 m/m).

   13. Administrative support (120 m/m)

       An Administrative officer and a Clerk typist will be assigned to the Project's Office.

2. Training

   Provision is made for fellowships training abroad, on-the-job training and training courses organized locally.

3. Equipment and Supplies

   Provisions are made for the purchases including imported spare parts for project training boats (US$ 135.000), equipment for FTCM (US$ 50.000), insurance of T/B CANOPUS and other Project boats (US$ 104.000) fishing gear (US$ 70.000), equipment for FQCIS (US$15.000), vehicles for personnel transport (US$20.000).

   An average of US$16.000 per year is budgeted for miscellaneous requirements : vehicles operation, reports, etc.

H. Preparation of Work Plan

A detailed Work Plan for the implementation of the Project will be prepared by the Project Manager in consultation with the national counterpart. This will be done at the start of the Project. Periodic reviews of the exact work plan, to be agreed by all the parties involved, will be undertaken. The agreed upon Work Plan will be attached to the Project Document as Annex VI and will be considered as part of that document.

I. PREPARATION OF THE FRAMEWORK FOR EFFECTIVE PARTICIPATION OF NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL STAFF IN THE PROJECT

The activities necessary to produce the indicated outputs and achieve the Project's immediate objective will be carried out jointly by the national and international staff assigned to it. The respective roles of the national and international staff will be determined by their leaders, by mutual discussion and agreement, at the beginning of the Project, and set out in a Framework for Effective Participation of National and International Staff in the Project. The Framework, which will be attached to the Project Document as Annex VII, will be reviewed from time to time. The respective roles of the national and international staff shall be in accordance with the established concept and specific purpose of technical cooperation.

J. DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT COMMUNICATIONS

None.

K. INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK

Recently the Government of Mozambique reorganized the Fisheries Administration in such a way that there are now eight units directly under the authority of the Secretary of State for Fisheries :

1. The Directorate for Economy (DE)
2. The Directorate for Human Resource (DRH)
3. The Technical Directorate (DT)
4. The Directing Unit for Small Scale Fisheries (UDPPE)
5. The Sofala Fishery Service (SPS)
6. The Maputo Fishery Service (SPCM)
7. The Institute for Fisheries Research (IIP)
8. The Fisheries Training Centre (FTCM)

The Project will mainly operate within the FTCM (Fishery training team) but also within the other units such as the IIP (quality control and fish technology activities), the coordination of its activities being ensured by the Project Coordinator, from 1987 to 1989, and the Project Manager - Training officer in 1990–1991.

The Project will have a very close link with the personnel of all other projects working for the development of inland and inshore fisheries, particularly with other bilateral assistance programmes to small scale fisheries.

L. PRIOR OBLIGATION AND PREREQUISITES

In order to improve the quality of professional training, the Government, as far as possible, will ensure that the new recruits will be in possession of their 6th general education level when beginning attendance at FTCM.

The Government will ensure that, during the periods when the teachers will give practical training to the graduates, and/or control their activities on board the commercial fleet, full cooperation of the commercial crews will exist in order to facilitate this task.

Also, the Government will ensure the cooperation of the fishing companies in controlling the develópment of graduates' professional situation during the different phases of their commercial fishing life, between grade ‘D’ and the beginning of attendance to grade ‘A’.

M. FUTURE UNDP ASSISTANCE

Future UNDP assistance will be considered upon completion of the Project, if necessary, and subject to resources availability.

PART III     SCHEDULES OF MONITORING, EVALUATION AND REPORTS

A. Tripartite Monitoring Reviews, Technical Reviews

The Project will be subject to periodic review in accordance with the policies and procedures established by UNDP for monitoring project and programme implementation.

B. Evaluation

The Project will be subjected to evaluation, in accordance with the policies and procedures established for this purpose by UNDP. The organization, terms of reference and timing of the evaluation will be decided by consultation between the Government, UNDP and the Executing Agency concerned.

C. Progress and Terminal Reports

Periodic Progress Reports will be submitted by the Project Manager on training, quality control and fish inspection, and general support activities in accordance with UNDP policies and procedures.

An Agency terminal report will be prepared and submitted upon completion of the Project in accordance with UNDP policies and procedures.

PROJECT BUDGET COVERING UNDP CONTRIBUTION
(in US Dollars)

(*) Includes funds to be utilized also for buying clothes and cleaning material for FTCM Trainees.

PROJECT BUDGET COVERING GOVERNMENT CONTRIBUTION
(in Contos - 1,000 meticais) (*)

* Costings do not cover inflation

Graduates Flow at FTCM

         Training at school
_ _ _ _ _ Training at sea in the commercial fleet
(1) Number of entrants and graduates
(2) Due to reduced number of attendants, course B is given to two groups C in 1988
Grade A take place in another school

Training stages and careers

ANNEX 2

ANNEX 3

ENGINEROOM
Training Stages and Careers

AM = Assistant Motorist

ANNEX IV

BROAD OUTLINES OF CURRICULA AND
ACTIVITIES FOR TRAINEES AND TEACHERS TRAINING

1. INTRODUCTORY COURSE AND TRAINEES ORIENTATION AT FTCM

This course will be given to about 350 young people leaving the 6th Class. It will beging with an introductory period of one month during which very basical technical education will be given to the attendants. This education will essentially explain how a fishing boat works, above and below deck, how fishing gear is operated and how it works in the water. During the three following months the attendants will participate to simple practical works on shore and at sea, on board the three project boats. This will permit to test them, to find their capacities regarding the conditions of work and life at sea, to determine their professional orientation in accordance with their talents and vocation.

2. FISHERMEN

2.1 Grade ‘D’ Course for Fisherman at FTCM (2 years)

This course will be given to about 200 students admitted after the introductory period. It will last 20 months and will turn out 150 Grade ‘D’ fishermen. Training will be essentially practical, with about 90 sea days for each student, on board the project boats and fishing boats of the commercial fleet, under control of sea-going FTCM's national teachers in this latter case.

Training on shore will continue in general accordance with the curriculum applied during Phase II. The essential topics of practical sea-training will be:

1. Deck

   • Participate in all deck operations related with shooting and handling fishing gear, including winches operation.

   • Participate in the maintenance and repair of fishing gear.

   • Participate to the care of the catch, including in the fish hold.

2. Bridge

   • Steer along a given course.

   • Participate to the watch while steaming, fishing, heaving to, drifting or at anchor.

   • Read the echosounder and the radar.

   • Find ship's position by dead reckoning, by visual or radar bearings, by radar distances, by depth.

   • Operate boat controls in case of emergency.

3. Life on board

   • Apply general discipline rules.

   • Carry out ship's tidiness

   • Participate in galley works.

Training will be completed on shore by active participation in ship's tidiness, maintenance, painting and watches.

2.2 Grade ‘D’ Fisherman's Training in the Commercial Fleet

During this phase grade ‘D’ fishermen will pursue their practical training programme in the same topics as those given above, on board the commercial fleet. The main problem will be to ensure that this training will be really performed, and that graduates will not be relegated only to jobs with no necessity to great skill, such as the sorting and cleaning of the catch for example.

Therefore, an agreement should be made between the FTCM and the fishing companies. This agreement should fix a definite programme through which graduates will continue holding all the jobs and responsabilities for which they received grade ‘D’ education at FTCM, while they are working in the commercial fleet.

To strengthen this process, a specific bonus should be conceded to the skippers responsible to execute the programme. Control of this execution, and of graduates progress and abilities, should be obtained through three means : short periodic reports of activities by the graduates themselves, periodic mark form filled by the skippers or fishing companies for each graduate and each topic, and a periodic stay of FTCM national teachers on board the commercial boats.

This latter control will be of particular importance as it will permit to evaluate the veracity of the two other ones and therefore, to apply correcting measures if the need applies. This procedure will also intensify training on board, as the teachers will assist the skipper in this activity.

2.3 Grade ‘C’ Course for fishermen at FTCM (1 year)

This course will be given to about 60 grade ‘D’ fishermen after their 2 or 3 years training phase in the commercial fleet, and will turn about 60 second lieutenants. Training on shore will continue in general accordance with the curriculum applied during Phase II. However, maximum emphasis will be given to practical training at sea, as much as possible for about 50 days for each student, on board the project boats and fishing boats of the commercial fleet, under control of sea-going national teachers in this latter case.

The essential topics of practical sea-training will be:

1. Deck

   • Take command of the winches, of deck operations for shooting and handling fishing gear, for fishing gear maintenance and repairs and for the care of the catch.

2. Bridge

   • Operate boat controls in shooting and handling manoeuvres and take simulated command of these manoeuvres (1)

   • Operate boat controls in coming along side and casting off and take simulated command of these manoeuvres.

   • Organize and take responsability of the watches while steaming, fishing, heaving to, drifting or at anchor.

   • Operate echosounder, radar, radio and autohelm.

   • Find ship's latitude by meridian observation of the Sun, ship's position by latitude and dead reckoning and/or depth, and/or radar bearing.

   • Calculate true course to steam from one position to another.

3. Life on board

   • Organize and apply discipline and tidiness.

4. On shore

   • Organize and apply ship's maintenance and painting.

   • Organize and take responsability of the watches

   • Prepare orders for bunkering, ice and food supplies and control deliveries.

(1) In simulated command the student operates under close and constant control and guidance of the Captain.

2.4 Grade ‘C’ Fisherman's Training in the Commercial Fleet (1 year)

The concept and procedure given for grade ‘D’ will be applied for grade ‘C’ with particular attention to the fact that graduates will hold jobs and responsabilities in accordance with their grade ‘C’ education at FTCM.

2.5 Grade ‘B’ Course for Fisherman at FTCM (1 year)

This course will be given to about 25 grade ‘C’ fishermen after their one year grade ‘C’ training in the commercial fleet and will turn out about 25 lieutenants. Training will follow the same procedure as for grade ‘C’.

The essential topics of practical sea-training will be:

1. Bridge

   • Take simulated complete command of the ship for entire fishing trips, from casting off to coming back alongside, including trip preparation, selection of fishing grounds and tactics and fishing operations.

   • Find ship's latitude and longitude by observations of the Sun and running, and/or by simultaneous observation of several stars and/or planets (1).

   • Operate Navsat.

   • Carry out routine maintenance of all electronics.

2. On shore

   • Organize catch landing.

   • Give orders for care of the ship in port and for preparation of next trip, and control execution.

(1) Using hand computer for navigation.

2.6 Grade ‘B’ Fisherman's Training in the Commercial Fleet (2 years)

The concept and procedure given for grade ‘D’ will be applied for grade ‘B’.

3. MOTORISTS

3.1 Grade ‘D’ Course for Motorist at FTCM (2 years)

This course will be given to about 100 students admitted after the introductory period. It will last for 20 months and will turn out about 70 grade ‘D’ motorists. Duration and procedure of practical sea-training will be as for the fishermen. During this training, the essential topics will be:

• Participate in engineroom watches and in maintenance and repair works of all machinery at sea and on shore.

• Start and stop auxiliary engines of about 40 HP, with complementary equipments.

Life on board

• Apply general discipline rules.

• Carry out ship's tidiness.

• Participate in galley works.

3.2 Grade ‘D’ Motorist's Training in the Commercial Fleet (3 years)

The same concept and procedure as for fishermen adapted to motorists (Para.2.2).

3.3 Grade ‘C’ Course for Motorist at FTCM (1 year)

This course will be given to about 35 grade ‘D’ students and turn out about 35 grade ‘C’ motorists. Duration and procedure of practical sea-training will be as for fishermen, with necessary adaptations for motorists. During this training, principal topics will be:

• Start, watch and stop all machinery on board.

• Take simulated responsability of watches with a lower grade assistant under command (1).

• Participate in maintenance and repair work of all machineries, at sea and on shore.

• Prepare list of bunkering, maintenance and repair needs.

(1) In simulated responsability, the student operates under close and constant control and guidance of the Chief Engineer.

3.4 Grade ‘C’ Motorist's Training in the Commercial Fleet (1 year)

The same concept and procedure as for Motorists adapted to grade ‘C’ (Para.3.3)

3.5 Grade ‘B’ Course for Motorist at FTCM (1 year)

This course will be given to about 13 grade ‘C’ students and turn out about the same number of grade ‘B’ motorists. During this course emphasis should be given to practical training in repair works at FTCM workshops. At sea, the student will take simulated complete responsability of the machineries, including trip preparation, maintenance and repairs.

4. TEACHERS

Each national teacher should work on board the local commercial fleet, in his speciality, for at least 6 months and, if possible, for one year. In order to ensure a high level training, and also to avoid possible misunderstandings with the skippers and motorists of EMOPESCA, who do not hold regular tickets, training in the joint-venture fleet should be preferred.

To strengthen this process, some kind of bonus should be conceded to the fishing officers responsible for executing the programme and, possibily, to the fishing companies accepting the trainees on board their fleet.

Control of training and of trainees progress should be obtained through three means: periodic reports of activities by the trainees themselves, periodic appraisal reports by the fishing officers taking the programme in charge and a periodic stay on board the fleet of FTCM sea training expert; fishing gear technologist and naval engineer. The interest of this latter control will be the same as those indicated for the fishermen (Para.2.2).

Concept and procedure of Teacher's Training at sea should be broadly the same as those exposed for fishermen and motorists, with more teaching intensity however, and with the objective that teachers could take simulated command and responsabilities in their speciality, by the end of the programme.

QUALIFICATIONS AND TERMS OF REFERENCE OF
THE EXPATRIATE PERSONNEL

01. Project Coordinator

In conjunction with the National Counterparts, the Project Coordinator will:

1. Be responsible for the general management of the Project.

2. Coordinate the work of the different specialists in all training activities in the Fishing Training Centre.

3. Coordinate the control of the practical training of graduates in the commercial fleet.

4. Coordinate the work of the specialists working in the field of Quality Control and Fish Inspection.

5. Teach in the subject areas of his speciality.

6. Coordinate the assistance of the Project with the Government of Mozambique in its efforts to carry out other fisheries development projects, and provide technical advice as requested.

7. Advise the Director of the Institute for Fishery Research and the Director of the Training Centre in matters related with the Project.

02. Senior Training Officer

Under the supervision and in close cooperation with the Project Coordinator and other assigned staff of the Secretariat of State for Fisheries, the Senior Training Officer will:

1. Be responsible for the planning, advise and participation in the organization of the training courses running on in the Fisheries Training Center, including those aimed at the up-grading of the teachers.

2. Be also responsible for the preparation of the training programme in the commercial fleet.

3. Coordinate and supervise the international staff working in the Fisheries Training Center.

4. Deliver a number of courses on fishery navigation, fishing methods and seamanship to the trainees and up-grading courses to the teachers.

03. Project Manager - Senior Training Officer

In conjunction with the national counterparts, this expert will:

1. Be responsible for the general management of the Project.

2. Be responsible for the planning, advice and participation in the organization of the training courses running on at the Fisheries Training Centre, and training programmes taking place in the commercial fleet including those aimed at the up-grading of the teachers.

3. Coordinate and control the work of expatriate specialists and national teachers working at the Fisheries Training Centre and in the commercial fleet.

4. Deliver a number of courses on fishery navigation, fishing methods and seamanship to the trainees and up-grading courses to the teachers.

5. Coordinate the assistance of the Project with the Government of Mozambique in its efforts to carry out other fisheries development projects, and provide technical advice as requested.

6. Advise the Director of the Institute for Fishery Research and the Director of the Training Centre in matters related with the Project.

04. Sea Training Expert

This specialist under the general supervision of the Project Coordinator and the Senior Training Officer will :

1. Be responsible for planning, supervision and conducting the sea going training connected with fishing carried out on board the Center's fishing training vessels, with particular attention to the training activities of T/B CANOPUS.

2. Be skipper/instructor of one of the training vessels.

05. Fishing Gear Technologist

This specialist under the general supervision of the Project Coordinator and working directly under the direction of the Senior Training Officer will:

1. Be responsible of the shore-based instruction programme in fishing methods, seamanship, small scale and industrial fishing gear construction and repair.

2. Collaborate closely with the Sea Training Expert to ensure a good coordination between shore based instruction and practice at sea.

06. Naval Engineer/Instructor

This expert under general supervision of the Project Coordinator and working directly under the direction of the Senior Training Officer will:

1. Be responsible for instruction and practical training of the Center's trainees in the use of hand machine tools, metal-working (including welding), operation and maintenance and normal repairs of internal combustion motors, as well as operation maintenance and normal repair of the various fishing vessel auxiliary systems, including electricals, hydraulics, refrigeration and general ship maintenance.

2. Collaborate closely with the Marine Engineer (Maintenance and Instruction) to ensure a good coordination between theoretical and practical shore based instruction and practice under normal or simulated condition on board.

07. Marine Engineer (Maintenance and Instruction)

This specialist under the general supervision of the Project Coordinator and the Senior Training Officer will:

1. Be responsible for the proper running operations and maintenance of the fishing vessels as well as for the mechanical equipment attached to the Training Center.

2. The expert also when not needed for vessels maintenance and repairs will assist with the practical training courses ashore.

3. Collaborate closely with the marine engineer/instructor in order to assure a good equilibrium between theoretical education and practical training.

08. Skipper

This specialist, under general supervision of the Project Coordinator and the Senior Training Officer will :

1. Command T/B CANOPUS and be responsible for the safety of this boat and all the personnel embarked on board, at sea and on shore.

2. Be responsible for executing fishing operations during sea-going training.

3. Collaborate closely with the sea training expert, in particular for all training related to bridge activities.

09. Ship's Engineer

This specialist, under general supervision of the Project Coordinator and under command of the Skipper will:

1. Be responsible for the operation and maintenance of all machineries on board T/B CANOPUS, at sea and in port.

2. Be responsible for participating in all repairs, in close collaboration with the Marine Enginner (Maintenance and Instruction).

3. Participate in sea going training for motorists.

10. Quality Control/Fish Inspection Expert

This specialist, under general supervision of the Project Coordinator, will:

1. Consolidate the activities of the Fish Inspection and Quality Control Service and in particular will prepare the necessary documentation required to give the Service an official regulatory status.

2. Assist the Service in developing quality control procedures within the EMOPESCA enterprises through the activities of the Nuclei for Quality Control.

3. Train personnel of the Service and of the Nuclei for Quality Control in procedures for the inspection, sampling, testing and certification of exported fish products.

4. Organize and supervise activities of the two shrimp processing experts.

11. Shrimp Processing Expert (2)

This specialist, under general supervision of the Project Coordinator, and direct supervision of the Quality Control Fish Inspection Expert, will:

1. Train fishermen in procedures for handling and processing of shrimp on board fishing vessels in order to produce high quality products; and

2. Supervisie procedures for the inspection and quality control of shrimp, according to standards and codes of practice laid down by the Fish Inspection and Quality Control Service.