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Appendix. Selected invasive alien species affecting forestry eco-systems

Species

Origin

Where introduced

Trees affected

Indicative Sources

Cypress aphis, Cinara cupressivora

SE Europe

Southern and Eastern Africa

Cupressus, Juniperus, Widdringtonia

Case Study 1

Pine woolly aphid, Pineus boerneri

 

Southern and Eastern Africa

Pinus

Case Study 1

Pine needle aphid, Eulachnus rileyi

 

Southern and Eastern Africa

Pinus

Case Study 1

Chestnut blight, Endothia parasitica

China

North America, Europe

American and European chestnuts, Castanea dentate, C. sativa

Case Study 2

Dutch elm disease, Ophiostoma ulmi

Asia

Europe, North America

Elms, Ulmus spp.

Case Study 8

Eucalyptus weevil, Gonipterus gibberus

Australia

Southern Africa and other areas

Eucalyptus spp.

Case Study 14

Gypsy Moth, Lymantria dispar

Europe

North America

Many deciduous trees

http://www.fs.fed.us/ne/morgantown/4557/gmoth/

Hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae

Asia

North America

Hemlock (Tsuga spp.)

http://www.fs.fed.us/na/morgantown/fhp/hwa/hwasite.html

Orthezia scale, Orthezia insignis

South America

St Helena and through tropics

Gumwood, Commidendrum robustum

Case Study 13

Asian longhorned beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis

China

North America (Chicago, New York, New Jersey)

Hardwoods, especially maples (Acer spp.)

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/oa/alb/alb.html;

Case Study 21

Emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis

Eastern Asia

North America (Michigan, Ontario)

Ash (Fraxinus spp.)

http://www.na.fs.fed.us/spfo/pubs/pest_al/eab/eab.htm

Pine shoot beetle, Tomicus piniperda

Europe

North America (eastern USA and Canada)

Pinus spp.

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/oa/pubs/fspsb.html


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