The Government of Indonesia, assisted by the United Nations Development Programme and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, have been engaged in the Fisheries Development and Management Project (INS/72/064), whose main purpose was to increase foreign exchange earnings from the fishing industry, improve domestic marketing and promote rational utilization of stocks; to provide advisory services in biology, resource management and other appropriate related fields; to implement exploratory fishing operations and monitoring and evaluation of results.
As part of the project operation, FAO assigned Dr. Tadashi Yamamoto, a Fishery Statistician, from 1 August 1973 to 31 December 1978, with the following terms of reference:
“to assist with the design and implementation of the fishery census 1973, on which work has already been initiated. As soon as possible (1) review and evaluate the presently existing system concerned with the measurement of all current statistics (landings, fishing effort, utilization and production, prices) necessary for the administration and development of the fisheries in Indonesia; (2) propose and implement improvements to the current system giving special emphasis to sampling techniques and ensuring the continuity over time in the statistics provided by the current system and the revises system respectively; to advise on the design of sample surveys to provide length data, etc., required for stock assesment studies; deal with any other fishery statistical matters as they arise.”
This report discusses the survey system of the new national fishery production survey which has been implemented since April 1976. The main objectives of the survey were to provide estimates of the total fish catch, by species, type of gear, etc., with reasonable accuracy.
For the implementation of the fishery production survey, a series of handbooks dealing with fishery statistical concepts, instructions and manuals were prepared. The above material provides information on standards used and the operational aspects of the survey.
The design aspect of the survey is described in the following chapters of this report. The report is expected to be a useful reference for improvements of the surveys in the future. Discussed initially are general matters which directly or indirectly influenced the formulation of the new survey.
As seen in Table 1, Indonesia is divided into 27 provinces. Each province is further divided into a number of districts. Each district is subdivided into a number of subdistricts, and a number of villages exist in each subdistrict.
| National administration | Fishery administration | National Statistical system |
| Indonesia as a whole | Directorate General of Fisheries (DGF)1 | Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS)2 |
| ↓ | ↓ | ↓ |
| Provinces (27) (Propinsi) | Fishery Service at Province level | CBS Branch at Province level |
| ↓ | ↓ | ↓ |
| Districts (Ca. 260) (Regency) | Fishery Service at District level | CBS Branch at District level |
| ↓ | ↓ | ↓ |
| Subdistricts (Kecamatan) | Fishery Extension Officer | Statistical Officer |
| ↓ | ||
| Villages (Desa) |
1 Part of Ministry of Agriculture
2 Part of Prime Minister's office
The Directorate General of Fisheries (DGF), which is a directorate of the Ministry of Agriculture, is the central body for fishery administration. For many decades local fishery administrative organizations have been well developed. On a provincial level there is an office of the Fishery Service - which has a branch office in each district.
The staff, including officials in charge of fishery statistics, are assigned to these offices. At each subdistrict at least one fishery extension officer is stationed. He serves both the chief of the Fishery Service at district level, and the chief of the subdistrict office. One of his responsibilities is the collection of fishery statistics. He is usually a graduate of either senior high school or junior high school.
According to the national law of statistics, No. 7, 1960, for the development of any kind of statistics, Indonesia follows a policy of centralization. This means that the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) is responsible for any kind of statistics, including fisheries. Therefore, within the CBS there is a Fishery Statistics Section, operating under the Agriculture Statistics Division. Because of limitations of staff and budget, the development of fishery statistics is the responsibility of both the CBS and the DGF. Currently, the CBS is responsible for fishery censuses and the like and the DGF is responsible for the current fishery statistics.
At present, daily air services are available from Jakarta to the capital of almost every province. A dial telephone call is possible among some major cities but internal communications within some provinces are often poorly developed. National roads linking provincial and district capitals are fairly well developed but feeder roads connecting such trunk roads and fishing villages are often poorly developed. Such roads are usually unpaved and poorly maintained. Thus, communication with the fishing villages is difficult and during the rainy season, often not possible.
For many years the fishery statistics of Indonesia have been complied according to the following subsectors:
Marine fishery
Inland water fishery:
Inland open water fishery (capture)
Culture:
Of these subsectors of the Indonesian Fisheries, the marine fishery and brackishwater fish culture are considered as the priority areas for development. Marine culture has not yet been commercially developed, except pearl culture.
