The planning and design process is always tailored towards the needs of the individual project. Just as no two projects are exactly alike, the variations in emphasis within the process differ considerably.
The phases and steps outlined in this document describe almost every aspect of project development and outline the needs of subsequent project implementation. There are often occasions when certain steps can be omitted. However, it is preferable to consider all phases and every step in every project, and then to change the level of emphasis given to every component according to the size of the individual project and its complexity. This prevents omitting any vital analytical process.
The time and money spent on the planning and design process (as illustrated in Tables 2a and 2b) depends on the size and complexity of the project.
For a simple and relatively inexpensive project (in the range of US$ 50 000-250 000) as much as 15% of the project budget and 65% of elapsed time should be allowed for the planning and design process.
For large and complex facilities (in the range of US$ 2-10 million), as much as 10-12% of the project budget and 40% of elapsed time may be required.
The effort given to bioprogramming (Phase I) should require 5-10% of commitment of the project budget. However, the effort must be carefully conducted and time provided for reviews and confirmations. As much as 33% of the total project development time may go into Phase I on simple, inexpensive projects.
These figures, for the allocation of project budget and time, are only given as guidelines. They are intended primarily to convey the attention and commitment which must be given to planning and design; attention and commitment which, in the past, have often been overlooked to the detriment of the investments which were being made. They also demonstrate the change in emphasis which is often required in project development.
In summary, money and time spent in careful project development of aquaculture facilities always pay dividends on the investment, regardless of the source of the funds. Well-documented project planning and design provides a solid foundation for any project, and also benefits all future projects by establishing and adopting standards for the sector.
Table 2a Typical Development Time Allocation (expressed as percentage of total)
|
|
Small Project (18 months) |
Medium Project (30 months) |
Large Project (48 months) |
||
|
PHASE I: BIOPROGRAMMING |
|||||
|
|
Goals/Concepts |
2.5 |
1.5 |
2.0 |
|
|
Biocriteria |
5.5 |
3.0 |
4.0 |
||
|
Facility Programming |
5.5 |
3.0 |
4.0 |
||
|
Siting |
2.5 |
2.0 |
2.0 |
||
|
Schematic Design |
8.0 |
7.0 |
6.0 |
||
|
Financial Analysis |
2.5 |
3.0 |
4.0 |
||
|
Environmental Analysis |
2.5 |
1.5. |
2.0 |
||
|
|
Subtotal |
29.0 |
21.0 |
24.0 |
|
|
PHASE II: DESIGN |
|||||
|
|
Preliminary Design |
10.0 |
6.5 |
8.0 |
|
|
Final Design |
11.0 |
10.0 |
10.0 |
||
|
Value Engineering |
11.0 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
||
|
Construction Documents |
11.0 |
6.5 |
8.0 |
||
|
|
Subtotal |
43.0 |
24.0 |
27.0 |
|
|
PHASE III: IMPLEMENTATION |
|||||
|
|
Bid Assistance |
2.0 |
3.0 |
2.0 |
|
|
Construction Services* |
26.0 |
52.0 |
47.0 |
||
|
|
Subtotal |
28.0 |
55.0 |
49.0 |
|
|
TOTAL |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
||
* varies according to level of services performed and construction time
Table 2b Typical Development Total Budget Allocation
|
|
Small Project (18 months) |
Medium Project (30 months) |
Large Project (48 months) |
||
|
PHASE I: BIOPROGRAMMING |
|||||
|
|
Goals/Concepts |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.25 |
|
|
Biocriteria |
2.0 |
1.0 |
0.5 |
||
|
Facility Programming |
2.0 |
1.0 |
0.5 |
||
|
Siting |
1.0 |
0.5 |
0.25 |
||
|
Schematic Design |
2.5 |
2.0 |
1.0 |
||
|
Financial Analysis |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.25 |
||
|
Environmental Analysis |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.25 |
||
|
|
Subtotal |
9.0 |
6.0 |
3.0 |
|
|
PHASE II: DESIGN |
|||||
|
|
Preliminary Design |
3.0 |
3.5 |
2.5 |
|
|
Final Design |
5.0 |
4.5 |
3.5 |
||
|
Value Engineering |
1.5 |
1.0 |
0.5 |
||
|
Construction Documents |
4.5 |
3.0 |
2.5 |
||
|
|
Subtotal |
14.0 |
12.0 |
9.0 |
|
|
PHASE III: IMPLEMENTATION |
|||||
|
|
Bid Assistance |
1.0 |
1.0 |
0.5 |
|
|
Construction Services* |
4.0 |
6.0 |
4.5 |
||
|
|
Subtotal |
5.0 |
7.0 |
5.0 |
|
|
TOTAL |
28.0 |
25.0 |
17.0 |
||
* Varies according to level of services performed and construction time
