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Table 2.2.4 Fibres from Acacia species and their uses (Broun and Massey, 1929; Sahni, 1968; Palmer and Pitman, 1972; Maydell, 1986, Riley and Brokensha, 1988; Bird and Shepherd, 1989; Bhandari, 1990; Hines and Eckman, 1993).
Species |
Uses |
AFRICA |
|
A. ataxacantha |
bark fibre used in the Sahel to make a strong rope |
A. brevispica |
Mbeere use the bark fibres from young branches twisted to make a strong rope |
A. bussei |
bark fibre used in Somalia for making rope |
A. dudgeoni |
a resistant best fibre obtained from the long lateral roots |
A. ehrenbergiana |
bark fibre used in the Sahel to make ropes |
A. galpinii |
inner bark fibres used to make winnowing trays |
A. gerrardii |
a preferred species for fibre in Tanzania |
A. gourmaensis |
fibres from roots and inner bark used in the Sahel for various forms of
wickerwork |
A. karroo |
bark fibre for cordage |
A. laeta |
Mbeere use the bark fibre for building ties and torches |
A. mellifera sensu lato |
root fibre formerly used in the Sudan for sacks to hold gum; best fibres used for
wickerwork |
A. nilotica sensu lato |
bark fibre used in Somalia for making rope; preferred species for fibre in
Tanzania |
A. oerfota |
roots and best fibre used for making rope |
A. reficiens |
|
subsp. misera |
Mbeere use the bark fibres for basketry |
A. senegal sensu lato |
root bark fibres woven into ropes in the Sahel, those of the lateral roots making
the strongest ropes suitable for well ropes and fishing nets |
A. seyal |
|
var. fistula |
best yields fibre |
var. seyal |
best yields fibre |
A. sieberiana sensu lato |
bark fibre used in the Sahel for cordage |
A. tortilis sensu lato |
inner bark fibres used in the Sahel and Somalia for cordage; a preferred species
for fibre in Tanzania |
subsp. spirocarpa |
best yields a strong fibre, used by the Mbeere for hut ties |
INDIA |
|
A. leucophloea |
bark fibre used for fishing nets and coarse fibre |
Table 2.2.5 The use of Acacia species in local medicine (Broun and Massey 19291; UNESCO, 19602; Palmer and Pitman, 19723; Sita, 19774; Boulos, 19835; Wickens, 19836; Agarwal, 198415, Thoyer, 19867; Maydell, 19868; Riley and Brokensha, 19869; Guinko, 199110; Audru et al., 199211; Hines and Eckman, 199312, Ghazanfar and Al-Sabahi, 199313; Nahal, 199314)
Species |
Parts used |
Action |
Complaint |
TROPICAL AFRICA |
|||
A. abyssinica |
unspecified |
an important medicinal plant in Tanzania13 |
|
A. amythethophylla |
roots |
laxative8 |
diarrhoea8 |
wood extracts |
wounds8, skin infections8 |
||
A. ataxantha |
root bark |
astringent |
toothache9 |
unspecified |
syphiis8, boils8, helminthiasis8,
wounds8, toothache8, headache8, respiratory diseases8 |
||
A. caffra |
roots |
blood disorders3 |
|
A. drepanolobium |
unspecified |
an important medicinal plant in Tanzania12 |
|
A. dungeoni |
bark |
astringent |
diarrhoea10, dysentery10 |
A. ehrenbergiana
|
gum |
emollient8 |
|
bark |
flatulence10 |
||
A. erioloba
|
roots |
wound dressing6 |
|
bark |
headache3 |
||
gum |
emollient6 |
||
pod |
discharging ears3 |
||
A. erythrocalyx
|
root |
aphrodisiac10 |
|
leaves |
emetic8, |
orchitis8, herpes8, blotch8 |
|
febrifuge8 |
|||
unspecified |
rheumatism8, dermatitis8, chest
complaints8, stomach disorders8; snakebites8 |
||
A. gerrardii
|
bark |
emetic6 |
coughs9, asthma9 |
unspecified |
an important medicinal plant in Tanzania12 |
||
A. gourmaensis
|
bark |
jaundice10 |
|
unspecified |
coughs8, malaria8, kidneys8 |
||
A. karroo
|
roots |
emetic6, |
lumbago6, gonorrhoea6, colic6 |
aphrodisiac6 |
|||
bark |
|||
leaves |
gargle3, splints3, cattle - tulp
(?Moraea) poisoning3, insanity6, bathing babies6 |
||
A. laeta |
bark |
coughs9, asthma9 |
|
A. macrostachya
|
roots |
aphrodisiac9 |
gastrointestinal disorders8,s |
leafy twigs |
flatulence8 anthelmintic8, toothache8,
snakebite8 |
||
A. mellifera |
|||
subsp. detiens
|
roots |
stomach pains3 |
|
bark |
stomach problems12, pneumonia12,
malaria12, sterility12, syphilis12 |
||
subsp. mellifera |
unspecified |
gastro-urinary8 |
|
A. nilotica sensu. Lato
|
roots |
chest and stomach problems12, toothache12,
gonorrhoea12 |
|
root bark |
coughs9 |
||
bark |
dysentery1,12, diarrhoea6,12,
opthalmia6, haemorrhage6, colds6,12, coughs9,
aching bones9 |
||
phloem sap |
sore throats12 |
||
leaves |
chest pains12, pneumania12, colds 12,
diarrhoea12, dysentery12 |
||
gum |
emollient |
diarrhoea6, opthalmia6, haemorrhage6,
colds6 |
|
unspecified |
wounds9; an important medicinal plant in
Tanzania12 |
||
subsp. adstringens
|
roots |
diuretic8 |
toothache8, dysentery8, syphilis8 |
bark |
haemostatic8,10 |
dysentery8, syphilis8 |
|
leaves |
astringent8 |
diarrhoea10,12 |
|
pods |
coughs10 |
||
seeds |
dysentery8, syphilis8, haemorrhoids10,
gingivitis10 |
||
unspecified |
opthalmia8, oral and throat infections8 |
||
subsp. indica
|
gum |
demulcent2, |
diarrhoea2, dysentery2, diabetes |
astringent2, |
mellitus2 |
||
emollient2 |
|||
bark |
intoxicant8 |
||
subsp. kraussiana
|
roots |
aphrodisiac6 |
|
bark |
intoxicant6, |
||
aphrodisiac6 |
coughs |
||
leaves |
pneumonia6 |
||
subsp. leiocarpa |
not specified |
uses probably similar to other subspecies |
|
subsp. nilotica
|
bark |
||
leaves |
haemostatic10 |
diarrhoea10 |
|
pods |
coughs10 |
||
seeds |
haemorrhoids10, gingivitis10 |
||
subsp. subulata |
roots |
coughs3 |
|
subsp. tomentosa
|
bark |
astringent7, |
teeth7, angina7, mouth wash7, |
haemostatic10 |
burns7, wounds7, eyes7 |
||
gum |
emollient |
angina7, mouth wash7, wounds7,
ulcers7 |
|
gum + bark |
burns7, teeth7, eyes7
diarrhoea7, diabetes11, |
||
bark + leaves |
ulcers11 |
||
leaves |
astringent10 |
eyes7, diarrhoea10 |
|
pods |
diarrhoea7, coughs10 |
||
seeds |
haemorrhoids10, gingivitis10 |
||
A. polyacantha |
|||
subsp. polyacantha
|
root |
snakebite8,venereal diseases8, |
|
bark |
tonic8 |
||
unspecified |
dysentery8, gastro-intestinal disorders8
an important medicinal plant in Tanzania12 |
||
A. senegal sensu lato
|
bark |
astringent |
diarrhoea8, colds8, opthalmia8,
haemorrhage8 |
leaves |
astringent |
colds8,opthalmia8, diarrhoea8,
haemorrhage8 |
|
gum
|
emollient2, |
inflammation7, angina7, |
|
demulcent2, |
opthalmia,7,8, whitlow7, colds8, |
||
bechnic2, |
diarrhoea8, otitis7, aphrodisiac, |
||
diuretic7, |
haemorrhage8 |
||
emulcifying |
|||
agent2 |
|||
gum + bark |
angina7, inflammation7 |
||
A. seyal sensu lato
|
root bark |
astringent |
burns7 |
bark |
astringent |
blepharitis7, opthalmia7,8,
diarrhoea8, haemorrhage8, colds8, gastro-intestinal
disorders8 jaundice8, biliary diseases8, |
|
leaves |
astringent |
syphilis8, headaches8, burns8
opthalmia8, diarrhoea8, haemorrhage8, colds8,
gastro-intestinal disorders7, |
|
gum |
emollient |
jaundice7, biliary diseases7,
syphilis7, headaches7, burns7 inflammation7,
angina7, opthalmia8, diarrhoea8, haemorrhage8,
colds8,gastro-intestinal disorders8, jaundice8, biliary
diseases8, syphilis8, headaches8, burns8 |
|
A. sieberana sensu lato
|
root |
vermifuge8 |
worms7, tapeworm7, liver7,
stomach complaints7, acne8, urethral troubles8, oedema8, |
root bark
|
astringent6, |
dropsy |
|
vermifuge1 |
|||
bark
|
astringent8, |
colds8, opthalmia8, diarrhoea8, |
|
vermifuge3 |
haemorrhage8, schistosomiasis8,
orchitis8, gonorrhoca8, syphilis8, kidney complaints8,
rheumatism8, circulatory system8 |
||
leaves
|
astringent8, |
jaundice4, colic4, colds7,8, |
|
vermifuge3 |
opthalmia8, haemorrhage8,
schistosomiasis8, diarrhoea8, orchitis8, gonorrhoea8,
syphilis8, kidney complaints8, rheumatism8, circulatory
system8 |
||
gum
|
emolient, |
inflammation7, angina7, colic7, |
|
vermifuge8 |
colds8, opthalmia8, diarrhoea8,
haemorrhage8, schistosomiasis8, orchitis8, gonorrhoea8,
syphilis8, kidney complaints8, rheumatism8, |
||
pods |
emollient9 |
circulatory system8 |
|
unspecified |
bladder complaints6 an important medicinal
plant in Tanzania11 |
||
A. tortilis sensu lato
|
gum |
emollient11 |
aching bones9, coughs9, asthma9 |
bark |
an important medicinal plant in Tanzania11 |
||
unspecified |
|||
subsp. raddiana
|
bark |
vermifuge6 |
dermatitis and skin infections8 |
leaves |
vermifuge6 |
dermatitis and skin infections8 |
|
leaves + leaves of Vigna unguiculata8 |
oedema8, allergic dermatitis8 |
||
F. albida
|
root |
febrifuge |
coughs12, fevers12, diarrhoea12 |
gum |
emollient |
inflammation7, haemorrhage8,
diarrhoea8, opthalmia8 |
|
gum + bark |
ears7, diarrhoea12 |
||
bark
|
astringent, |
bronchitis7, vomiting7, liver7, |
|
febrifuge7 |
wounds7, ulcers7, fever7,12,
malaria7, psyychological disorders8, vomiting8, diarrhoea8,12,
kidney diseases8, post-partum complications8, haemorrhage8,
opthalmia8, pneumonia8, coughs8,12 colds10,12
gripe10 clean |
||
leaves |
astringent |
teeth (believed to contain flourine) 12 |
|
pods |
astringent |
opthalmia8, diarrhoea8,12,
haemorrhage8,12, colds12 diarrhoea12 |
|
NORTH AFRICA AND NEAR EAST |
|||
A. abyssinica
|
unspecified
|
demulcent14, |
unspecified |
emulsifier14 |
|||
A. asak
|
unspecified
|
emollient14, |
unspecified |
emulsifier14 |
|||
A. ehrenberaiana |
wood |
paralysis13 |
|
unspecified
|
antiflammatory14 |
unspecified |
|
diuretic14 |
|||
A. gummifera |
gum |
emollient |
unspecified |
A. iraqensis
|
gum |
emollient |
sore gums13, loose teeth13, burns13, |
pods |
astringent |
fever13 |
|
unspecified |
emetic14 |
unspecified |
|
A. hockii |
unspecified |
emollient14 |
unspecified |
A. modesta |
gum |
emollient |
unspecified14 |
A. nilotica sensu lato
|
gum |
antidiarrhoea5 |
diarrhoea5,13, eye13 |
bark
|
antiamoebic5, |
dysentery5 |
|
antispasmodic5, |
|||
hypotensive5 |
|||
leaves |
diarhoea13, cataract13 |
||
fruit
|
antidiarrhoea14, |
fever5 sore gums5, loose teeth5, |
|
expectoratn14, |
diabetes5 |
||
unspecified
|
stimulant14, |
||
antidiabetic14 |
|||
antihaemorrhagic14 |
|||
A. senegal
|
unspecified
|
haemostatic14, |
|
antidiarrhea14, |
|||
emollient14, |
|||
antitussive14 |
|||
A. seyal
|
wood |
rhematic pains5 |
|
bark + leaves |
gastric ulcers5 |
||
gum |
emollient |
rheumatism5, inflammation of respiratory system5 |
|
unspecified
|
stimulant14, |
unspecified |
|
demulcent14 |
|||
A. tortilis |
|||
subsp. raddiana
|
gum |
emollient |
opthalmia5,14, jaundice5,14
pulmonary diseases5,14 |
bark |
astringent, |
wounds5 |
|
seeds
|
disinfectant5 |
||
antidiarrhoeic5,14 |
|||
F. albida |
bark |
leprosy5 |
|