ANNEX I: ADIs, MRLs and STMRs

ACCEPTABLE DAILY INTAKES, RESIDUE LIMITS AND SUPERVISED TRIALS MEDIAN RESIDUES PROPOSED AT THE 1996 MEETING

The Table of recommendations includes maximum Acceptable Daily Intakes (ADIs) and Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs). It should be noted that MRLs include draft MRLs and Codex MRLs (CXLs). The MRLs recommended by the JMPR on the basis of its estimates of maximum residue levels enter the Codex procedure as draft MRLs. They become Codex MRLs when they have passed through the procedure and have been adopted by the Codex Alimentarius Commission.

In general, the recommended MRLs listed for compounds which have been reviewed previously are additional to, or amend, those recorded in the reports of earlier Meetings. For compounds re-evaluated in the CCPR periodic review programme however, both new and previous recommendations are listed because such re-evaluations are regarded as replacing the original evaluation rather than supplementing it.

Some ADIs may be temporary: this is indicated by the letter T and the year in which re-evaluation is scheduled in parenthesis below the ADI. All recommended MRLs for compounds with temporary ADIs are necessarily temporary, but some recommendations are designated as temporary (TMRLs) until required information has been provided and evaluated, irrespective of the status of the ADI. Such recommendations are followed by the letter T in the table. (See also the list of qualifications and abbreviations below.)

In response to recommendations of a Joint FAO/WHO Consultation on Guidelines for predicting the Dietary Intake of Pesticide Residues held in York, the UK, in 1995, the 1996 Meeting has extended its estimations of residues to include calculations of the median residues found in supervised trials (STMRs) in order to provide a basis for the estimation of the dietary intake of the pesticides reviewed. The estimated STMRs are included in the Table of ADIs and MRLs. Further details of the response of the Meeting to the York Consultation are given in Section 2.2.1 of this report, and information about an informal workshop held in The Hague, The Netherlands, in April 1996 to consider the implementation of its recommendations by the JMPR in Section 2.2.3. The report of this Workshop is reproduced as Annex IV.

Attention is drawn to Section 3.1 of this report: 'Definition of the residues of fat-soluble compounds'. Residues of such compounds are distinguished in the Table of Recommendations by the parenthetic note '(fat-soluble residue)' on a line below the residue definition.

The following qualifications and abbreviations are used.

* following recommended MRL	At or about the limit of determination
* following name of pesticide	New compound
** following name of pesticide	Compound reviewed in CCPR periodic review programme
E	Extraneous Residue Limit (ERL).
F following recommendations for milk	The residue is fat-soluble and MRLs for milk and milk products are derived as explained in the introduction to Part 2 of the Guide to Codex Maximum Limits for Pesticide Residues and to Volume II of the Codex Alimentarius.
(fat) following recommendations for meat	The recommendation applies to the fat of the meat.
Po	The recommendation accommodates post-harvest treatment of the commodity.
PoP following recommendations for processed foods (classes D and E in the Codex Classification)	The recommendation accommodates post-harvest treatment of the primary food commodity.
STMR	Supervised Trial Median Residue (see explanation on previous page).
STMR-P	An STMR for a processed commodity calculated by applying the mean concentration or reduction factor for the process to the STMR calculated for the raw agricultural commodity.
T following ADIs	The ADI is temporary, and due for re-evaluation in the year indicated.
T following MRLs	The MRL is temporary, irrespective of the status of the ADI, until required information has been provided and evaluated.
V following recommendations for commodities of animal origin	The recommendation accommodates veterinary uses.
W in place of an MRL	The previous recommendation is withdrawn.

If a recommended MRL is an amendment, the previous value is also recorded. The absence of a figure in the "Previous" column indicates that the recommendation is the first for the commodity or group concerned.

The Table includes the Codex Classification Numbers (CCNs) of both the compounds and the commodities listed, to facilitate reference to the Guide to Codex Maximum Limits for Pesticide Residues and other Codex documents.

Commodities are listed in alphabetical order. This is a change from earlier practice where commodities were listed in the order of the "Types" in the Codex Classification of Foods and Animal Feeds, and in alphabetical order within each Type. The change was made to facilitate checking and comparison with the CCPR Tables of MRLs, which are in alphabetical order.

ACCEPTABLE DAILY INTAKES (ADIs), MAXIMUM RESIDUE LIMITS (MRLs) AND SUPERVISED TRIALS MEDIAN RESIDUES (STMRs)¹

Pesticide (Codex ref. No.)	ADI (mg/kg bw)	Commodity		Recommended MRL or ERL (mg/kg)		STMR (mg/kg)
		CCN	Name	New	Previous
Acephate (095)	0.03	VB 0400	Broccoli	2	-1	0.11
		VB 0041	Cabbages, Head	2	-1	0.33
		VB 0404	Cauliflower	2	-1	0.11
		VO 0448	Tomato	1	-1	0.38
			Tomato, canned			0.19 P2
			Tomato, canned juice			0.35 P
			Tomato, bulk paste			1.52 P
			Tomato, canned puree			0.68 P
			Tomato, wet pomace			0.23 P
			Tomato, dry pomace			0.38 P
		Residue	(for MRLs & STMRs): acephate
		Notes:	1 Previous recommendation withdrawn by 1994 JMPR
			2 STMR-P
Aldicarb (117)	0.003	VR 0589	Potato	0.5	0.5 T	0.077
			Potato chips			0.056 P1
			Potato fries			0.045 P
			Potato, microwaved			0.065 P
			Potato, baked			0.050 P
		Residue	(for MRLs & STMRs): Sum of aldicarb, its sulfoxide and its sulfone, expressed as aldicarb.
		Notes:	1 STMR-P
Bifenthrin (178)	002	GC 0654	Wheat	05 Po	005*	0255
		CM 0654	Wheat bran, unprocessed	2 Pop	-	089 P1
		CF 1211	Wheat flour	02 PoP	-	0 076P
		CF 1212	Wheat wholemeal	05 PoP	-	021 P
		Residue	(for MRLs & STMRs) bifenthrin (fat-soluble residue)
		Notes	1 STMR-P
Carbaryl** (008)	0003	Notes	Previous ADI was 0 01 mg/kg bw
			Periodic review was only for toxicology
Carbofuran** (096)	0002	Notes	Previous ADI was 001 mg/kg bw
			Periodic review was only for toxicology
Chlorfenvinphos** (014)	00005	VB 0400	Broccoli	W	005
		VB 0402	Brussels sprouts	W	005
		VB 0041	Cabbages, head	W	005
		VR 0577	Carrot	W	04
		VB 0404	Cauliflower	W	01
		VS 0624	Celery	W	04
		FC 0001	Citrus fruits	W	1
		SO 0691	Cotton seed	W	005
		VO 0440	Egg plant	W	005
		VR 0583	Horseradish	W	01
		VA 0384	Leek	W	005
		GC 0645	Maize	W	005
		MM 0095	Meat (from mammals, other than marine mammals)	W	0 2 (fat) V
		ML 0107	Milk of cattle, goats and sheep	W	0 008 F V
		VO 0450	Mushrooms	W	005
		VA 0385	Onion, bulb	W	005
		SO 0697	Peanut	W	005
		VR 0589	Potato	W	005
		VR 0494	Radish	W	01
		GC 0649	Rice	W	005
		CM 1205	Rice, polished	W	005
		VR 0497	Swede	W	005
		VR 0508	Sweet potato	W	005
		VO 0448	Tomato	W	01
		VR 0506	Turnip, Garden	W	005
		GC 0654	Wheat	W	005
		Residue	(for MRLs & STMRs) chlorfenvinphos, sum of E- and Z- isomers (fat-soluble residue)
		Notes	Periodic review was only for residues
2,4-D** (020)	001	Notes	ADI refers to acid equivalent
			Previous ADI was 0 3 mg/kg bw
			Periodic review was only for toxicology
DDT (021)	002 (PTD)1	MM 0095	Meat (from mammals other than marine mammals)	5 (fat) E	1 (fat) E
		Residue	(for MRLs & STMRs) sum of p,p'-DDT, o.p'-DDT, p.p'-DDE, and p.p'-TDE
			(p.p'-DDD)
			(fat-soluble residue)
		Notes	1 provisional tolerable daily intake See 1994 report, Section 2 3
Diazinon1 (022)	0002	PO 0840	Chicken, Edible offal of	002*	-	0
		PE 0840	Chicken eggs	002*	-	0
		PM 0840	Chicken meat	002*	-	0
		MM 0814	Goat meat	2 (fat) V		0 3 (fat) 0 02 (whole muscle)
		MO 0098	Kidney of cattle, goats, pigs and sheep	003 V	-	001
		MO 0099	Liver of cattle, goats, pigs and sheep	003 V	-	001
		MM 0097	Meat of cattle, pigs and sheep	2 (fat) V	W1	0 3 (fat) 0 02 (whole muscle)
		ML 0106	Milks	002 F V	W1	002
	Residue	(for MRLs & STMRs) diazinon (fat-soluble residue)
	Notes	1 Withdrawal of existing CXL proposed by 1993 JMPR
Dimethoate** (027)	0002	Notes	ADI is for the sum of dimethoate and omethoate expressed as dimethoate
			Previous ADI was 0 01 mg/kg bw
			Periodic review was only for toxicology
Disulfoton (074)	00003	Acute RiD 0 003 mg/kg bw
Dithiocarbamates (105)		AM 0660	Almond hulls	201 mb2, zm	20
		TN 0660	Almonds	0 1* mb, zm	01*
		TN 0672	Pecan	0 1* T zm	-
		FP 0009	Pome fruits	5 mz, mt, pb, th, zm	5
		FS 0012	Stone fruits	73 T th, zm	-
		FB 0275	Strawberry	5 th	-
		Residue	total dithiocarbamates, determined as CS2 evolved during acid digestion and expressed as mg CS2/kg
		Notes	MRLs refer to total residues from the use of any or each of the groups of dithiocarbamates
			1 The estimated temporary maximum residue level for dithiocarbamates arising from the use of ziram is 10 mg/kg, but the current draft MRL of 20 mg/kg recommended by the 1993 JMPR should be maintained to accommodate uses of maneb
			2 Based on trials with mb maneb, mz mancozeb, mt metiram, pb propineb, th thiram, zm ziram Underlined compounds are those on which estimates of maximum residue levels are mainly based
			3 The estimated maximum residue level for dithiocarbamates arising from the Use of thiram on plums and cherries is 1 mg/kg, but a TMRL of 7 mg/kg is recommended to accommodate uses of ziram on stone fruits
Fenarimol (192)	001	AB 0226	Apple pomace, dry	5	5 T
		VS 0620	Artichoke, Globe	01	01 T
		FI 0327	Banana	02	02 T
		MO 1280	Cattle, kidney	0.02*	0.02* T
		MO 1281	Cattle, liver	0.05	0.05 T
		MM 0812	Cattle meat	0.02*	0.02* T
		FS 0013	Cherries	1	1 T
		DF 0269	Dried grapes (= Currants, Raisins and Sultanas)	0.2	0.2 T
		FB 0269	Grapes	0.3	0.3 T
		DH 1100	Hops, dry	5	-
		VC 0046	Melons, except Watermelon	0.05	0.05 T
		FS 0247	Peach	0.5	0.5 T
		TN 0672	Pecan	0.02*	0.02* T
		VO 0445	Peppers, Sweet	0.5	0.5 T
		FP 0009	Pome fruits	0.3	0.3 T
		FB 0275	Strawberry	1	1 T
	Residue (for MRLs & STMRs): fenarimol
Ferbam** (Dithiocarbamates, 105)	0.003	Notes:	group ADI for ferbam and ziram.
			Previous ADI was 0.02 mg/kg bw, also for ferbam and ziram.
Flumethrin* (195)	0.004	MM 0812	Cattle meat	0.2 (fat)1 V		0.01 (fat) 0.005 (whole muscle)
		ML 0812	Cattle milk	0.05 F V	-	0.01
			Honey	0.005*	-	0.005
	Residue	(for MRLs & STMRs): flumethrin (fat-soluble residue)
	Notes:	1 maximum residue in whole meat (muscle) reflecting approved uses was 0.01 mg/kg. Recommended MRL is on carcase fat basis.
Haloxyfop (194)	0.0003	AL 1021	Alfalfa forage (green)	W	Prov.1
		FI 0327	Banana	0.05*	Prov.1	0
		MO 0812	Cattle, Edible offal of	W	Prov.1
		MF 0812	Cattle fat	W	Prov.1
		MM 0812	Cattle meat	W	Prov.1
		ML 0812	Cattle milk	W	Prov.1
		FM 0812	Cattle milk fat	W	Prov.1
		PO 0840	Chicken, Edible offal of	0.1	Prov.1	0.01
		PE 0840	Chicken eggs	0.01*	Prov.1	0.01
		PM 0840	Chicken meat	0.01*	Prov.1	0.01
		FC 0001	Citrus fruits	0.05*	Prov.1	0
		SO 0691	Cotton seed	0.2	Prov.1	0.09
		OC 0691	Cotton seed oil, crude	0.5	Prov.1	0.1 P2
		AM 1051	Fodder beet	0.3	Prov.1
		AV 1051	Fodder beet leaves or tops	W	Prov.1
		FB 0269	Grapes	0.05*	Prov.1	0
		SO 0697	Peanut	0.05	Prov.1	0.03
		VP 0063	Peas (pods and succulent = immature seeds)	0.2	-	0.02
		FP 0009	Pome fruits	0.05*	Prov.1	0
		VD 0070	Pulses (dry)	0.2	Prov.1	0.03
		VR 0589	Potato	01	Prov1	004
		SO 0495	Rape seed	2	Prov1	017
			Rape seed meal			0 15 P
		OC 0495	Rape seed oil, crude	5	Prov1	036 P
		OR 0495	Rape seed oil, edible	5	Prov1	0 28 P
		CM 1206	Rice bran, unprocessed	002*	Prov1	0 02 P
		CM 0649	Rice, husked	002*	Prov1	0
		CM 1205	Rice, polished	002*	Prov1	0
			Soya bean			003 (Pulses (dry))
			Soya bean meal			003 P
		OC 0541	Soya bean oil, crude	02	Prov1	002 P
		OR 0541	Soya bean oil, refined	02	Prov1	002 P
		VR 0596	Sugar beet	03	Prov1	002
		AV 0596	Sugar beet leaves or tops	W	Prov1
			Sugar beet pressed pulp			0008 P
			Sugar, refined			0002 P
		SO 0702	Sunflower seed	02	Prov1	005
	Residue	(for MRLs & STMRs) haloxyfop esters, haloxyfop and its conjugates expressed as haloxyfop
	Notes	1 Provisional estimates of maximum residue levels were made by the 1995 JMPR, but were not recommended for use as MRLs
		2 STMR-P
Maleic hydrazide** (102)	03	Notes	Previous ADI was 5 mg/kg bw
			Periodic review was only for toxicology
Methamidophos (100)	0004	VB 0041	Cabbage, Head	05	-1	0 01
		VB 0404	Cauliflower	05	-1	0 01
		FS 0247	Peach	1	-1	0 16
			Peach, washed fruit			0 10
			Peach, Juice (100% basis)			0 11 P2
			Peach, jam			0 10 P
			Peach, canned fruit			0 08 P
		VO 0448	Tomato	1	-1	0 12
	Residue	(for MRLs & STMRs) methamidophos
	Notes	1 Withdrawn by 1994 JMPR
		2 STMR-P
		Recommended MRLs are based on residues from the use of methamidophos or acephate
Mevinphos** (053)	00008	Notes	Acute RfD 0 003 mg/kg bw
			Previous ADI was 0 0015 mg/kg bw
			Periodic review was only for toxicology
Phorate (112)	00005	Notes	Previous ADI confirmed
Propoxur (075)	002	VL 0482	Lettuce, Head	05	3
		VR 0589	Potato	002*	01*
	Residue (for MRLs) propoxur
Tebufenozide* (196)	002	FB 0269	Grapes	05	-	012
		FP 0009	Pome fruits	1	-	016
		CM 0649	Rice, husked	01	-	003
		TN 0678	Walnut	0.05	-	0.003
			Apple pomace, wet			0.4 P1
			Apple juice			0.02 P
			Apple puree			0.04 P
			Grape pomace, wet			0.36 P
			Wine			0.03 P
	Residue	(for MRLs & STMRs): tebufenozide (fat-soluble residue)
	Notes:	1 STMR-P
Teflubenzuron* (190)	0.01	VB 0402	Brussels sprouts	0.5	-	0.21
		VB 0041	Cabbages, Head	0.2	-	0.05
		FS 0014	Plums (including Prunes)	0.1	-	0.04
		FP 0009	Pome fruits	1	-	0.48
		VR 0589	Potato	0.05*	-	0
	Residue	(for MRLs & STMRs): teflubenzuron (fat-soluble residue)
	Notes:	First evaluation of residue and analytical aspects. Toxicology was evaluated in 1994.
Thiram** (Dithiocarbamates, 105)	0.01		Apple juice			0.55 P1
			Apple pomace, wet			1.9 P
			Apple pomace, dry			6.93 P
		FS 0013	Cherries	1	-	0.72
		FS 0014	Plums (including Prunes)	1	-	0.72
		FP 0009	Pome fruits	5	5	1.9
		FB 0275	Strawberry	5	-	2.1
	Residue	for MRLs: see dithiocarbamates
		for STMRs: thiram
	Notes:	1 STMR-P
		Periodic review was only for residues.
Ziram** (Dithiocarbamates, 105)	0.003	AM 0660	Almond hulls	10 T	20	10.6
		TN 0660	Almonds	0.1* T	0.1*	0.04
			Apple juice			0.204 P
			Apple pomace, wet			2.81 P
			Apple pomace, dry			3.82 P
		TN 0672	Pecan	0.1* T	-	0.04
		FP 0009	Pome fruits	5 T	5	2.1
		FS 0012	Stone fruits	7 T	-	2.2
		Residue	for MRLs: see dithiocarbamates
			for STMRs: ziram
		Notes:	group ADI for ferbam and ziram.
			Previous ADI was 0.02 mg/kg bw, also for ferbam and ziram.

¹ See explanation on p. 93