Group Formation and Process of Participatory Learning and Action
DAY ONE
A. INTRODUCTION
1. Welcome: Abdul Khalaq Al Asaad, Dr. Mirreh, Dr. Baas and Dr. Chatty
2. Introduction of all participants
By alphabetical order, by experience in the project
By number of children, largest distance ever traveled
3. Background and Objectives of the workshop
Presentation by Stephan (prepared text)
Mime exercise (cooperation and hand-over)4. Review of concepts, techniques and toolsa. content of workshop
Methodological and conceptual review
Process of Group Formation and Consolidationb. Context of workshop
Forming user groups for sustainable natural resource use and income generating activities in the project
Handing over of participatory process to national staff.
Bean bowl (sustainability and cooperation)
From Tools to Process
Principles of PRA (use flip chart and OHP)
From RRA to PRA to PLA (process)
Empowerment, Institutionalization, and
Sustainability
Chair game (cooperation and group work) community
participation and increasing hand-over;
need for communication; group work
B. WORKING IN GROUPS
Group pictures (4) exercise.
1. What is a group? |
(use flip chart) |
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2. Advantages and disadvantages of groups? |
(use flip chart and OHP) |
Open with Fruit Salad count off- five desert plants for organization of working groups today
1. Review flip chart of Advantages and Disadvantages of
groups
(guiding question Are Groups better at achievements than
individuals)
2. Present Synthesis of Advantages and Disadvantages (prepared flip chart)
3. Small discussion groups:
What types of groups are there (eg. cooperatives, income-generating groups)?
What does a group approach mean in the context of the project?
Group Presentation
4. Comments and description and evaluation of the project to date (Dr. Mirreh)
In respect to: |
Group formation |
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Positive achievements |
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Challenges and difficulties |
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Gradual hand-over to national staff over next three
years. |
Break - 20 minutes
Game Making squares 5 groups of 5 to work together to complete squares
5. Process of successful group formation
a. how to get groups formed?Return to chart of What is a group analyze as actually the conditions of good working groups rather than descriptions of groups
b. preconditions of successful participatory groups (prewritten flip chart)C. GROUP DYNAMICScommon interest
clear objectives
sharing information and concerns
all members participate in regular meetings to discussion and take decisions
potential for pay-off/success
organizing for action
accepting each othergroup work to put in descending order of importance the preconditions of successful groups.
What do we need to know about group dynamics/functions in order to guide process of group formation?
1. identification of roles
animal game2. different roles require different tasks
flip chart3. responsibilities of group members
three types of behaviourself-oriented behaviour
task oriented behaviour
maintenance oriented behaviour
selecting a leader (flip chart types of leadership)DAY THREE
creating a contract (group objectives and responsibilities)
agree decision making procedures
regular meetingsbus game (decision making)
1. Start with preconditions for successful participatory groups
2. Discuss the Bus Game
a. individual versus group result; concept of subsidiarity giving tasking to those most able; delegating to the lowest possible denomination; knowing who are the experts.D. Perceptions and Communications in Groupsb how the group worked together issue of dominance issue of compromise without questioning the group contract
would clear roles have helped in the outcome
leader/team leader
recorder
time keeper
1. Perception and multiple knowledges
Visual card exercise/from two angles
2. Communications
Among group membersE. DEALING WITH CONFLICT - ONLY TOUCHING ON TOPICCommunications game
With outsiders from the groupExercise: Whispered message (one person from each team)
1. What are different levels of conflict |
(preset flip chart) |
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2. Causes of conflict |
(preset flip chart) |
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3. Strategies to deal with conflict |
(preset flip chart) |
Case Study of Conflict - each group to discuss and find solutionOne or more group to perform their solution
4. Processes used in conflict resolution hierarchy of procedures to manage local conflict (preset flip chart)
F. Analysis of Group work of last two days
1. analysis of roles:
which animal role did they most identify with in their group work?
Who took decisions?
What went well?
How did they cope?
Group members to present to audience
2. Role of the project staff in group formation
3. Final evaluation of workshop
What did they like most?
What was most practical?
What would they like to have more in-depth?