Area:
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1 220 000 sq.km
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Climate:
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From north to south: arid, semi-arid and tropical wet-dry; rainy season: May-October
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Population:
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10.45 million (2001 estimate); G.N.P. per caput: US$240 (1999)
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Specific characteristics of the country:
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Low-income food-deficit country; land-locked Sahelian country
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Logistics:
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Roads inadequate during rainy season; river transport important; rail link to Dakar (Senegal)
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Major foodcrops:
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Millet, sorghum, rice, maize
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Marketing year:
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November/October; Lean season: July-September
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Share of cereals in total calorie intake:
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75 percent
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Seasonably dry conditions prevail. Off season crops production is underway. A joint FAO/CILSS Crop Assessment Mission estimated the 2000 cereal production at 2 386 300 tonnes. This is 17.5 percent below last year's record (2 893 600 tonnes) but is very close to the average of the last five years. Desert Locusts were reported in December in the northern Adrar des Iforas near Tadjilit, Amsir, and In-Tillit. Low numbers of adults are likely to persist in a few wadis of the Adrar des Iforas and perhaps in the Timetrine area. Some of these could move northwards during periods of warm southerly winds.
Following two successive bumper crops in 1998 and 1999, farmers stocks have been replenished. They were estimated by the national statistical service at 520 000 tonnes just before 2000 harvest. The national security stock is also at its recommended level of 35 000 tonnes (plus 25 000 tonnes in the form of "financial" security stock). Therefore, the overall food situation is satisfactory. However, some areas may be at risk of food shortages following poor harvests, notably in Mopti, Gao, Kidal, Tombouctou and northern Ségou regions. The SAP (national early warning system) classified 400 000 persons as at risk of "food difficulties" in the "cercles" of Douentza, Mopti, Bandiagaraand Youvarou in Mopti region, Niafunké and Gourma-Rharous in Tombouctou region, Gao, Ansongo, Bourem and Ménaka in Gao region and in Kidal and Abéïbara in Kidal region. It recommended the distribution of 10 790 tonnes millet and sorghum to these populations during 3 months.
| Wheat | Rice | Coarse grains | Total | |
| Previous five years average production | 5 | 625 | 1 767 | 2 397 |
| Previous five years average imports | 47 | 59 | 5 | 111 |
| 2000/01 Domestic Availability | 10 | 507 | 1 841 | 2 358 |
| 2000 Production (rice in paddy terms) | 10 | 745 | 1 631 | 2 386 |
| 2000 Production (rice in milled terms) | 10 | 507 | 1 631 | 2 148 |
| Possible stock drawdown | - | - | 210 | 210 |
| 2000/01 Utilization | 60 | 547 | 1 841 | 2 448 |
| Food Use | 59 | 400 | 1 581 | 2 040 |
| of which: local purchase requirement | - | - | 10 | 10 |
| Non-food use | 1 | 97 | 248 | 346 |
| Exports or Re-exports | - | 50 | 12 | 62 |
| Possible stock build up | - | - | - | - |
| 2000/01 Import Requirement | 50 | 40 | - | 90 |
| Anticipated commercial imports | 40 | 40 | - | 80 |
| Food aid needs | 10 | - | - | 10 |
| Current Aid Position | ||||
| Food aid pledges | - | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| of which: Delivered | - | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Donor-financed purchases | - | - | 2 | 2 |
| of which: for local use | - | - | 2 | 2 |
| for export | - | - | - | - |
| Estimated Per Caput Consumption (kg/Year) | 6 | 38 | 151 | 195 |
| Indexes | ||||
| 2000 production as % of average: | 100 | |||
| 2000/01 import requirement as % of average: | 81 |
