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ANNEX I

Occupational Profile Forest Technician

Organizational title:

Forest Technician (District Forest Officer, Forest Management)
Forest Technician (Fire Control)
Forest Technician (Information and Extension)
Forest Technician (Research)

Qualification:

Diploma in Forestry and Natural Resources


Forest Management and Extension

Planning, Extension, Human Resources and Support Services

Field Research and Inventory

Coordination of forestry development at the district level

Advising relevant stakeholders on matters related to forestry

Planning district-level forestry operations consistent with the strategic plan and strategic objectives

Supervising district-level forestry operations

Law enforcement

Preparation of district budgets and controlling expenditure

Supervision of concessionaire

Controlling exploitation of forest resources

Supervision of staff

Carry out administrative tasks in accordance with GRN procedures

Preparing district monthly and annual progress reports

Monitoring the achievement of set district-level targets

Human resources management

Evaluation of organizational performance/efficiency

Financial management

Management of physical resources

Monitoring and controlling forest products and trade

Preparing operational plans

Organizing show stands

Conducting annual and periodic DoF forest awareness and tree planting campaigns

Advising the general public on forestry, in general, and tree planting, in particular

Operating the DoF management information database

Disseminating forestry information to the general public

Supervising research field operations such as research trials and sample plots

Planning research operational activities

Personnel management

Office administration

Government stores

Budgeting and cost control

Seedling production, distribution and sales

Seed collection, testing and distribution

Extension work

Supervision of inventory fieldwork

Data collection

Occupational Profile Forest Ranger

Organizational title:

Forest Ranger (Officer-in-Charge, District Forestry Officer)
Forest Ranger (General Forest Management and Extension)
Forest Ranger (Field Research)
Forest Ranger (Inventory)

Qualification:

Certificate in Forestry

Responsibilities:

Responsible for supervision and/or extension of one or more operational tasks such as fire control, law enforcement, patrols, extension plantation/woodlot maintenance and nursery production


Forest Management and Extension

Planning, Extension, Human Resources and Support Services

Field Research, GIS and Remote Sensing

Advising relevant stakeholders on matters related to forestry

Planning of operational tasks

Supervision of forestry operations

Law enforcement

Managing a nursery

Plantation woodlot management

Data collection on species trials

Office administration

Fire protection

Community forestry

Personnel management

Monitoring and evaluation of operational performance

Budgeting and cost control

Management of government stores

Monitoring and controlling forest products and trade

 

Advising relevant stakeholders on forestry matters

Plantation/woodlot management

Supervision of research operational tasks

Office administration

Personnel management

Budgeting and cost control

Management of government stores

Data collection

Seed processing

Planning operational tasks

Managing a research nursery

Carrying out field forest measurement and other assessments

ANNEX II: Qualitative Training Needs Assessment

A. Questionnaire for Employers:

ORGANIZATION/FIRM............................................................................

AREA/DISTRICT:....................................................................................

What is the present number of forestry-related employees under your supervision?

Under the following subject areas, what are the responsibilities and knowledge an employee should have:

Forestry:

Extension:

Check the relative importance of the following subjects in the work of your forestry employees:

Subject

Very important

Important

Less important

Not relevant

Introduction to forestry
Botany
Basic statistics
Chemistry
Computer skills
Plant taxonomy
English
Ecology
Soil science
Soil conservation
Wildlife ecology and management
Meteorology
Regeneration
Forest management
Extension
Other subjects

       

Please list the typical tasks performed by your forestry employees:

List any additional training offered to your employees such as seminars, workshops, distance learning or courses:

Are there any training activities or personnel development plans for your employees?

Field training period(s) is to be part of the Diploma Curriculum.

Would you be willing to take students on for that part of the course?

YES

NO

If YES, could you give us an idea of how the field training might be organized (time, number of students, job responsibilities, etc.)

A copy of the Occupational Profile for the Diploma in Forestry produced at the last CD workshop is enclosed.

Are there any additional tasks or responsibilities that you feel should be added in order that the college may adjust the curriculum appropriately?

Please state if applicable, how we could better prepare Ogongo Agricultural College graduates to meet the challenge of working in your organization?

B. Questionnaire for Former Students:

In which year did you graduate from Ogongo Agricultural College?

How long after graduation from Ogongo Agricultural College did it take you to obtain your first job?

Have not obtained a job since graduation.

Are you currently employed?

YES
NO

If currently employed, are you employed by the Namibian Government?

YES
NO

If the answer is YES, state your title:

Which ministry employs you?

If the answer is NO, or if self-employed, state the business:

Please list your current job responsibilities in order of priority:

Are there areas lacking in the curriculum for the forestry certificate programme that are relevant to your work?

Which forestry subjects do you think should have received more emphasis during your studies at Ogongo Agricultural College to help you in your present work?

Was the ratio of practical to theory hours suitable?

Which forestry subjects do you think are not relevant to your present work?

Which workshops, seminars or other training have you attended since graduation?

ANNEX III: How to identify training needs using forestry policy

The Directorate of Forestry aims at creating and maintaining a stable environment through sustainable management of the forest resources. Forestry is one of the natural resources on which our people's needs are dependent. Rapid increase in population and improper land-use patterns are contributing to the degradation of soil fertility. It is therefore important to promote and conserve our natural resources through modern and indigenous forest management and technology.

To support this aim, the graduates of the Certificate Programme in Forestry and Range are expected, after a short orientation period, to master a number of tasks (OP) in the priority fields of forestry. These are as follows:

The above priority tasks were derived from the National Forest Policy (see text in the policy where tasks have been identified for the OP):

[The first five paragraphs (especially the basic objectives on pages 99 and 100) in the forest policy provide the overall justification for implementing a domestic forestry training programme in Namibia.]

NATIONAL FOREST POLICY OF NAMIBIA
Excerpts from Draft (1992)

PREAMBLE

In the Constitution of the Republic of Namibia it states that the Government shall actively promote and maintain the welfare of the people by adopting, inter alia, policies aiming at the "maintenance of ecosystems essential ecological processes and biological diversity of Namibia and utilization of natural resources on a sustainable basis for the benefit of all Namibians both present and future. However, over the years, forests in the country have suffered serious depletion. This is attributed to relentless pressure arising from poverty and underdevelopment and from ever-increasing demand for fuelwood, fodder and construction timber; inadequacy of protection measures, diversion of forest lands to non-forest uses without ensuring compensatory afforestation and essential environmental safe guards; and the general attitude of many Namibians to look upon forests as nothing but a resource only to be exploited. The need for a National Forest Policy has become imperative."

STRATEGIES:

6.1. ESSENTIALS OF FOREST MANAGEMENT

Existing forest and forest lands should be fully protected and conserved and their productivity increased (TASK 1).

Forest and vegetation cover should be increased rapidly in valleys, mulapos and oshanas in catchment areas of the Chobe, Kwando and Okavango rivers, and on semi-arid and arid desert tracts of the Namib to compensate for loss of forest/ vegetation cover now taking place in other parts of our country.

All uninhabited land cover with forests or vegetation should be administered by the Government through the Directorate of Forestry. Such land should either be declared forest reserves or management areas to secure the protection and conservation of our green heritage.

For the conservation of total biological diversity, the network of national parks, sanctuaries, biosphere reserve and other protected areas should be strengthened and extended adequately (TASK 12).

Provision of sufficient fodder, fuel and pasture, especially in areas adjoining forest, is necessary in order to prevent depletion of forests beyond the sustainable limit (TASK 1). Since fuelwood continues to be the predominant source of energy in rural areas, the programme of afforestation should be intensified with special emphasis on augmenting fuelwood production to meet the requirements of rural people.

6.2. AREA UNDER FORESTS

The national goal should be to have a minimum of one tenth of the total land of the country under forest or tree cover. In the northern regions the aim should be to maintain one hundred percent of the area under cover in order to protect the forest resources, prevent erosion and land degradation and to ensure the stability of the fragile ecosystem.

6.3. MANAGEMENT OF STATE FORESTS

Schemes and projects which interfere with forests in catchment of rivers, lakes and reservoirs or riverbanks or in any geological sensitive areas should be severely restricted.

No forest should be permitted to be worked without the Government having approved the management plan, which should be in accordance with the National Forest Policy. The Government will issue necessary guidelines in this regard and monitor compliance.

In order to meet the growing needs for essential goods and services, which the forests provide, it is necessary to enhance forest and productivity of the forest through the application of scientific and technical inputs (TASK 3).

Namibia needs timber for railway sleepers, construction industry, furniture and panelling, mine pitprops, paper and paperboards and fuelwood (TASK 2).

6.4. AFFORESTATION, SOCIAL FORESTRY AND FARM FORESTRY

A massive need-based and time-bound programme of afforestation and tree planting with particular emphasis on fuelwood, fencing, poles and fodder development, on all degraded and denuded lands in the country, whether forest or non-forest land is nationally necessary (TASKS 1, 2 and 3).

It is necessary to encourage the planting of trees in every town/city in our country, villages, regional centres, commercial farms and on other unutilized lands under state/ corporate institutional or private ownership (TASK 1, 2, 3 and 6).

Village and community lands, not required for other productive uses, should be taken up for the development of tree crops and fodder resources.

Land laws will be modified so as to facilitate and motivate individuals and institutions to undertake tree-farming on their land (TASK 10).

6.5. RIGHTS AND CONCESSIONS

The rights and concessions including grazing should always remain related to the carrying capacity of forests (TASK 8). The capacity itself should be optimized by increased investment, silvicultural research and development of the area. Controlled grazing patterns of domestic animals should be encouraged. The requirement of the community, which cannot be met by the rights and concessions so determined should be met by development of social forestry outside protected forests.

6.6. DIVERSION OF FOREST LANDS FOR NON-FOREST PURPOSES

Forest land or land with tree cover will not be treated merely as a resource readily available to be utilized for various projects and programmes, but as a national asset which requires to be properly safeguarded for providing sustained benefits to the entire community. Diversion of forest land for any non-forest purpose should be subject to the most careful examinations of social and environmental costs and benefits.

6.7. WILDLIFE CONSERVATION

Forest management will be called upon to take special care of the needs of wildlife conservation (TASK 1). Forestry should provide for "corridors" linking the protected areas in order to maintain genetic continuity between possible artificially separated subsections of migrant wildlife.

6.8. RURAL COMMUNITY PEOPLE AND FORESTS

Having regard to the symbiotic relationship between rural communities and forests, a primary task of all agencies responsible for forest management, including those involved in forest development, should be to associate the tribal people closely in the protection, regeneration and development of forests as well as to provide gainful employment to people living in and around the forest (TASKS 1, 6 and 12). While safeguarding the customary rights and interests of such people, forestry programmes will pay special attention.

One of the major causes for degradation of forests is shifting cultivation, overgrazing and illegal forest fires. To put an end to these practices the Government will have to undertake a public awareness campaign aimed at educating our masses about the dangers of these (TASK 6). To encourage use of alternative sources of domestic energy with a view to reduce pressure on existing forest areas.

6.9. DAMAGE TO FORESTS FROM FIRES AND GRAZING

The incidence of forest fires in the Caprivi region and Kavango is high. Standing trees and fodder are destroyed on a large scale and natural regeneration annihilated by such fires. Special precautions should be taken during the fire season. Improved and modern management practices should be put in place to deal with forest fires. (TASK 5)

6.10. FOREST-BASED INDUSTRY

As far as possible, a forest-based industry will be encouraged and in some cases assisted to raise the raw material needed for meeting its own requirements. No forest-based enterprises, except at the village cottage level or a cooperative, should be permitted in the future to start forest exploitation (TASK 8).

6.11. FOREST EXTENSION

Forest conservation programmes cannot succeed without the willing support and cooperation of the people. It is essential, therefore, to inculcate in the people, a direct interest in forest, their development and conservation, and to make them conscious of the value of trees, wildlife, and nature in general (TASK 6). This can be achieved through the involvement of educational institutions right from the primary education. Farmers and interested people should be provided opportunities through existing agricultural colleges. Ogongo, Neudamm, Tsumis Park and Mashare or any training centre to learn agrosilvicultural and agricultural techniques to ensure optimum use of their land and water resources (TASK 7). Short-term extension courses and lectures will be organized in order to educate farmers and for this purpose it is essential to propagate programmes through mass media (TASK 6 and 9).

6.12. FORESTRY EDUCATION

Although Namibia has neither formal nor informal forestry education, forestry should be recognized both as a scientific discipline as well as a profession. Institutions dedicated to the development of agriculture should be persuaded to formulate curricula and courses for imparting academic qualifications on basic nature conservation studies while professional qualifications in forestry could be obtained elsewhere in neighbouring countries. (A two-year Certificate in Forestry Programme started at Ogongo Agricultural College in January 1993.)

6.13. FORESTRY RESEARCH

With the recognition of the importance of forests for environmental health, energy and development, emphasis must be laid on scientific forestry research necessitating the establishment of a Namibian Forestry Research Unit as part of the Directorate of Forestry (TASK 11).

6.14. PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT

The Government will endeavour to enhance professional competence and status by attracting and retaining qualified and motivated professional foresters and forest scientists.

6. 15. FOREST SURVEY AND DATABASE

Inadequacy of data regarding forest resources is a matter of concern. Priority will be given to surveys of forest resources in the country on scientific lines with a view to updating information (TASK 4).

6.16. LEGAL SUPPORT AND INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT

The Government will undertake appropriate legislation supported by adequate infrastructure in order to implement the policy effectively (TASK 10).

6.17. FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR FORESTRY

The objective of this policy cannot be achieved without the investment of financial and other resources on a substantial scale. The investment is indeed fully justified considering the contribution of forests in maintaining essential ecological processes and life support systems and in preserving genetic diversity.

ANNEX IV: General Educational Objectives, Certificate Programme

At the end of the course the students should be able to:

ANNEX V: Courses and Subject Matter, Certificate Programme

 

Courses and Subjects

Hours (tentative)

1.

BASIC SUBJECTS
Introduction to Forestry and Range in Namibia
Mathematics
Chemistry
Physics
Computer Skills
English

250

2.

FOREST, RANGE AND WILDLIFE ECOLOGY
Botany
Ecology
Soil Science
Soil and Water Conservation
Wildlife Ecology and Management
Meteorology
Forestry and Food Security

185

3.

SILVICULTURE
Introduction to Silviculture
Regeneration of Trees and Forests
Establishment of Trees and Forests
Silvicultural Systems

150

4.

RANGE MANAGEMENT

75

5.

FOREST MANAGEMENT PLANNING
Surveying
Mensuration
Inventory
Forest Management and Planning

210

6.

INTEGRATED LAND USE SYSTEMS
Introduction to Crop Production and Horticulture
Introduction to Animal Science
Introduction to Land-use Systems
Agroforestry Systems
Silvipastoral System
Agrosilvipastoral System
People and Resource Management

210

7.

UTILIZATION OF FOREST PRODUCTS
Structure and Properties of Wood
Wood Preservation and Seasoning
Wood Processing and Products
Non-wood Forest Products

60

8.

FOREST, RANGE AND WILDLIFE PROTECTION
Forest and Range Fires
Bush Encroachment and Deforestation
Control of Other Damaging Factors

90

9.

FOREST HARVESTING AND ENGINEERING
Forest Tools and Machinery
Harvesting and Transport
Roads and Buildings
Ergonomics and Work Safety

165

10.

ADMINISTRATION
Administration
Personnel Management

60

11.

FOREST EXTENSION
Conditions for Learning
Rural Sociology
Communication Skills
Forestry Extension Activities
Social Forestry

165

 

TOTAL NUMBER OF HOURS

1620

ANNEX VI: Occupational Profile, Diploma Programme

The Government of Namibia aims at creating and maintaining a stable environment through sustainable management of the forest resources. Forests are one of the natural resources on which our people's needs are dependent. The rapid increase in the population and improper land-use patterns are contributing to the degradation of soil fertility. It is therefore important to promote and conserve our natural resources according to the existing Forestry Policy and Namibian Strategic Plan, through modern and indigenous forest management practices.

To support this aim, the graduates of the Certificate Programme in Forestry and Range are expected, after a short orientation period, to master a number of tasks in the priority fields of forestry with enhanced responsibility and moral values, according to customer demand. These are as follows:

ANNEX VII: Overall Learning Objectives, Diploma Programme

At the end of the course the students should be able to:

ANNEX VIII: Final Draft of List of Courses and Subjects, Diploma Programme

 

CODE

COURSES/SUBJECTS

Theory

Pract.

Total

1.

BS
BS11
BS12
BS13
BS14
BS15
BS16
BS17

BASIC SUBJECTS
Mathematics
Statistics
Chemistry
Computer Skills
English and Communication Skills
Biology
Physics


39
13
27
12
21
23
16


21
27
23
28
59
22
14


60
40
50
40
80
45
30

2.

SV
SV11
SV21
SV31

SILVICULTURE
Nursery Techniques
Establishment and Tending of Trees and Forests
Silvicultural Systems


41
16
16


79
44
19


120
60
35

3.

FM
FM11
FM21
FM31

FOREST MANAGEMENT
Surveying
Forest Mensuration and Inventory
Forest Management Planning


14
36
38


16
54
62


30
90
100

4.

CF
CF11
CF12
CF21
CF22
CF23
CF31

COMMUNITY FORESTRY
Introduction to Crop Production
Introduction to Animal Production
Range Management
Agroforestry
Community Forestry Principles
Integrated Forest Management


11
15
20
52
26
19


19
15
50
68
34
41


30
30
70
120
60
60

5.

UFP
UFP11
UFP12
UFP21
UFP22
UFP31
UFP32

UTILIZATION OF FOREST PRODUCTS
Basic Economics
Structure and Properties of Wood
Wood Processing and Utilization
Non-wood Forest Products
Entrepreneurship
Forest Economics and Marketing


56
16
29
08
50
28


19
24
41
12
00
12


75
40
70
20
50
40

6.

FRP
FRP11
FRP21
FRP22

FOREST AND RANGE PROTECTION
Forest Entomology
Forest Pathology
Forest and Range Fires


16
18
35


24
22
35


40
40
70

7.

FE
FE11
FE21
FE22
FE23
FE31
FE32

FOREST ENGINEERING
Basic Motor Mechanics
Ergonomics and Work Safety
Forest Tools and Machinery
Road Construction and Transport
Forest Harvesting
Building and Fencing


28
14
12
14
20
18


52
36
38
26
40
22


80
50
50
40
60
40

8.

EX
EX11
EX21
EX22
EX31

EXTENSION
Rural Sociology
Introduction to Extension
Forestry Research and Research Methods
Forestry Extension


15
18
14
63


25
32
30
37


40
50
44
100

9.

AHR
AHR31
AHR32
AHR33
AHR34

ADMINISTRATION AND HUMAN RESOURCES
Administration
Human Resource Management
Forest Policy and Law
Financial Management


14
15
19
31


16
20
21
69


30
35
40
100

10.

FRE
FRE11
FRE12
FRE13
FRE14
FRE21
FRE22

FOREST, RANGE AND WILDLIFE ECOLOGY
Soil Science
Ecology
Climatology
Plant Taxonomy
Soil and Water Conservation
Wildlife Ecology and Management


13
17
17
11
12
16


19
23
13
24
18
19


32
40
30
35
30
35

11.

 

FIELD ATTACHMENT

     

12.

 

STUDY TOURS

     

13.

 

PROJECT WORK (SPECIAL STUDY)

     

ANNEX IX: Example of a Syllabus, Diploma Programme

Subject: Forest Management Plans
Total number of hours: 100

Aim: To teach students to prepare, implement and evaluate sustainable forest management plans.

Objectives: At the end of the subject, Forest Management Plans, students should be able to:

No.

Topic

Content

Learning Objectives

Learning Activities

T

P

1.

Introduction

Forest resources and data

Objective formulation of forest management plan

Models used in forest management planning

Different components of a sustainable forest management plan

Present status

Treatment regimes

Forest management maps

Prediction of future production

Explain the main elements and concepts of sustainable forest management

List the concepts of a forest management plan

Group discussion

Assignment

Visits to relevant offices working with forest management planning

8

2

2.

Planning concepts and methods in forest management

Sustainability

Rotation

Normal forest

Growth and yield

Wood and non-wood products in forest resources

Sustainable outturn by felling: area and volume

Operational planning

Calculate the growing stock at the beginning and end of the planning period

Determine the growth and yield

Select a suitable treatment regime

Compute a sustainable outturn by felling

Collect information for operational planning concerning available personnel and transport

Group discussion

Assignment

Group work

Fieldwork

20

10

3

Forest management plan

Comprehensive management plan in exotic plantations

Comprehensive management plan in indigenous forests

Evaluation methods

Prepare a forest management plan for exotic plantation

Prepare a forest management plan for indigenous forests

Evaluate sustainable forest management both in exotic plantations and in indigenous forests

Group work

Fieldwork in both exotic plantations and indigenous forest areas under the administration of local communities, and state-owned indigenous forest areas

10

50

 

SUBTOTAL HOURS

     

38

62

 

TOTAL HOURS

     

100

ANNEX X: Subject Evaluation Form

Term and Year:..................................................................................................

Subject:............................................................................................................

Lecturer:...........................................................................................................

Tick the appropriate box

Have you acquired new knowledge?

YES

NO

     
     

Did the coverage of the topics meet your expectations (please give reasons)?

Other comments or suggestions:

1. Course structure:

Please evaluate the time allocated to the different activities of the subject:

..........................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................

Do you think the programme was well structured (logical sequence and time allocated to the different sessions)?

Please describe

..........................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................

What were the course/lecturer's good points?

..........................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................

What were the course/lecturer's bad points?...........................................................

..........................................................................................................................

Overall the lecturer was:

Please comment:

   

2. Course content, materials and methods:

Do you think the technical content of the subject was set at the right level?

Please describe............................................................................................................

Do you think the topics were covered in enough detail?.....................................................

....................................................................................................................................

Please indicate your views on each of the following aspects on a scale from 1 to 5 (1 poor, 2 fair, 3 good, 4 very good, 5 excellent).

ASPECTS

1
Poor

2
Fair

3
Good

4
Very good

5
Excellent

The methods used during lectures

         

The methods used during practicals

         

The quality of presentation

         

The quality of the training materials

         

The choice of materials for discussions/lectures/practicals

         

Any further comments/suggestions:

..........................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................

Please list three things you learned during the course that will be most important to you for your future work.

1........................................................................................................................

2........................................................................................................................

3........................................................................................................................

Please list three topics, if any, you think you did not understand well.

1........................................................................................................................

2........................................................................................................................

3........................................................................................................................

3. Course organization:

Please indicate your views on each of the following organizational aspects of the subject on scale from 1 to 5.

ASPECTS

1
Poor

2
Fair

3
Good

4
Very good

5
Excellent

Administrative support during the course, e.g. photocopying services

         

Overall organization of the subject

         

Any other comments or suggestions concerning the organization of the course:

...........................................................................................................................

Overall evaluation:

...........................................................................................................................

What is your overall rating for this subject?

1. Poor

2. Fair

3. Good

4. Very good

5. Excellent

         

What is your overall impression of this subject?

...........................................................................................................................

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