Background
The Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) has created high expectations among the Sudanese people for greater stability, improved basic services and improved livelihood opportunities. Meeting these high expectations will require international support to tackle Southern Sudan's post-conflict challenges and deliver peace dividends that will help consolidate the CPA.
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FAO in Southern Sudan In 2005, FAO distributed essential seeds and tools to tens of thousands of vulnerable farming households in Southern Sudan in 2005. Here, a farmer weeds a field of sorghum grown for seed. |
To accomplish its agreed role in post-conflict governance, the Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A) must simultaneously participate in the Government of National Unity and establish an efficient Government of Southern Sudan, setting up state and country level governing structures. Virtually all infrastructure and institutions need to be built from scratch. In the meantime, very significant humanitarian needs have to be urgently addressed. The UN and its partners are committed to supporting programmes that will assist the process of return and reintegration of what is the largest displaced population in the world. Attending to the needs of more than two million returnees, assisting them in reconstructing their livelihoods, as well as supporting their sustainable and peaceful integration, is a formidable challenge to all concerned parties.
Although some physical infrastructure projects have commenced, humanitarian activities will be adversely affected by virtually nonexistent road and communication networks within one of the world’s logistically most challenging terrains.
Needs analysis: Food security and livelihoods
During 2006, the agriculture sector requires funding to facilitate early resumption of farming, stimulate fishing activities and increase agricultural production. Funds are needed for the purchase and distribution of seeds and tools to 181 000 household, fishing equipment to 32 000 households and support the livestock of 250 000 households through vaccination campaigns and provision of veterinary services. To enable FAO and partners to procure, test, pack and pre-position supplies it is crucial that donors provide timely funding before the onset of the rainy season in April
The capacity of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, as well as the Ministry for Animal Resources and Fisheries need to be refurbished through the construction of buildings, provision of laboratory and other equipment, staff training, and assistance in the development of systems and policies. Such investments are necessary to ensure that the ministries are able to support the provision of services to farmers, including training, micro-credit schemes, pest and livestock surveillance systems, as well as offering relevant information.
To foment a functioning land policy and necessary laws, participatory planning mechanisms will be established in four states. Initially, 5 000 households will be enabled to identify and gain access to land.
PROPOSALS: FAO RELIEF AND RECOVERY ASSISTANCE
Funding required: US$11 952 000
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Sector: Food Security and Livelihood Recovery Type: Humanitarian Action Title: Preparedness for Animal Disease Control and Vaccination at Points of Entry of Refugees into Southern Sudan Code: SUD-06/A47 Objective: To establish an operational capacity and response aimed at supporting the livestock of returning refugees through vaccination and provision of animal health services at points of entry into Southern Sudan. Activities: Establish an operational capacity and response supporting the livestock of returning refugees through vaccination and provision of animal health services at points of entry and along return routes. Outcomes: Livestock of refugees provided with veterinary services and vaccination at points of entry. Beneficiaries and target areas: 25 000 refugee households returning with livestock from Uganda, Democratic Republic of Congo and Ethiopia. Eastern and Western Equatoria, Upper Nile and Western and Northern Bahrel- Ghazal. Implementing partners: FAO, Secretariat of Agriculture and Animal Resources (SAAR), UNHCR and NGOs. Funds requested: US$350 000 |
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Sector: Food Security and Livelihood Recovery Type: Humanitarian Action Title: Coordination of the Agriculture and Household Food Security Sectors in Southern Sudan Code: SUD-06/A48 Objective: To promote a common understanding of the needs of identified beneficiaries through coordination of multi-agency and multi-sectoral activities in order to reduce overlap, enhance information management and dissemination and enhance the capacity of local institutions through the expansion and/or establishment of area offices (ten agriculture coordination structures in the state capitals and at capital level). Activities: Recruit and deploy staff; Establish field offices and procure necessary equipment; Facilitate information sharing among all stakeholders and improve the quality of and access to food security data by providing support to existing units as appropriate; Play a proactive role in the Household Food Security Programme by developing methodologies to be implemented; Improve the capacity of Sudanese counterparts to collect and manage information and carry out interventions; and Use targeted consultancies that are supportive of the food security programme as a whole in cross component issues such as marketing to fill gaps identified by programme partners. Outcomes: Regular household food security meetings with all stakeholders held on agriculture, livestock, fisheries and coordination; Capacity building provided to counterpart organizations and indigenous NGOs; Counterparts supported to develop gender relations guidelines and promote HIV/AIDS awareness; Participation in the Annual Needs Assessment (ANA) and Annual FAO/WFP Crop and Food Supply Assessment Mission; Joint planning of interventions with NGOs supported; and Target population coping mechanisms identified and supported. Beneficiaries and target areas: Ten states of Southern Sudan. Ten state capitals and central level in Juba. Implementing partners: FAO in partnership with Government of Southern Sudan (GoSS), local and international NGOs, returnees, host communities and UN agencies. Funds requested: US$1 850 000 |
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Sector: Food Security and Livelihood Recovery Type: Humanitarian Action Title: Support to the Sustainable Reintegration and Livelihoods of 92 000 Returning Households (Refugees and IDPs) and Host Community Households in Southern Sudan Code: SUD-06/A49 Objective: To support the sustainable reintegration of returnees (refugees and IDPs) in host communities in Southern Sudan. Activities: Distribute crop and vegetable seeds and hand tools; Encourage local seed use/production; Reduce dependency on rains with treddle pumps, small scale irrigation and water harvesting; Promote labour-saving technologies such as animal traction; Reduce post-harvest losses with provision of storage space; Distribute fishing equipment (hooks, twine and mosquito nets); Provide essential veterinary drugs/vaccines and support veterinary equipment and support to cold chain; Train Community Animal Health Workers (CAHWs); Improve information collection, management, mapping and dissemination through existing database (Dynamic Atlas); Organize emergency assessments and coordination meetings at the national and local levels and promote local leadership in coordination; Track livestock movements, monitor pasture conditions, crop pests, animal disease outbreaks and water conditions for livestock; Support women's self-help groups. Outcomes: The sustainable reintegration of returnees in host communities supported through ensuring basic food security; Animal asset-base protected; and Sudden emergency conditions anticipated. Beneficiaries and target areas: Returnees (IDPs and refugees) and host communities: 50 000 households (HHs) - livestock, 30 000 HHs - agriculture and 12 000 HHs - fisheries. Areas of highest envisaged returns - North Bahr el Ghazal, East Equatoria, Jonglei, Upper Nile. Implementing partners: GoSS, national and international NGOs, returnees and host communities and UN agencies. Funds requested: US$7 900 000 |
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Sector: Food Security and Livelihood Recovery Type: Humanitarian Action Title: Promotion and Capacity Building for Community Driven Land and Natural Resources Management Code: SUD-06/A53 Objective: To develop the capacity to deal with land and natural resources in Southern Sudan by addressing specific land management challenges in pilot projects and feed these experiences into an upstream policy and law development process. Activities: Raise awareness; Implement strategic pilot projects (including migratory routes); Address urgent needs of host communities and returnees; Conduct on-the-job training; Develop appropriate laws and policies; and Build institutional capacity. Outcomes: A national capacity capable of addressing land access, land use and land management challenges. Beneficiaries and target areas: Rural communities, returnees and women, Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources (MAAR), local land administrations, local authorities and NGOs. Northern Bahr-el- Ghazal, Western Equatoria, Upper Nile and Jonglei. Implementing partners: FAO, UNHCR, Secretariat of Agriculture and Animal Resources (SAAR), MAAR, NGOs and local communities. Funds requested: US$1 852 000 |
Background
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FAO in Darfur A farmer in South Darfur stands in front of millet grown with seed provided by FAO. In 2005, FAO reached nearly 100 000 vulnerable farming households in Darfur with essential seeds and tools. |
A peace agreement in Darfur in 2006 and an improvement in the security situation may prompt longerterm voluntary, monitored and assisted returns in some parts of the region. Of the 1.8 million IDPs in the region, it is expected that up to 300 000 people will return to some 600 villages in the first half of 2006. A stable return of this magnitude will serve as a pull factor - prompting a possible additional 300 000 IDPs to return in the second half of 2006. However, without clear achievements in the Darfur peace process, this projection of an approximately 30 percent return rate is very optimistic. It is also expected that up to 400 000 IDPs will remain in existing camps or settlements for the longer-term.
The expected return of IDPs will require an expanded distribution network for the delivery of essential humanitarian assistance. The humanitarian effort has so far been concentrated to major IDP camps and settlements. An increased pressure of returning IDPs on livelihoods of host communities, already weakened by economic collapse and poor harvests, will require enhanced recovery and development activities.
During 2005, IDPs and affected populations in the three Darfur states doubled and over 2.5 million people are currently in need of humanitarian assistance.
Needs analysis: Food security and livelihoods
On average, the 2005 harvest (with the exception of some areas of North Darfur) was more promising than the one in 2004. However, much of it was not collected due to increased insecurity during the second half of 2005. During July and August, the situation was further exacerbated by desert locust infestations. The unabated conflict negatively affects any motivation to increase production and agriculture based livelihoods are accordingly seriously disrupted.
During 2006, an estimated 500 000 households will be assisted with agricultural inputs and various animal health care and husbandry services. Pastures will be rehabilitated and efforts will be made to amend agropastoral conflicts. Assistance is required to restock approximately 40 percent of the domestic animals of Darfur’s rural farmers who have suffered losses as a result of drought and armed conflict. In particular donkeys, which are essential for the livelihoods in the area, will be restocked.
PROPOSALS: FAO RELIEF AND RECOVERY ASSISTANCE
Funding required: US$12 975 000
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Sector: Food Security and Livelihood Recovery Type: Humanitarian Action Title: Promotion of Conflict Transformation through Community-Driven Inclusive Land and Natural Resources Management Code: SUD-06/A39 Objective: To secure land tenure and natural resources for communities and individuals. Activities: Secure land tenure and natural resources for communities and individuals, including women; Negotiate and agree on a social territorial pact among different land users; Support concrete dispute resolution processes; Develop community driven recovery portfolios through inclusive land use planning; and Assist in the management of mobility along livestock routes. Outcomes: Land tenure and natural resources for communities and individuals are secured; and Community driven recovery is developed. Beneficiaries and target areas: Farmers and pastoralists, vulnerable groups, IDPs, refugees and local land administrations. El Fasher, Nyala and El Geneina. Implementing partners: UNHCR, UNMIS, University of Khartoum, University of El Fasher, NGOs, state and local institutions. Funds requested: US$975 000 |
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Sector: Food Security and Livelihood Recovery Type: Humanitarian Action Title: Emergency Assistance to Support Livelihoods and Food Security of IDPs, Returnees, Refugees and Vulnerable Resident Communities in Greater Darfur Code: SUD-06/A40 Objective: To provide agricultural support to vulnerable populations to enable a quick resumption of productive activities and save livestock assets. Activities: Provide agricultural inputs, veterinary supplies, alternative sources of energy and promote use of fuel-efficient stoves; Restock poultry and small ruminants; Rehabilitate pasture and support tree nurseries; Support income-generation activities for vulnerable people; and Provide skills training to improve impact of planned activities. Outcomes: Vulnerable households and communities regained their livelihoods and improved their food security situation; and Reversed trends of deterioration of the natural resource base. Beneficiaries and target areas: Vulnerable communities affected by drought and conflict including IDPs, returnees, refugees and resident households with women-headed households given priority. North Darfur, South Darfur and West Darfur States. Implementing partners: International and national NGOs, State Ministry of Agriculture (SMoA), community-based organizations and UN agencies. Funds requested: US$12 000 000 |
Background
Abyei’s straddles Sudan’s north-south boundary and lies along one of the main north-south transport routes. Abyei also represents a significant point of return for IDPs and refugees, and is expected to experience major returnee flows, as people move from the North to Bahr el Ghazal and beyond during 2006. As in other parts of Sudan, Abyei exhibits tensions over land and water use between pastoralists and agriculturalists.
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FAO in Abyei In 2005, FAO distributed 24 tonnes of food and cash crop seeds to 3 157 vulnerable and returning households in Abyei and 13 000 pieces of hand tools to 4 560 households, in time for the 2005 planting season. |
During 2005, freedom of movement within the areas improved and a steady flow of returnees indicate some degree of confidence in the area’s future, even if the peace agreement still has not gained universal acceptance.
Needs analysis: Food security and livelihoods
The Abyei area is expected to recover from the consequences of the 2004-05 season's poor agricultural production. Prospects for the current season are promising, given better rainfalls and no indication of significant pest and crop disease outbreaks. The food security situation of the IDPs is also expected to improve due to the prospect of higher production than last year and the expected decline in food commodity prices.
In 2006, community-based reintegration activities will be critical to mitigate the pressure on resident communities and to create a positive and conflict-free environment for returnees. In September 2005, a sudden influx of returnees demonstrated the fragility of absorption and reception capacity, as well as a general lack of services and livelihoods opportunities. To avoid conflict over the fragile natural resource base and to increase the absorption capacity of host communities it is critical that household food security systems are effectively supported.
The UN and partners will support approximately 15 000 households with seeds, agricultural tools and veterinary services. Income generating inputs and capacity building projects will further support the livelihoods.
PROPOSALS: FAO RELIEF AND RECOVERY ASSISTANCE
Funding required: US$1 280 000
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Sector: Food Security and Livelihood Recovery Type: Humanitarian Action Title: Immediate Agricultural and Livestock Support for an Assisted Returns Programme for Greater Abyei Code: SUD-06/A34 Objective: To support the protection of agricultural livelihoods recovery through increased access to agricultural inputs, fishery support, timely provision of animal health services and promotion of income generation activities. Activities: Distribute six types of field crops; Distribute eight types of vegetable seeds; Produce and distribute six types of hand tools; Provide fishing equipment and training; Provide drugs and vaccines for treatment of animal diseases; Train Community Animal Health Workers (CAHWs); and Establish income-generating women's groups. Outcomes: 10 000 households (HHs) received field crop seeds; 2 500 HHs provided with vegetable seeds; 10 000 HHs received hand tools; 350 HH carts distributed; 1 500 HHs received fishery equipment and training; 300 HHs received goats and chickens; 3 000 livestock holders received treatment and vaccination of their animals; and 5 women's income-generating groups are established. Beneficiaries and target areas: Returnees (old and new), IDPs, host communities, HAC and SRRC in Abyei. Abyei area villages, Agok four Payams. Implementing partners: SC-US, NDO, ACAD, Mercy Corps, GOAL, HAC and SRRC, community based organizations (CBOs) and PACE. Funds requested: US$1 280 000 |
Background
Blue Nile state is located in south-eastern Sudan. The state is one of the three areas where power is shared between the National Congress Party (NCP) and the SPLM/A.
Over forty different groups inhabit the state. Approximately 30 percent of the population is nonindigenous, having arrived as migrants working in the mechanized irrigation schemes in the northern part of the state. Since cessation of hostilities in 2002, the situation has been relatively calm.
A big problem is the large amount of remaining land mines whose presence obstruct the return of refugees and making provision of basic services, access to market areas and economic development difficult.
Accurate figures for the numbers of displaced persons within and from Blue Nile state are not available. The estimate most frequently cited is 165 000 IDPs, representing approximately 17 percent of the state's population. The poorest and more recently displaced remain vulnerable to food insecurity. They have little, if any access to land, own no livestock and rely on kinship and seasonal labour to survive.
Needs analysis: Food security and livelihoods
For the second consecutive year, relative security enabled settled IDPs and returnees in Blue Nile state to cultivate more land resulting in increased household production and relative food security. However, 5 760 food insecure households in the state will continue to require emergency agricultural assistance, capacity building and income generating inputs to support household food security.
Despite the forecast increase in agricultural production, the poorest and more recently displaced who rely primarily on kinship and seasonal labour to survive remain vulnerable. WFP estimates that more than 90 000 returnees will need food support until the first harvest.
A large disparity exists between areas formerly controlled by the SPLM/A, where access to essential agricultural and veterinary services are very limited and where livelihoods are primarily subsistence based and those areas formerly controlled by the Government of Sudan (GoS), where coverage is much better following an International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) project funded and implemented only in the GoS area. Consequently these areas will need more attention than others in Blue Nile state.
PROPOSALS: FAO RELIEF AND RECOVERY ASSISTANCE
Funding required: US$1 250 000
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Sector: Food Security and Livelihood Recovery Type: Humanitarian Action Title: Immediate Agricultural, Livestock and Fisheries Support to Vulnerable Households (including Returnees) in Blue Nile State Code: SUD-06/A36 Objective: To protect rural livelihoods through increased access to agricultural inputs, fishery support, provision of animal health services and promotion of income generating activities. Activities: Distribute field crops, vegetable seeds and hand tools; Provide fishing equipment and training; Provide veterinary drugs and vaccines for treatment of animal diseases; and Train Community Animal Health Workers (CAHWs). Outcomes: 10 000 households (HHs) received field crop seeds; 1 000 HHs provided with vegetable seeds; 10 000 HHs received hand tools; 100 HHs received fishery equipment and training; 50 HHs provided with goats; 4 000 livestock keepers provided with veterinary services for their animals; and 20 CAHWs received training. Beneficiaries and target areas: Returnees (old and new), IDPs and host communities. Blue Nile State. Implementing partners: Community based organizations (CBOs), international NGOs and the State Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources (MAAR). Funds requested: US$1 250 000 |
Background
The prime objective in 2006 is to consolidate and support the implementation of the CPA. This will be carried out in the context of the newly established state government in which the NCP and the SPLM/A will share power.
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FAO in Southern Kordofan In 2005, FAO distributed 290 tonnes of food and cash crop seeds to 36 250 vulnerable and returning households in the Nuba Mountains area and 55 050 hand tools to 36 020 households. |
A significant challenge lies in assisting capacity building in general and the build-up of the administrative capacity of the SPLM/A in particular. It is essential to achieve a capacity for effective and transparent allocation of state revenues, as well as efficient service deliveries. Root causes to the conflict have to be addressed, particularly equitable access to land has to be guaranteed and it is urgent to address geographic disparities in service delivery between areas formerly controlled by the SPLM/A and those formerly controlled by the GoS. For example, in previously SPLM/A controlled territory only 20 percent of the population has access to safe drinking water, while less than five percent has access to sanitary facilities, whereas in areas formerly controlled by the GoS coverage is approximately 55 percent and 20 percent, respectively.
The need to support returnees is a priority for all sectors. Ensuring access to land for displaced populations can help reduce the risk of conflict - particularly in light of large scale returns and demobilization expected in 2006.
Needs analysis: Food security and livelihoods
Political stability, as well as sustained support to household food security (both in agriculture and livestock) and a favorable average rainfall pattern, have enabled the region to increase the land under cultivation. Access to land for farming remains the greatest determinant of food security. A lack of hand tools, labour and soil exhaustion from mono-cropping continue to suffocate agricultural production. Continued movement of displaced and returnee populations indicate that a large segment of the Nuba Mountains population remains vulnerable to food insecurity. In 2006 the sector will respond to the immediate food security and livelihood needs of 40 000 returnees while recovery programming will strengthen agricultural and livestock institutions to improve planning and management capacities. The sector will also address sustainable land use through community driven natural resource management initiatives.
PROPOSALS: FAO RELIEF AND RECOVERY ASSISTANCE
Funding required: US$4 724 373
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Sector: Food Security and Livelihood Recovery Type: Humanitarian Action Title: Immediate Agricultural and Livestock Support for an Assisted Returns Programme for Southern Kordofan Code: SUD-06/A63 Objective: To improve rural agricultural livelihoods recovery of returnees, internally displaced persons (IDPs) and other vulnerable communities of Southern Kordofan through increased access to agricultural inputs, appropriate technologies and livestock asset protection and building. Activities: Procure and distribute six types of field crops, eight types of vegetable seeds, and six types of hand tools; Establish three Farmer Field Schools (FFS); Introduce treadle pumps; Distribute Greco hoe and carts; Train blacksmiths; Provide training in water-harvesting technologies; Organize pilot women groups for micro-drip irrigation; Provide small animal restocking; Provide drugs for treatment of animal diseases (vaccines for Anthrax, H.S, B.Q, Sheep pox, PPR, and CCPP); and Strandardize curriculum for and train CAHWs. Outcomes: 40 000 households (HHs) received field crop seeds, 10 000 HHs provided vegetable seeds and 40 000 HHs provided hand tools; 3 FFS established and functional; 900 treadle pumps provided and 450 Greco hoe and carts distributed; 45 blacksmiths trained and equipped with basic equipment; 100 micro-drip schemes established; 600 HHs provided with goats and chickens; 1.5 million cattle vaccinated against Anthrax, H.S., B.Q, 2 million shoats vaccinated against Sheep pox, PPR, 100 000 goats vaccinated against CCPP and 500 000 cattle and 1 million shoats treated; 90 CAHWs trained and 180 CAHWs received refresher training. Beneficiaries and target areas: Returnees, IDPs and host communities and MoA departments in Southern Kordofan. Kadugli, Talodi, Rashad, Abugebiha, Dilling, Lagawa, Babanusa, Al-fula, Mugelat (includes both locality and county). Implementing partners: FAR, SC-US, IRC, CONCERN, Ru'YA, SCOPE, CARE, NRC, NRRDO, SRRC, NMIAD, MoA and CBOs. Funds requested: US$4 724 373 |
Background
Eastern Sudan comprises Gedaref, Kassala and Red Sea states, with a combined population estimated in 2003 to be 3.9 million, and borders Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east. Eastern Sudan presently hosts large numbers of refugees and IDPs. In Kassala, the current population of mainly Eritrean refugees living in camps is 77 000, while the number of registered IDPs is 63 000, originating mainly from the border regions and from rural areas where livelihood conditions have deteriorated over the years.
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FAO in Sudan In Sudan, FAO has been providing technical assistance to secure and restitute land rights, address land and property dispute resolution and negotiate consensual land management. |
Populations in Kassala and Red Sea states find themselves under severe stress from chronic food insecurity and poverty caused by a series of droughts during the 1980s and the 1990s, as well as substantial loss of livestock and loss of grazing land due to the construction of the Aswan dam.
Extreme poverty is straining intercommunity relations. The region is also vulnerable to complex emergencies including conflict, natural disasters and flooding. Disagreement between political parties within Sudan, as well as tensions between Eritrea and Sudan and disagreements between Eritrea and Ethiopia, make the region highly volatile. It is important to expedite a peaceful resolution to the brewing conflicts before they escalate into a full-scale civil conflict and it is also critical that authorities urgently address issues connected with land tenure and water rights.
Needs analysis: Food security and livelihoods
The 2005/2006 agricultural season is expected to be better than average and should improve the interim food security situation in the region. However, the agricultural base is weak and the natural resources base has been reduced. Agricultural policies have favored export crops at the expense of cereal production and limited employment and income possibilities outside the agricultural and livestock sectors put additional strain on the limited resources.
Approximately 38 300 resident population and 45 850 IDPs in the East are currently facing a food deficit. Kassala has suffered from a five-year drought, worsened by severe pest infestation. The situation is expected to become worse unless rainfall pattern, markets prices and supplies, animal health services and nutrition, pasture and water conditions improve and external assistance is provided. The humanitarian strategy for 2006 will provide assistance through integrated area development and self-reliance strategies to vulnerable populations. These initiatives will include access to water and land, and support will be provided to livelihoods through a variety of agriculture-based activities, including support to replenishing livestock lost during drought in both Kassala and Red Sea states, and increasing access to water resources. Basic service provision will be augmented to prevent further displacement of populations due to the continued erosion of livelihood opportunities.
A development strategy will address the root causes of chronic food insecurity and malnutrition in the region by reducing resource-based conflict and restoring peace. The UN and partners will advocate for the review of existing water and land tenure policies by local government.
PROPOSALS: FAO RELIEF AND RECOVERY ASSISTANCE
Funding required: US$7 000 000
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Sector: Food Security and Livelihood Recovery Type: Humanitarian Action Title: Emergency Response to Support Livelihoods and Food Security of IDPs, Refugees and Resident Communities in Eastern Sudan Code: SUD-06/A41 Objective: To maintain and promote the livelihoods of 100 000 drought and conflict affected HHs in Eastern Sudan. Activities: Provide agricultural inputs; Promote fuel-efficient stoves and provide alternative sources of energy; Provide livestock supplies; Restock poultry and small ruminants; Rehabilitate pasture through pasture seeds broadcasting; and Promote and support income-generating activities. Outcomes: HH productive activities secured and maintained to support their livelihoods and food security; Livestock assets of poor HHs saved and production improved; and Income generatng activities promoted and livelihoods of beneficiaries restored in a sustainable manner. Beneficiaries and target areas: Vulnerable populations including pastoralists, IDPs, refugees and resident communities. Kassala and Red Sea regions and Butana plains. Implementing partners: International and national NGOs, State Ministry of Agriculture, communitybased organizations and UN agencies. Funds requested: US$7 000 000 |
Background
This section of the Work Plan covers the states of Gezira, Khartoum, Northern Kordofan, River Nile, Sinnar, and White Nile, which had an estimated combined population of 14.5 million people in 2003. As a result of the signing of the CPA, the GoNU was formed in July and surrounding areas have benefited from improvement in infrastructure and increased investment in activities in the service sector. However, in 2005 Khartoum has also witnessed dramatic developments such as the clashes between IDPs and the police in May and rioting following the death of First Vice President Dr. John Garang in August.
The population of Khartoum state is currently over six million people, at least a third of whom are IDPs. Approximately 325 000 IDPs reside in four official IDP camps, while the remaining 1.7 million reside in approximately 30 different squatter areas. The government has executed policies of demolition and resettlement that negatively influenced return choices of several of the displaced, heightening the tensions between state authorities and the affected people.
Needs analysis: Food security and livelihoods
Returnees traveling from the Khartoum areas to Southern Sudan, Abyei, Southern Kordofan and Blue Nile have often moved without adequate material goods or skills necessary to sustain their rural livelihoods at their destinations, thus exacerbating the already poor food security. To prepare returnees for eventual reintegration at their destinations, pre-departure interventions in the IDP camps around Khartoum, centered on supporting the creation of livelihood skills will be undertaken. Agriculture and fishing inputs within areas of return will also be provided, but not within Khartoum.
PROPOSALS: FAO RELIEF AND RECOVERY ASSISTANCE
Funding required: US$650 000
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Sector: Food Security and Livelihood Recovery Type: Humanitarian Action Title: Support to Livelihoods of IDPs in Khartoum Camps Code: SUD-06/A44 Objective: To enhance pre-departure skills and knowledge of IDPs n Khartoum camps on food security and livelihoods prior to return. Activties: Select IDP camps and IDPs to be trained in poultry management, fish processing and preservation and basic business skills; Carry out livelihood analysis; and Prepare relevant information sheets on livelihood. Outcomes: Livelihood analysis carried out in four main selected IDP camps; Better understanding of livelihoods is documented, and information is shared with relevant stakeholders for sound planning; and 200 IDPs provided with pre-departure skills and knowledge. Beneficiaries and target Areas: IDPs in Khartoum State camps. Khartoum IDP camps. Implementing partners: FAR, CBOs and the State Ministry of Agriculture. Funds requested: US$650 000 |
