Table 3. Main NWFP by country with examples of production and trade figures
Country |
Main NWFP |
Selected statistical data available |
Bangladesh |
Bamboo, cane, medicinal plants, sungrass, golpatta, horitaka, hantal, murta (pati pata), hogla and honey and beeswax, fish and wildlife resources. |
Golpatta (1990–91): 2.63 million kg, value: Tk.5.8 million; 1992–93: 75 600 MT Hantal (1990–91): 6.7 MT, value: Tk.334 400 Bamboo (1986–1987): 92 616 000 culms Harvesting of 4 821 MT of fish during 1990–99 |
Bhutan |
Food, fodder, medicinal plants, natural dyes, exudates, rattan, bamboo, lemon grass, handmade paper, fibres and flosses, brooms, handicraft items, ornamentals, incense sticks and honey and beeswax. |
Mushrooms (1999): 7 525 kg. Price for canned mushrooms can reach Nu.5(US$1.65)/kg Export of medicinal plants (1998): 297 kg, value: Nu.78 867 Export of lemon grass oil (1999): 21 504 litres, value: Nu.6 480 413 Export of handmade paper and paperboards (1999): 497 kg, value: Nu.310 612; 1998 exports: 33 269 kg, value: Nu.2 848 810 Turpentine (1999): 66 000 kg, value: Nu.717 500 Rosin (1999): 504 310, value: Nu.1 257 0684 |
Cambodia |
Resin, rattan and bamboo, mushrooms, medicinal plants and incense. |
1999: export of rattan: 120 MT 2000: export of resins: 42 MT |
China |
Exudates, essential oils, bamboo, food (e.g. fruits, nuts and mushrooms), honey and medicinal plants. |
Dry bamboo shoots p/a: 20 000 MT; fresh bamboo shoots p/a: 1.5 million MT Shiitake mushroom p/a: 120 000 MT Export of shiitake mushrooms p/a: 1 000 MT, value: US$2 000/MT Gingko kernels p/a: 5000–6 000 MT; leaves 7 000 MT; fleshy seed coats: 10 000–12 000 MT Value of bamboo (1993): ¥5.5 billion, exports of US$150 million |
India |
Edible plants, fibres and flosses, bamboos, exudates (gums, resins and oleoresins), medicinal plants, essential oils, tans and dyes, wrapper leaves and animal products (e.g lac and silk). |
Export of edible plant products (1996–97): 348 541 MT, value: lakh* Rs.268 392 Export of oil seeds and fatty oils (1996–97): 264 139 MT, value: lakh Rs.61 173 Export of medicinal plants (1996–97): 42 592 MT, value: lakh Rs.51 500 Export of spices (1996–97): 73 046 MT, value: lakh Rs.515 000 Export of essential oils (1996–97): 3 554 MT, value: lakh Rs.17 663 Export of dyes and tans (1996–97): 8 193 MT, value: lakh Rs.2 765 Export of gums and resins (1996–97): 107 158 MT, value: lakh Rs.50 500 |
Indonesia |
Rattan, bamboo, resins (gondorukem and turpentine, jelutung gum, damar, kemenyan, gaharu and kopal), tengkawang seed, sandalwood oil, cayeput oil, honey, shellac, fruits and medicinal plants. |
Export of rattan-finished products (1999): 112 078 MT, value: US$294 million Export of gondorukem (1999): 39 166 MT, value: US$18.5 million Export of turpentine (1999): 7 188 MT, value: US$2.13 million Export of gaharu (1995): 309.8 MT, value: Rp. 6.2 billion Sandalwood oil (1997): 145 446 MT Honey (1997–98): 2 615 728 MT Export of lac (1999): 93 MT, value: US$130 200 |
Lao PDR |
Medicinal plants, food (nuts, fern roots, fruits), fibres, exudates (damar resin, oleoresin, benzoin), incense, spices, orchids |
Export of sugar palm fruit (1998): 982 000 kg, value: US$320 132 Export of malva nuts (1998): 837 940 kg, value: US$1 340 704 Export of cardamom (1998): 424 347 kg, value: US$2 376 343 Export of damar resin (1998): 1 525 566 kg, value: US$305 113 Export of oleoresin (1998): 274 400 kg, value: US$92 198 Export of benzoin (1998): 15 500 kg, value: US$46 500 |
Malaysia |
Rattan, bamboo, medicinal plants, wild fruits, vegetables, palms, resin, tannin, barks and wood-oil. |
Export of medicinal plants (1996): $M55 871 852 Export of bamboo (1990): US$176 474 Local market of bamboo products is worth $M3 million annually |
Myanmar |
Bamboo, rattan, edible bird nests, natural rubber, spices, medicinal plants, tanning barks, perfumes, exudates, honey and beeswax, bushmeat, lac and bat guano. |
Bamboo (1994): 946 million nos.; export of 843 million nos. (1996–97), value: US$582 000 Rattan (1994–95): 73 million nos.; export of 2 804 MT (1996–97), value: US$1 601 000 21 MT of honey and 1 134 kg of beeswax (1994–1995) Edible bird nests (1994–95): 2 923 kg; export of 1 197 kg (1996–97), value: US$440 000 |
Nepal |
Medicinal and aromatic plants, resin, turpentine, sal seed, katha and cutch, lokta paper, sabai grass, bamboo and cane. |
Rosin: 1 518 MT (1999) Turpentine: 341 MT (1999) |
Papua New Guinea |
Food from plants (tubers, fruits, nuts and vegetables), mushrooms, medicinal plants, rattan, bamboo and orchids, bushmeat, copal gum, vatica, massoy bark, tannins and insects (butterflies). |
The value of the domestic orchid cut-flower trade has been evaluated at K50 000 + p/a Estimated value of butterfly trade US$250 000 Export of rattan (1992): 108 5 00 kg (FOB K758 000) |
Philippines |
Rattan, bamboo, fibres, vines, palms, exudates, essential oils, dyes, wild food plants, medicinal plants, honey and butterflies. |
1998: 10 463 lm of unsplit rattan; 5 000 lm of split rattan 1998: 448 000 pcs of bamboo 1998: 6 746 000 nipa shingles 1998: export of 645 840 kg of salago bark, value: US$443 990 1998: 261 000 kg of Almaciga resin; exported 355 000 kg, value: US$(FOB)254 000 1998: export of 221 000 kg of elemi gum, value: US$(FOB)448 000 |
Sri Lanka |
Rattan, bamboo, medicinal plants, kitul products, edible plants, honey and bushmeat. |
Export of medicinal plants: SL Rs.116 million (US$1.7 million) 1999: import of SL Rs.66 million (US$943 000) 1993: export of rattan – SL Rs.1.5 million (US$20 000) Export of bamboo and bamboo products: SL Rs. 80 000 (US$1 150) Income from the sale of bushmeat in the dry zone: SL Rs.120 000–150 000/ p/a Household income from grazing in the dry zone: SL Rs.15 000–20 000 p/a (US$150–225) and SL Rs.50 000–120 000 p/a (US$550–1 300) for large-scale cattle owners in the same area |
Thailand |
Bamboo, rattan, lac, honey, gums and resins, spices, medicinal plants, food and bark for tanning and dyeing. |
1992: export of medicinal plants – 3 379 MT, value: B173 394 000 1999: export of spices – 83 680 kg, value: US$0.20 million. 1999: export of raw rattan cane – 36 011 kg, value: US$0.02 million 1999: export of rattan furniture: 493 852 kg, value: US$1.33 million; export of 122 810 kg, value: US$0.05 million 1999: export of lac – 3 722 902 kg, value: US$4.30 million 1999: export of honey – 1 053 103 kg, value: US$0.61 million |
Viet Nam |
Handicrafts (rattan and bamboo), resin, essential oils, medicines, spices, mushrooms and honey. |
1995: export of mushrooms – 896 192 kg, value: US$1 881 963 2000: export of anise star seeds – 3 000 MT, value: D70 billion (US$5 million) 1995: export of cardamom – 17 800 kg, value: US$143 880 1995: export of medicinal plants – 855 912 kg, value: US$1 733 967 1997: export of eaglewood – 34 071 kg, value: US$6 046 091 1991: export of rattan – 50 542 MT, value: US$26.3 million |
*1 lakh = 100 000