PART III - ANNEXES

ANNEX A
List of Participants

Training Course on Shrimp Culture
Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Centre
Jepara, Indonesia
2–19 December 1987

ANNEX B
Time Schedule of Lecture and Practice for the ASEAN Training Course on Shrimp Culture

2–19 December 1987

L = lecture
P = practice

Curriculum for the ASEAN Training Course on Shrimp Culture at the Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Centre (BADC)
Jepara, Indonesia
2–19 December 1987

ANNEX C
Welcome Remarks by Mr. Anto Sunaryanto

Training Director
Training Committee Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Centre
Jepara, Indonesia
2 December 1987

Welcome to the participants of ASEAN Training Course on Shrimp Culture. We would like to congratulate you on your participation in the training course. We hope your stay at the BADC Jepara will be enjoyable.

Jepara is a small town located in the northern of Central Java Province just at the beachside. It is about 85 kilometers far from Semarang, the Province's capital.

There are two things that make Jepara very famous. First, Jepara is the centre of wood carving. Secondly, Jepara is the birth place of Kartini, Indonesian heroine of woman's liberation. And now, the Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Centre (BADC) is making Jepara more famous as the centre of shrimp culture technology.

In fact, shrimp culture development is expanding very fast in Indonesia. Area of brackishwater ponds increased by about 30 percent in this decade from about 180 thousand hectares in the early 80's to more than 240 thousand hectares this year. The production achieved is also increased significantly. By the application of intensive technique on shrimp culture, modern farmers can yield ten tons of shrimp per hectare per crop. This is really a rapid progress on shrimp farming.

Since the factors affecting shrimp culture development are complex, it has to be realized that the period of training is insufficient to make the participants proficient and skillful. We will try to make the training most useful for shrimp culture development of the participant's home countries and we hope that you will understand the shortcomings we may have committed in the conduct of this course.

ANNEX D
Evaluation of the Training Course by the Participants

INDONESIA

Mr. Rahman Razikin

ASEAN Training Course on Shrimp Culture took place in the Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Centre, Jepara, Central Java, Indonesia on December 2–19, 1987.

There were eight participants who took part in this training course coming from Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand.

The training course is aimed to provide technical know-how and practical experience in shrimp farming in order to assist ASEAN countries in the development of shrimp culture through manpower training as one of the approaches in small-scale fisheries development.

The period of training is insufficient to make the participants proficient and skillful in shrimp culture because of the factors on shrimp culture development which are complex. However, each participant, government and private alike have already the basic knowledge and practical experience to begin with in shrimp farming operation. This training course implements and upgrades our existing know-how through lectures and practical exercises in the field and the laboratory aspects of shrimp culture.

We also acquired a lot of experience by visiting many places where “tambak” and hatcheries were already operational. So this enables us to understand the problems we met in the field and how to solve them. The different places we saw were Karungayao, around Jepara (private sector) for intensive shrimp pond; Bangungan, Ulonggo, Blebak, Bondo for hatcheries; Pati for traditional shrimp pond; Bangari for traditional milkfish ponds; Jambu and Schirro for site selection program.

During the training we obtained a lot of technical knowledge and experience from the participants about shrimp culture in their country through discussions. And also more information about equipment, feed, pesticide, fertilizer and methods they mainly use in their country.

We learned from each other and shared experience during the training course. We will apply the experience from other participants if it is suitable to our country environment.

This training was very successful and enjoyable. So we do not know how to thank you, Dr. Made Nurdjana including all of your staffs for your goodness and hospitality. Also, many thanks for Dr. Wilfredo G. Yap and his secretary.

I have some suggestions for future training:

1. Manual or abstract of lecture given to the participants before lecture and also a complete list of references which can be borrowed from Centre library.

2. In the business of hatchery, seed transportation is necessary so I hope that programme about seed transportation can be added.

Mr. Mukti Sri Hastuti

A Brief Report on Shrimp Culture Training Course

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Under the ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, the Training Course on Shrimp Culture was being undertaken.

1.2 This training programme was carried out with the cooperation of the Government of Indonesia.

2. PROGRAMME

The programme includes lectures and practical training throughout the course:

2.1 Status of shrimp culture in Indonesia.

2.2 Practical exposure in field laboratory apparatus of shrimp culture.

3. PURPOSE OF TRAINING

3.1 To assist ASEAN countries in the development of shrimp culture.

3.2 To provide technical know-how and practical experience on shrimp farming.

4. BENEFITS

4.1 After this training course, the technique especially in shrimp culture can be transferred to the farmers in our country.

4.2 Mostly, the extensive practices will get more profit from this business as they improve.

MALAYSIA

Mr. Azmi bin Abd. Latiff

1. INTRODUCTION

The purposes of this training course were to assist ASEAN countries in the development of intensive shrimp culture; to transfer technology to all participants involved; and to discuss and to create new technology on the shrimp culture if possible. This training programme was carried out with the cooperation of the Government of Indonesia.

2. PROGRAMME

The programme includes lecture and practical training all throughout the course:

2.1 Status of shrimp culture in Indonesia.

2.2 Practical exposure in field laboratory apparatus of shrimp culture.

2.3 Solving shrimp culture problems in different and difficult situation.

3. BENEFITS

3.1 After this training course, the technology especially in shrimp culture can be transferred to the farmers in our country.

3.2 Mostly, the extensive farmers can develop the intensive form of culture to get more profit from this business.

3.3 The knowledge from this training and exposure to various problems in shrimp culture will help all the farmers in our country through our extension work.

Mr. Wang Yok Han

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Under the ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project (RAS/84/016), the ASEAN Training Course on Shrimp Culture was undertaken.

1.2 This training programme was carried out with the cooperation of the Government of Indonesia.

2. DURATION AND LOCATION

2.1 The training course was held at the Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Centre, Jepara, Indonesia from 2–19 December 1987.

3. PURPOSE OF TRAINING

3.1 To assist ASEAN countries in the development of shrimp culture through manpower training.

3.2 To provide technical know-how and practical experience in shrimp farming.

4. KNOWLEDGE GAINED THROUGH TRAINING

4.1 Status of shrimp culture in Indonesia.

4.2 Practical exposure in field laboratory apparatus of shrimp culture.

4.3 Solving shrimp culture problems in different and difficult situation.

4.4 Latest technology in shrimp culture.

5. BENEFITS TO PARTICIPANTS

5.1 Knowledge gained from this training course will help in the development of smallscale fisheries especially shrimp culture in my country.

5.2 Shrimp farmers will benefit through extension services after this training.

5.3 Knowledge gained through this training and exposure to various problems in shrimp culture will help this business to be a more profitable venture and there will be less risks.

PHILIPPINES

Mr. Romulo B. Lazarte, Jr.

The training course has been successful and fruitful to each and everyone of us (participants) especially to aquaculture officers who in one way or another are doing their job on prawn farming. The different places where we have been encourage us to be more open-hearted, devoted technicians especially to small fishfarmers who cannot afford either to go to Research Centre or to any government entity to ask assistance; each technician should rather go to their respective places to patch up some problems especially on the technical know-how on the transfer or impartation of knowledge to them for better welfare and success to the person concerned as a whole and for everybody in general.

In this manner, technicians are helping the remote areas for a better and shaped economic development in the community and to the whole country.

I am very grateful and million thanks to our different trainors to the different personnel of the Centre, to the Project Coordinator, to the Chief Technical Adviser, to the very humble and energetic Training Director, Dr. Ir. Made Nurdjana. The training course would not have been a fruitful and a memorable one without their full cooperation and support. This training course is very useful to me and my country.

My stay at the Centre cannot be paid in terms of money for your very warmth acceptance and joyous hospitality. I enjoyed my stay so much in your Centre. Wish I could stay for more weeks.

Again, I salute each and everyone of your very nice and warm cooperation. More power to the BADC. “Iniibig ko kayong lahat” - “Aku Cinta Indonesia”.

SINGAPORE

Mr. Ng Chen Nam

1. PURPOSE

To assist ASEAN countries in the development of intensive shrimp culture and to transfer technical know-how and experiences in shrimp culture which have established in Indonesia.

2. BENEFITS OBTAINED IN THE TRAINING COURSE

Due to the limitation of land in Singapore, the traditional and semi-intensive methods in shrimp culture had been phased out years ago. In order to maximize the usage of the land, most of the large but low production ponds have been converted to small ponds size from 0.2 to 0.3 hectare for the intensive shrimp culture operation. Although we have established our hatcheries and seed production, the intensive shrimp culture operation is just the beginning and to be developed in the coming years.

During the training course, the technical know-how and the experience in the intensive shrimp culture which have been established in Indonesia were transferred to us. The knowledge we gained will certainly enable us to make good progress in our future development of the intensive shrimp culture industries in Singapore.

3. HIGHLIGHTS OF THE PROGRAMME AND TOPICS DISCUSSED DURING THE TRAINING COURSE

3.1 Site selection

The following factors are to be considered:

1. Water supply;
2. Tidal fluctuation;
3. Water quality;
4. Type of soil;
5. Topography;
6. Vegetation; and
7. Others (non-technical factors)

3.2 Seed production

Lecture on the following topics are conducted:

1. Hatchery systems including tank facilities, tank management, stocking density and filter system.

2. Principle method of shrimp hatchery. The comparison of Japanese, Jepara and Galveston methods.

3. Broodstock production including the selection of broodstock, adaption, ablation, mating and spawning.

3.3 Pond management

Lecture on the following topics were conducted:

1. Shrimp culture system - extensive, semi-intensive and intensive;
2. Pond preparation;
3. Grow-out operation; and
4. Harvesting.

3.4 Pest and disease control

3.5 Feed processing

During the training course, the following practical programme was being carried out:

1. Larvae rearing;
2. Algae mass culture; and
3. Feed of pelletizing and crumble diets were practiced.

4. FIELD TRIPS

The various types of shrimp hatcheries and culture ponds at several places were conducted.

THAILAND

Mr. Niwat Sutemechaikul

1. INTRODUCTION

The development of intensive shrimp culture is just beginning in ASEAN countries in which the technical know-how in Indonesia was transferred to us through this course. All the farmers are very concerned in intensive shrimp culture in Thailand. In order to achieve higher production and income, the farmers progressively convert the extensive and semi-intensive methods to intensive shrimp culture method.

During the training course, the technical know-how and the experience from Indonesia will enrich our knowledge and we can improve shrimp culture methods in Thailand.

2. HIGHLIGHTS OF THE PROGRAMME

2.1 Site Selection

1. Soil quality;
2. Type of soil;
3. Water supply;
4. Tidal fluctuation;
5. Topography; and
6. Vegetation

2.2 Seed Production

1. Hatchery system;
2. Methods of shrimp hatchery; and
3. Broodstock production

2.3 Pond management

1. Type of shrimp culture;
2. Pond preparation;
3. Grow-out operation; and
4. Harvesting

2.4 Feed processing

1. Artificial feeding:

   2. pellet; and
   2. flack

2.5 Disease control

1. Parasite; and
2. Pathology

Mr. Tawat Sriverachai

The training course was very successful, the Centre has all its facilities and farm ponds with all the necessary equipments needed at the time of different activities. It has been also a place full of nice and cooperative people all around. The training course helped us so much in our devoted career as aquaculturists. We get plenty of new knowledge which is also important for us to impart to our depressed people in our own country. Our coming here in Jepara, Indonesia is to have an exchange of ideas for the success of each country but most especially to the people towards uplifting their way of life in rural areas.

The training course should have given more emphasis on actual management on shrimp culture. The different places we have gone should be more on shrimp culture, not in traditional fishpond.

I suggest also that the training will be conducted during the dry season and not rainy season because of problems in going to different pond sites. This rendered it more difficult for the trainees to go whenever they want to have some site inspection. The weather was not cooperative during the field work.

During dry season shrimp culture training course is better for different management especially actual management.

ANNEX E
Closing Address of Mr. Untong Wayono

Director
Fisheries Production Directorate, DGF
Jakarta, Indonesia
19 December 1987

Ladies and Gentlemen:

It is a great pleasure for me on behalf of the Director General of Fisheries to be present here on the very last session of the ASEAN Training Course on Shrimp Culture. I do hope that all of you enjoyed your stay as well as gathered some useful knowledge during your three weeks of this training course here in Jepara.

The Government of Indonesia recognizes the important role of fisheries sector in the economic development of the country. Being an integral part of the national economy, fisheries development is based on the strategy for achieving: 1) a more equitable distribution of development benefits, leading to the welfare of the entire population; 2) a sufficiently high economic growth; and 3) a sound and dynamic national stability. This strategy implies that the highest consideration on the fisheries development in Indonesia should be given to the development of the small-scale fisheries. This in turn means that development policies and programme formulation should be directed to encourage the growth of the small-scale fisheries sector.

Our fisheries development has been directed in order: 1) to increase fisheries production and productivity; 2) to increase foreign exchange earning (export) and reducing import of fisheries products; 3) to increase fish consumption toward selfsufficiency in supply of animal protein; 4) to increase income and to improve the standard of living of fisherman and fishfarmers; and 5) to create more productive employment opportunities and to improve fisheries resource management.

Shrimp culture is one of the prime important ventures to be developed to materialize the fisheries development goal, in particular with the government's current drive to increase non-oil export market and in order to offset a decline in shrimp catches due to trawling ban imposed in 1980.

Shrimp has been consistently contributing to highest amount of the Indonesian fishery exports. During the last four years of the Fourth Five-Year Development Plan, it has continuously been increasing both in volume and in value. In 1986, the country generated export of shrimps of 36 100 tons valued at US$284.4 million. This accounts for about 76 percent of the total value of fisheries export.

Pursuant to the above effort the development of shrimp culture is geared through intensification and extensification. By the end of the Fourth Five-Year Development Plan, the government has decided to intensify 120 000 ha of the existing brackishwater ponds and construct 100 000 ha of new brackishwater ponds.

To meet this policy, the government has taken efforts directed towards the creation of more favourable climate to encourage private sector participation through better regulation, acquisition of infrastructure and production inputs, technology development, guidance and appropriate credit scheme.

Although the fisheries development is carried out through economic approach, it does not mean that competition between the small-scale fisheries and the large-scale fisheries will be tolerated without any limitation. The creation of a balanced fisheries structure where different scales of shrimp culture operations work side by side peacefully and cooperatively based on the mutual benefit is vitally important. The nucleus estate and small holder (NES) approach is therefore developed.

I would like to take this opportunity on behalf of the Indonesian Government to congratulate and thank Mrs. Medina N. Delmendo, Project Coordinator of ASEAN/ UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, for the support she had made in organizing this training course. I would like also to thank the BBAP Jepara for the preparation and in conducting this training course.

Upon the request of the Organizing Committee, I declare this ASEAN Training Course on Shrimp Culture officially closed.

Thank you.

ANNEX F
Closing Remarks of Mrs. Medina N. Delmendo

Project Coordinator
ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal
Fisheries Development Project
Jakarta, Indonesia
19 December 1987

On behalf of the Project, I would like to congratulate the trainees for completing their training at the Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Centre at Jepara. I hope that the Course augmented your knowledge and practical skills in shrimp farming.

It is regretted that some participants were late while some others did not make it at all. This could be due to the short period available to process nominations and travel arrangements. Nevertheless, we tried our best to extend every effort in organizing this training course for which the Government of Indonesia was kind enough to host.

For this reason, I would like to extend the FAO's gratitude to the Government of Indonesia for offering the facilities and staff of Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Centre in the conduct of the training course.

To the trainees, I hope that this is the beginning of your technical contact with each other in the course of your work on your return to your respective home countries and that additional knowledge and practical experience were gained during the course.

Good luck to each of you.

ANNEX G
Curriculum for ASEAN Training Course on Shrimp Culture

Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Centre
Jepara, Indonesia
2–19 December 1987

PUBLICATIONS AND DOCUMENTS OF THE
ASEAN/UNDP/FAO REGIONAL SMALL-SCALE COASTAL FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT
(RAS/84/016)

Working Papers

ASEAN/SF/86/WP/1 Rabanal, H. R. Seafarming as alternative to small-scale fishing in ASEAN region. Manila ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1986. 55p.

ASEAN/SF/86/WP/2 Soeyanto, T. The status of Bali Strait fisheries with special reference to Muncar, Kedonganan and Jimbaran coastal villages. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1986. 36p.

ASEAN/SF/86/WP/3 Boongerd, S. and S. Chitrapong. Small-scale fishing for squids and related species in Thailand. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1986. 44p.

Workshop Report/Other General Reports

ASEAN/SF/86/GEN/1 Report of national consultative meeting on aquaculture engineering held in Tigbauan Research Station, SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department, Iloilo City, Philippines, 2–5 October 1985. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1986. 186p.

ASEAN/SF/86/GEN/2 Zabala, P. T. (Comp.) Preliminary annotated bibliography on small-scale fisheries in the ASEAN Region. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1986. 41p.

ASEAN/SF/87/GEN/3 Report on the training course on shrimp culture held in Jepara, Indonesia, 2–22 December 1987. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1987. 63p.

ASEAN/SF/88/GEN/4 Report on the training course on small-scale fisheries extension held in Semarang, Indonesia, 26 January-14 February 1988. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1988. (In preparation).

ASEAN/SF/88/GEN/5 Report on the training course on fisheries extension methodology held in Penang, Malaysia, 13–26 March 1988. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1988. (In preparation).

ASEAN/SF/88/GEN/6 Report on the training course on seaweed farming held in Manila, Philippines, 2–21 May 1988. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1988. (In preparation).

ASEAN/SF/88/GEN/7 Report on the training/study tour of pelagic fishing with the use of “payaw” held in Manila, Philippines, 16 May-4 June 1988. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1988. (In preparation).

ASEAN Fisheries Manuals

ASEAN/SF/86/Manual No. 1 Suprayitno, H. Manual of running water fish culture. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/ FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1986. 34p.

ASEAN/SF/88/Manual No. 2 Godardo L. Juanich. Manual on seaweed farming: 1. Eucheuma spp. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1988. 25p.

Periodic Progress Reports

ASEAN/SF/86/PR-1 Soesanto, V. Project progress report of the ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 5 October 1985–5 April 1986. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1986. 9p.

ASEAN/SF/86/PR-2 Soesanto, V. Project progress report of the ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 6 April-6 October 1986. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1986. 11p.

Technical Reports Contributed to Symposia/Meetings, etc.

ASEAN/SF/85/Tech. 1 Rabanal, H. R. and V. Soesanto. The world fishery and culture of Macrobrachium and related prawn species. Contributed to the National Conference on Prawn Technology, sponsored by the Philippine Fishfarmer's Technical Assistance Foundation, Inc., Manila, Philippines, 27–28 November 1985. 16p.

ASEAN/SF/86/Tech. 2 Rabanal, H. R. and V. Soesanto. Commercial species of shrimps and prawns, their sources and export markets. Contributed to the Seminar on Quality Control in the Production, Processing and Marketing of Frozen Shrimps for Export, sponsored by Food Research Department, Food Terminal Incorporated, Taguig, Metro Manila, Philippines, 29–31 July 1986. 64p.

ASEAN/SF/86/Tech. 3 Rabanal, H. R. Status and prospects of shrimp farming in the Philippines. Contributed to the Monthly Seminar Series on Timely and Related Fisheries Issues, sponsored by the Philippine Council for Agriculture and Resources Research and Development, (PCARRD), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines, 5 November 1986. 24p.

ASEAN/SF/87/Tech. 4 Delmendo, M. N. Fishery administration and policy in the Philippines: Past and present. Contributed to the National Conference on Fisheries Policy and Planning, Baguio City, Philippines, 16–20 March 1987. 35p.

ASEAN/SF/87/Tech. 5 Delmendo, M. N. Milkfish culture in pens: An assessment of its contribution to overall fishery production of Laguna de Bay. Paper read in the Seminar on the occasion of the Fish Conservation Week, BFAR, October 1987. 17p.

ASEAN/SF/87/Tech. 6 Delmendo, M. N. and B. H. Delmendo. Small-scale aquaculture operations in the ASEAN countries. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1987. 49p.

ASEAN/SF/88/Tech. 7 Rabanal, H. R. History of aquaculture. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1988. 13p.

ASEAN/SF/88/Tech. 8 Rabanal, H. R. and M. N. Delmendo. Organization of the aquaculture industry. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1988. 10p.

ASEAN/SF/88/Tech. 9 Rabanal, H. R. Report on the World Aquaculture Society, 19th Annual Conference and Exposition, Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S.A., 4–10 January 1988. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1988. 99p.