MEXICO |
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Product |
Resource |
Economic Value |
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NWFP |
Importance |
Trade name |
Key species |
Part used |
Production system |
Source |
Uses |
Quantity, value |
Remarks |
References |
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Plants and plant products |
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Ornamentals |
2 |
Palma camedor |
Chamaedorea spp. |
l, p, se |
F |
W, C |
I,N |
Production of 1 494 t of leaves and 216 t of seed from wild and cultivated sources in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
leaves are used in floral displays; collecting leaves provide work for 3 500 families (FAO 1995b). Seed also collected and from cultivated (CTCNF 1996) |
CTCNF 1996; FAO 1995b |
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|
2 |
Sotol |
Dasylirion durangense |
p |
? |
W |
N |
Production of 6 tons of plants in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
Aguascalientes, Zacatecas states. (CTCNF 1996) |
CTCNF 1996 |
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|
2 |
Heno, Spanish moss |
Tillandsia usneoides |
p |
F |
W |
N |
Production of 675 t of the plant in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí states (CTCNF 1996) |
CTCNF 1996 |
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|
2 |
Musgo, moss |
? |
p |
? |
W |
N |
Production of 258 t in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
Coahuila, Puebla, Tlaxcala states (CTCNF 1996) |
CTCNF 1996 |
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Bamboo |
2 |
Bamboo |
? |
st |
F |
W |
N |
Production of 127 t in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
Nayarit State; used for furniture and artisinal products (CTCNF 1996) |
CTCNF 1996 |
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Plant support |
2 |
Guia parra silvestre |
Vitis cinerea |
st |
F |
W |
N |
Production of 74 t in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
Tamaulipas State (CTCNF 1996) |
CTCNF 1996 |
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Fiber |
2 |
Ixtle |
Agave spp.; Yucca spp. |
l |
P |
C |
N |
Production of 1 032 t of ixtle fiber in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
Coahuila, Nuevo León, Zacatecas, Puebla, Baja California states (CTCNF 1996); used to make brushes, rope, etc. (González Leija 1987) |
CTCNF 1996; González Leija 1987 |
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|
2 |
Palmilla fiber; bear grass |
Nolina spp. |
st |
O |
W |
N,I |
Production of 703 t in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
Sonora state (CTCNF 1996); used to make brushes, brooms, etc. González Leija 1987) |
CTCNF 1996; González Leija 1987 |
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|
2 |
Lechuguilla |
Agave lecheguilla |
l |
O |
W,C |
N |
Production of 635 t in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas states (CTCNF 1996) |
CTCNF 1996 |
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|
2 |
Vara de perlilla |
Inphocarpus microphillus |
st ? |
O |
W |
N |
Production of 81 t in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
Mexico State (CTCNF 1996) |
CTCNF 1996 |
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Palm thatch |
2 |
Palma washingtonia |
Washingtonia spp. |
l |
O |
W,C |
N |
Production of 26 t in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
Baja California Sur state (CTCNF 1996) |
CTCNF 1996 |
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Palm fiber |
2 |
Huano |
Sabal yapa? |
l |
F,O |
W |
N |
Production of 64 t in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
Yucatán state (CTCNF 1996) |
CTCNF 1996 |
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|
2 |
Palapa |
Orbignya guacuyule |
l |
F |
W |
N |
Production of 2 321 t in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
Nayarit state (CTCNF 1996) |
CTCNF 1996 |
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FONT> |
2 |
Palma real |
Roystonea spp. |
l |
F |
W |
N |
Production of 3 415 t of fiber in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
various states; for artisinal use |
CTCNF 1996 |
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Resins |
1 |
Resin |
Pinus spp. |
|
F,P |
W,C |
N |
Production of 36 731 t of resin in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) Gum rosin production was about 22 000 t in 1991 (Coppen & Hone 1995) |
Jalisco, Michoacán states; collecting resin in Michoacán involves 5 000 families FAO 1995b) |
Coppen & Hone 1995; CTCNF 1996; FAO 1995b |
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|
1 |
Turpentine |
Pinus spp. |
|
F,P |
W,C |
N |
Average production of 6 000 t of turpentine rosin in 1987-89 (Coppen 1995). Turpentine production was about 4 000 t in 1991 (Coppen & Hone 1995) |
|
Coppen 1995; Coppen & Hone 1995. |
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Vegetable wax |
2 |
Candelilla |
Euphorbia antisyphillitica |
l |
O |
W |
I |
Production of 1 608 t of wax in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
wax primarily used for cosmetics; 60 - 80% of production is exported, principally to USA (FAO 1995b) |
CTCNF 1996; FAO 1995b |
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|
2 |
Jojoba wax |
Simmondsia chinensis |
se |
O |
W |
I,N |
Production of 750 – 800 t of seed per year in late 1980s (González Leija 1987) |
liquid wax exported to USA and Europe. (González Leija 1987) |
Gonzalez Leija 1987 |
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Tannin |
2 |
Cascalote |
Caesalpinia coriaria |
f |
F |
W |
N,I |
Production of 971 t of tannin in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
Guerrero, Michoacán states (CTCNF 1996) |
CTCNF 1996 |
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Gums |
2 |
Goma de mascar |
Achras zapota |
|
F |
W |
N |
Production of 393 t in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
Campeche and Quintana Roo states (CTCNF 1996). |
CTCNF 1996 |
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Medicinal plants |
2 |
Barbasco |
Dioscorea composita |
r |
O |
C |
N,I |
Production has declined from 1 404 t in 1989 to nearly zero in 1993 (FAO 1995b) |
substitute sources of steroids have killed the industry (FAO 1995b) |
FAO 1995b |
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|
2 |
Damiana |
Turnera diffusa |
l |
F |
W |
N |
Production of 4 t of leaves in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
Baja California Sur state (CTCNF 1996) |
CTCNF 1996 |
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Yucca sap |
2 |
Palmilla |
Yucca schidigera |
st |
O |
W |
I,N |
Production of 4 791 t of sap in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
Baja California, Puebla states (CTCNF 1996); sap used in food and drug industries; residue used for livestock feeding in Mexico (FAO 1995b) |
CTCNF 1996; FAO 1995b |
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Cosmetics |
2 |
Zábila |
Aloe vera |
l |
O |
W ? |
N |
Production of 258 t in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
Tamaulipas, Yucatán states (CTCNF 1996) |
CTCNF 1996 |
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Opuntia cactus products |
2 |
Nopal |
Opuntia spp. |
l,f |
0 |
W,C |
N |
Production of 2 146 of products in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
Aguascalientes, Coahuila, San Luis Potosí states; forage and food source (CTCNF 1996) |
CTCNF 1996 |
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Agave products |
2 |
Maguey |
Agave spp. |
|
0 |
W,C |
N |
Production of 5 060 t in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
Coahuila, Zacatecas states; forage and source of fermented beverage (CTCNF 1996) |
CTCNF 1996 |
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Fruit |
1 |
Date |
Phoenix dactylifera |
f |
P |
C |
N |
Production of 2 000 t of dates in 1997 (FAO 1998) |
cultivated in Baja California |
FAO 1998 |
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Edible seeds / nuts |
1 |
Coconut |
Cocos nucifera |
n |
P,O |
C |
N |
Production of 1 169 000 t of coconuts in 1997; production of 216 000 t of copra in 1997 (FAO 1998) |
|
FAO 1998 |
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|
1 |
Palm kernel |
Elaeis guineensis |
n |
P |
O |
N |
Production of 16 000 t of palm kernels in 1997 (FAO 1998) |
assumed African oil palm |
FAO 1998 |
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|
1 |
Walnut |
Juglans sp. |
n |
? |
? |
N |
Production of 19 000 t of walnuts (in shell) in 1997 (FAO 1998) |
no data on area |
FAO 1998 |
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|
2 |
Nogal, pecan |
Carya illinoiensis |
n |
F |
W |
N |
Production of 176 t in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
Coahuila state |
CTCNF 1996 |
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|
2 |
Piñon, pine nut |
Pinus spp. |
n |
F |
W |
N |
Production of 181 t of pine nuts in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
Coahuila, Nuevo León states (CTCNF1996) |
CTCNF 1996 |
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Spices |
1 |
Pimienta, pepper |
Pimienta dioica |
se |
F,P |
W,C |
N,I |
Production of 3 788 t in 1994 (CTCNF 1996); 90% for export to USA, Canada and Europe (González Leija 1987) |
Campeche, Puebla, Veracruz states (CTCNF 1996); tree is native; condiment and source of oil (González Leija 1987) |
CTCNF 1996; González Leija 1987 |
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|
2 |
Hoja de laurel, bay leaf |
Laurus nobilis ? |
l |
P |
C |
N |
production of 6 t of laurel leaf in 1994 (CTCNF 1996) |
San Luis Potosi state (CTCNF 1996) |
CTCNF 1996 |
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Edible oils |
1 |
Palm oil |
Elaeis guineensis |
f |
P |
C |
N |
production of 16 000 of palm oil in 1997 (FAO 1998) |
assumed African oil palm |
FAO 1998 |
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Mushrooms |
2 |
Hongos |
? |
p |
F |
W |
I,N |
production of 21 t of mushrooms in 1994 (CTCNF 1996); export of 8,4 t to Japan in 1993 valued at US$465 000 (FAO 1995b) |
Hidalgo, México, Veracruz states; about 3 000 families involved in collecting (FAO 1995b) |
FAO 1995b |
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Cocoa beans |
1 |
|
Theobroma cacao |
se |
P |
C |
N,I |
production of 49 000 t of cocoa beans in 1997 from area of 86 000 ha (FAO 1998) |
yield of 578 kg/ha in 1997 (FAO 1998) |
FAO 1998 |
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Animal and animal products |
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Honey |
1 |
|
|
|
F? |
W? |
N,I |
production of 54 000 t of honey in 1997 (FAO 1998) |
bee species not reported |
FAO 1998 |
CUBA |
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Product |
Resources |
Economic value |
||||||||||
NWFP |
Impor-tance |
Trade name |
Key species |
Part used |
Production system |
Source |
Uses |
Quantity, value |
Remarks |
References |
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Plants and plant products
|
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Fodder |
2 |
Palmiche fruit |
Roystonea regia |
f |
O |
W |
N |
average annual production of 6 000 t of palm fruit (?), in period 1989 - 1993 (FAO 1995b) |
food for pigs and other livestock |
FAO 1995b |
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Palm petioles, sheaths |
2 |
Yagua |
Roystonea regia |
l |
O |
W |
N |
production of some 450 000 dozen petioles/sheaths annually, valued at US$1 979 800, in period 1989 - 1993, including 39 200 exported (FAO 1995b) |
petioles used in crude construction and artisanally (FAO 1995b) |
FAO 1995b |
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Thatch |
2 |
Guanos |
palms and other plants |
|
O |
W |
N |
average annual production of 41 000 000 units, valued at US$1 148 000, in period 1989 - 1993 (FAO 1995b) |
used for construction and artisenal products (FAO 1995b) |
FAO 1995b |
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Resins |
2 |
Resin |
Pinus spp. |
|
F |
W |
N |
average annual production of 668 t of resin, valued at US$300 700, in period 1989-1993 (FAO 1995b) |
average annual exports 456 t, valued at US$205 400 in period 1989-1993 (FAO 1995b) |
Coppen & Hone 1995; FAO 1995b |
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Bark |
1 |
Corteza |
Pinus sp., Casuarina sp. |
b |
P,O |
C |
N |
bark production totaled 6 234 t of between 1984 and 1993 (FAO 1995b) |
bark used to make additives for in petroleum and leather industries (FAO 1995b) |
FAO 1995b |
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Tannins |
2 |
Red mangrove tannin |
Rhizophora mangle |
|
F |
W |
N |
average annual production of 247 t of tannin, valued at US$27 900, in period 1989-1993 (FAO 1995b) |
|
FAO 1995b |
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Fruits |
2 |
Wild fruits, e.g. guayabita del pinar, guyaba silvestre, pomarrosa, etc. |
Psidium guayabita; Psidium guajaba; Jambosa jambosa, etc. |
f |
F |
W |
N |
production of wild fruit in mountainous regions alone is 7 - 8 000 t per year (FAO 1995b) |
guayabita del pinar fruit is made into a typical drink with some exports (FAO 1995b) |
FAO 1995b |
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Edible seeds / nuts |
1 |
Coconut |
Cocos nucifera |
n |
P,O |
C |
N |
production of 26 000 t of coconuts in 1997 (FAO 1998) |
no data on area |
FAO 1998 |
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Forest seeds |
2 |
Various |
Pinus caribaea; Pinus maestrensis; Tectona grandis; Eucalyptus sp. etc. |
se |
P |
C |
N, I |
average annual production of 880 kg, total exported, valued at US$15 300, in period 1988 - 1993 (FAO 1995b) |
area of 2 655 ha devoted to seed production (FAO 1995b) |
FAO 1995b |
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Cocoa beans |
1 |
|
Theobroma cacao |
se |
P |
C |
N |
production of 2 000 t of cocoa beans in 1997 from area of 9 000 ha (FAO 1998) |
yield of 235 kg/ha in 1997 (FAO 1998) |
FAO 1998 |
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Animal and animal products |
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Honey |
1 |
|
|
|
F? |
W? |
N,I |
production of 6 000 t of honey in 1997 (FAO 1998) |
bee species not reported |
FAO 1998 |