This standard provides guidance on the development of training requirements for plant quarantine inspectors in phytosanitary inspection theory, methods and procedures.
Code of conduct for the import and release of exotic biological control agents, 1996. ISPM No. 3, FAO, Rome.
Export certification system, 1997. ISPM No. 7, FAO, Rome.
Glossary of phytosanitary terms, 2002. ISPM No. 5, FAO, Rome.
Guidelines for pest risk analysis, 1996. ISPM No. 2, FAO, Rome.
Guidelines for Phytosanitary Certificates, 2001. ISPM No. 12, FAO, Rome.
Guidelines for regulating wood packaging material in international trade, 2002. ISPM No. 15, FAO, Rome.
Guidelines for the notification of non-compliance and emergency action, 2001. ISPM No. 13, FAO, Rome.
Pest Risk Analysis for quarantine pests including analysis of environmental risks, 2003. ISPM No. 11 Rev. 1, FAO, Rome.
Principles of plant quarantine as related to international trade, 1996. ISPM No. 1, FAO, Rome.
Regulated non-quarantine pests: concept and application, 2002. ISPM No. 16, FAO, Rome.
Certificate II in Quarantine Inspection (various generic, technical and site-specific modules). Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service (AQIS).
National Certificate in Biosecurity (Border Quarantine) with strands in International Cargo Clearance, International Vessel Clearance, International Aircraft Clearance and International Mail Clearance.
Training Programme established through Forest Industries Training and Education Council of New Zealand Incorporated.
Phytosanitary Capacity Evaluation (PCE) of the International Plant Protection Convention. FAO, Rome.
PPQ manuals in electronic format. Plant Protection and Quarantine (PPQ). http://www.aphis.usda.gov/manuals/online-manual.html
Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, 1994. World Trade Organization, Geneva.
International Plant Protection Convention, 1997. FAO, Rome.
Plant Protection Agreement for the Asia and Pacific Region, 1956 with amendments in 1967, 1979 and with respect to Art. 1 in 1983. FAO, Rome.
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APPPC* |
Asia and Pacific Plant Protection Commission |
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clearance |
Verification of compliance with phytosanitary regulations. (FAO 1995) |
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contaminating pest |
A pest that is carried by a commodity and, in the case of plants and plant products, does not infest those plants or plant products (CEPM, 1996; revised CEPM, 1999) |
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Codex* |
Codex Alimentarius Commission |
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consignment |
A quantity of plants, plant products and/or other articles being moved from one country to another and covered, when required, by a single phytosanitary certificate (a consignment may be composed of one or more commodities or lots) (FAO, 1990; revised ICPM, 2001) |
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hitch-hiker pest |
See contaminating pest |
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inspection |
Official visual examination of plants, plant products or other regulated articles to determine if pests are present and/or determine compliance with phytosanitary regulations (FAO, 1990; revised FAO, 1995, formerly inspect) |
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IPPC |
International Plant Protection Convention, as deposited in 1951 with FAO in Rome and as subsequently amended (FAO, 1990; revised ICPM, 2001) |
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ISPM |
International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures (CEPM, 1996; revised ICPM, 2001) |
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NPPO |
National Plant Protection Organization (FAO, 1990; ICPM, 2001) |
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OIE* |
Office International des Épizooties |
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pathway |
Any means that allows the entry or spread of a pest (FAO, 1990; revised FAO, 1995) |
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Pest Risk Analysis (PRA) |
The process of evaluating biological or other scientific and economic evidence to determine whether a pest should be regulated and strength of any phytosanitary measures to be taken against it (FAO, 1995; revised IPPC 1997) |
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phytosanitary certificate |
Certificate patterned after the model certificates of the IPPC (FAO, 1990) |
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phytosanitary measure |
Any legislation, regulation or official |
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procedure having the purpose to prevent the introduction and/or spread of quarantine pests, or to limit the economic impact of regulated non-quarantine pests (FAO, 1995; revised IPPC, 1997; ICPM, 2002) |
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The agreed interpretation of the term phytosanitary measure accounts for the relationship of phytosanitary measures to regulated non-quarantine pests. This relationship is not adequately reflected in the definition found in Article II of the IPPC (1997). |
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phytosanitary procedure |
Any officially prescribed method for implementing phytosanitary regulations including the performance for treatments in connection with regulated pests (FAO, 1990; revised FAO, 1995; CEPM, 1995; CEPM, 2001) |
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post-entry quarantine |
Quarantine applied to a consignment after entry (FAO, 1995) |
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quarantine pest |
A pest of potential economic importance to the area endangered thereby and not yet present there, or present but not widely distributed and being officially controlled (FAO, 1990; revised FAO, 1995; IPPC, 1997) |
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Regional Plant Protection Organization |
An intergovernmental organization with the functions laid down by Article IX of the IPPC [FAO, 1990; revised FAO, 1995; CEPM, 1999; formerly plant protection organization (regional)] |
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regulated articles |
Any plant, plant product, storage place, packaging, conveyance, container, soil, and any other organism, object or material capable of harbouring or spreading pests, deemed to required phytosanitary measures, particularly where international transportation is involved (FAO, 1990; revised FAO, 1995; IPPC, 1997) |
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regulated non-quarantine |
A non-quarantine pest whose presence in plants for planting affects the intended use of those plants with an economically unacceptable impact and which is therefore regulated within the territory of the importing contracting party (IPPC, 1997) |
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regulated pest |
A quarantine pest or a regulated non-quarantine pest (IPPC, 1997) |
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risk profiling* |
The use of specific information to direct phytosanitary procedures to areas of highest risk |
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SPS Agreement* |
Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures of the World Trade Organization |
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wood packaging material |
Wood or wood products (excluding paper products) used in supporting, protecting or carrying a commodity (includes dunnage) [ISPM No. 15, 2002] |
* Indicates terms which are not included in ISPM No. 5 Glossary of phytosanitary terms.
National Plant Protection Organizations (NPPOs) have the responsibility to train plant quarantine inspectors. NPPOs may utilise educational organisations, special training institutes, modular programmes or in-service systems.
A number of subject areas for such training include:
human resource management to deal with personal skills and occupational health and safety issues;
plant health and impact on trade and the environment to cover basic plant health, international agreements and standards, phytosanitary principles, legislation, regulations and national policies, pest risk analysis, regulated pests, product identification;
administrative procedures such as conveyance clearance, mail clearance, cargo clearance, passenger clearance, phytosanitary certification, general phytosanitary documentation, liaison with relevant border agencies and authorities, prosecution for non-compliance with phytosanitary regulations and auditing accredited service providers;
technical procedures such as pest diagnosis, sampling regimes for inspection, inspection procedures for different commodities, the use of electronic detection systems, phytosanitary actions and treatments, post-entry quarantine and passenger systems.
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[1] The references listed in
brackets refer to the definition or revision of the terms as found in ISPM No.
5 Glossary of phytosanitary terms. |
