Agricultural Population

Agricultural Land

GDP $598 966 million

Agric. GDP: 22.7%

GDP $598 966 million

Undernourishment: 20%

Main crops grown:

Policies (regarding plant quarantine)

Yes

No

Does phytosanitary legislation cover domestic quarantine?

x

Does phytosanitary legislation cover import quarantine?

Does phytosanitary legislation cover export quarantine?

Does phytosanitary legislation cover living modified organisms?

Is plant quarantine a separate organization from animal quarantine?

x

Other policy initiatives (under review/progress): The DIP Act is in the process of being amended but is not likely to result in altered import phytosanitary conditions.

Web source for further information: http://www.plantquarantineindia.org/abpqo.htm

Organization of Plant
Quarantine Functions

Responsible Organizational Unit
(Ministry/Department/Unit)

Pest Risk Analysis

MOA/DAC/PPD/PPQ&S/NBPGR

National standards development

MOA/DAC/PPD/PPQ&S

International notifications

Import:

Import permits

MOA/DAC/PPD/PPQ&S/ NBPGR/DBT/State Agricultural Universities

Import inspections

Emergency action

Export:

Phytosanitary certificates

MOA/DAC/PPD/PPQ&S/Notified State government authorities/ ICAR/SAUs

Treatment of commodities

MOA/DAC/PPD/PPQ&S/NBPGR/DBT/State Agricultural Universities

Infrastructure

Year: 2006

Number of plant quarantine officers authorized to inspect/certify

292

Total qualified personnel for plant pest risk analysis

100

Number of quarantine offices

entry points (sea/air/land/mail = total)

34/12/13/ = 59

post-entry plant quarantine containment facilities

140

5 N/RPQS +22 PQS

Number of quarantine service diagnosis laboratories

45

In-country recognized pest diagnostics capabilities (incl. universities, etc.)

Number of laboratories for insect/mite (arthropod) samples

Number of laboratories for bacteria samples

Number of laboratories for virus samples

Number of laboratories for fungus samples

Number of laboratories for mycoplasma samples

Number of laboratories for nematode samples

Number of laboratories for plant/weed samples

Number of laboratories for other pests (snail, slug, rodents, etc.)

– 

International Trade

Year:

Main Import Plant Commodities

Main countries/areas of origin

Quantity (tons)

Pulses and Peas

USA/Canada/France/Australia/ Myanmar

Canada/ Malaysia/South America/ New Zealand/Ghana

Fresh fruits-pome/stone/citrus

Australia/New Zealand, Thailand

Main Export Plant Commodities

Main destination countries

EC/Japan/Canada/Africa/China

EC/Canada/China/Middle East

Across the Globe – Majority of the Countries

Cooperation Projects

Title (Purpose/Target)

Years (start-end)

Need assessment and project formulation for the development of an Integrated National Quarantine

Title of government follow-up programmes

Years (start-end)

Institutional Functions

Year: 2005-2006

Number of import permits issued

20 877

Number of import inspections carried out

Number of emergency phytosanitary treatments taken on imports

Number notifications of non-compliance

Number of conventional phytosanitary certificates issued

100 152

Number of electronic phytosanitary certificates issued

Number of quarantine pests intercepted

Year:

Top three commodity

Top three pest/commodity

# of interceptions

Lists of Regulated Pests

Year of last update

Insects

Pathogens

Plants

Number of quarantine pests

31

Number of regulated non-quarantine pests

Number of regulated import articles

1 681

372 Commodities with Import Risk Analyses

Web source for further information: –
Note: India regulates import seeds and consumption plant species, not pests
see: http://www.plantquarantineindia.org/seeds.htm#

Pest Risk Analysis

Insects

Pathogens

Plants

No. of PRA completed and documented (according to ISPM)

(1 682)

Web source for further information: 1682 Commodities can be imported into India as per the Pest Risk Analysis. Details are available in website: www.plantquarantineindia.org

Main Progress in Recent Years (legislation, policies, infrastructure, investments, training, etc.)

• A new PRA based and continually updated PQ regulation put in effect, i.e. Plant Quarantine Order, 2003, effective since 1 July 2004.
• SPS principles and transparency requirements being met through timely notifications of proposed phytosanitary measures.
• National Phytosanitary certification system being modernized and strengthened.
• Market access and phytosanitary requests from a number of member countries considered and issues resolved.
• National Phytosanitary Standards, protocols and guidelines developed in a number of key phytosanitary activities.
• Emphasis on capacity building; training and human resource development.
• Continuous overhaul of the certification and accreditation system for treatment providers-both fumigators and ISPM 15 heat providers.
• Major expansion of facilities and laboratories under way – Number of new entry points and Plant Quarantine Stations opened across the country, more being opened.
• Modern diagnostic facilities put in place.
• Quarantine treatment facilities using VHT, Irradiation and other treatments being developed and accreditation/certification systems being developed for these facilities.
• Massive survey and surveillance programmes undertaken for development and maintenance of pest free areas.

Main Constraints (personnel, infrastructure, administrative, operational, training, etc.)

• Constraints are mainly in form of staff shortages in the wake of massive expansion of the Plant Quarantine facilities and operations across the country. Also, the need remains for upscaling training of officials and support staff in phytosanitary tasks.

Implementation of ISPM

Relevance

Implementation

Planned/Actual Year of full implementation

International Measures

ISPM 01 

ISPM 02 

ISPM 03 

ISPM 04 

ISPM 05 

ISPM 06 

ISPM 07 

ISPM 08 

ISPM 09 

ISPM 10 

ISPM 11 

ISPM 12 

ISPM 13 

ISPM 14

ISPM 15 

ISPM 16 

ISPM 17 

ISPM 18 

ISPM 19 

ISPM 20 

ISPM 21 

ISPM 22 

ISPM 23 

ISPM 24 

ISPM 25 

ISPM 26 

ISPM 27 

Comments/Constraints
15 adopted National standards: http://www.plantquarantineindia.org/standards.htm
4 standards under preparation

Policies (regarding invasive/migratory species management)

Yes

No

National strategy to control serious field pest outbreaks?

x

National strategy to control migratory or periodically occurring pests?

x

National strategy to eradicate serious newly invaded exotic pests?

x

Other policies: (e.g. subsidies, etc.): IPM/GAP/Survey and Surveillance Project/NRM

Web source for further information: www.agricoop.nic.in

Organization of Outbreak
Management Functions

Responsible Organizational Unit
(Ministry/Department/Unit)

Field/Storage Pest Outbreaks

(e.g. BPH, bollworm, etc.)

Response strategy/plans

MOA/DAC/PPQ&S/CIPMC/LWO/State Government/ICAR and SAUs

MOA/DAC/PPQ&S/CIPMC/State Governments

MOA/DAC/State Government/PPQ&S/LWO/CIPMCs/ICAR/ SAUs/Pesticide Industry

Migratory Pest Outbreaks

(e.g. locusts, birds, armyworm)

Response strategy/plans

MOA/DAC/PPQ&S/Locust Warning Organization (LWO)

MOA/DAC/PPQ&S/CIPMC/State Governments

MOA/DAC/State Government/PPQ&S/LWO/CIPMCs/ICAR/ SAUs/Pesticide Industry

New Exotic Pest Eradication

(e.g. coconut beetle)

Response strategy/plans

MOA/DAC/PPQ&S/CIPMC/LWO/State Government/ICAR and SAUs

MOA/DAC/PPQ&S/CIPMC/State Governments

Control/eradication

MOA/DAC/State Government/PPQ&S/LWO/CIPMCs/ICAR/ SAUs/Pesticide Industry

Reporting to bilateral or international organizations

Infrastructure

Year:

Number of designated staff for surveillance of field pests of national importance

>150 000

Number of designated staff for surveillance of migratory and periodically occurring pests

11 Locust and
32 CIPMCs

Number of designated staff for surveillance of invasive species

>150 000

Number of designated staff for control of field pests of national importance

Number of designated staff for control of migratory and periodically occurring pests

11 Locust and
32 CIPMCs

Number of designated staff for eradication of invasive species

New exotic species found established in country

Insects

Pathogens

Weeds

Total number for year:

Total number for year:

Total number on record

Eradication or internal quarantine actions taken against economically important species

Name of species

White Woolly Aphid

Migratory Locust

Year of first discovery

2006

Location of first discovery

J&K-Ladakh Himalayas

Area affected [ha]

5 000

Area treated [ha]

5 000

Control method

State Government was facilitated with financial and technical support

Inspection/Air Spray/ Pesticide based control in 13 000 feet altitude terrain

Pest outbreak actions

Outbreak 1

Outbreak 2

Outbreak 3

Name of species

Tobacco caterpillar

Year of outbreak

Area affected [ha]

Estimated damage $

Area treated by government [ha]

Expenditures by government [$]

Control method

More information

on soybean in
Madhya Pradesh

Main Progress in Recent Years (legislation, policies, infrastructure, investments, training, etc.)

Main Constraints (personnel, infrastructure, administrative, operational, training, etc.)

Policies (regarding pest management)

Yes

No

Do you have policies encouraging organic or low-pesticide use production

x

Is IPM specifically mentioned in laws or policy documents?

Do you have official Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) or any other relevant food safety (ecofood, etc.) standards for pest management?

x

Is pest management extension separate from general extension?

x

Other policies: (subsidies, production inputs, etc.)

• Increase in financial support for IPM
• Phasing out of subsidies on chemical pesticides
• Emphasis on biocontrol agents, biopesticides and pheromones
• Phasing out, banning or restricting hazardous chemical pesticides

Web source for further information: www.dacnet.ppim.nic.in

Organization of Plant
Protection Functions

Responsible Organizational Unit
(Ministry/Department/Unit)

Policy development

Pest management research

MOA/DAC/ICAR & PPQ&S

Control recommendations

MOA/DAC/ICAR & PPQ&S

Pest management extension

Infrastructure

Year:

Number of technical officers for pest management

Number of central, regional, provincial or state offices

35 Central IPM centres

Number of district and village level field offices

Number of field/extension agents for pest management advice

Number of field/extension agents trained in IPM-FFS facilitation

1 400

Number of government biocontrol production/distribution facilities

31

Number of government biopesticide production/distribution facilities

Number of general extension staff involved in pest management

Number of designated plant protection technical officers for extension

Pest Management

Yes

No

Does the country have a National IPM Programme?
If yes, give Name and Address of IPM Programme: PPQ&S

x

Does the country have specific IPM extension programmes?
If yes, in which crops?:

Does the country have specific IPM research programmes?
If yes, in which crops?:

Does the country have specific GAP extension programmes?
If yes, in which crops?:

Does the country have specific GAP research programmes?
If yes, in which crops?:

Market shares (estimated value, volume or area under control)

Year: 2004-2005

Size of chemical pest control market

39 000 MT

Size of biopesticides market

3 000 MT

Size of biological control agents market

Major pest control requiring crops
(requiring most pesticide applications)

1^st

2^nd

3^rd

Affected crop

Name(s) of pest(s)

Estimated crop loss

Affected area

Number of pesticide applications or 
amount of pesticide used

Government action taken

Cooperation Projects

Years (start-end)

Purpose/Target of government follow-up programmes

Years (start-end)

Pest Management Extension

Year: 2004/05

Number of farmers trained in IPM during the year

Number of IPM-FFS conducted during the year

Number of farmers trained in GAP standards during the year

Area under IPM/low pesticide management [ha]

Area under organic/pesticide-free management [ha]

Crops in which IPM or other ecology friendly programmes are successfully implemented:
77 IPM packages developed

Crops grown organic/pesticide-free:

Main Progress in Recent Years (legislation, policies, infrastructure, investments, training, etc.)

Main Constraints (personnel, infrastructure, administrative, operational, training, etc.)

Policies (regarding pesticide management)

Yes

No

Do you have national pesticide reduction targets?
If yes, what is the target: ____________

Have you ratified the Rotterdam (PIC) Convention?

x

Have you ratified the Stockholm (POP) Convention?

x

Have your ratified the Basel Convention? (hazardous wastes)

x

Have your ratified the Montreal Protocol? (MeBr phasing-out)

Have you reported the observance of the Code of Conduct to FAO according to
Art. 12 of the Code?

x

Have you adopted Good Laboratory Practices (GLP)?

x

Pesticide Registration

Do you require pesticides to conform to relevant FAO or WHO specifications?

x

Do you allow the “me-too” registration and sale of generic pesticides?

x

Do you require data on product equivalence for generic registration?

x

Do you conduct country-specific risk assessments for…

occupational risks?

x

consumer risks?

x

environmental risks?

x

Have you adopted the Global Harmonized System (GHS) for pesticides hazards evaluation and labelling?

x

Do you accept evaluation results from other countries?

x

Do you accept field studies conducted in other countries?

x

Do you require environmental fate studies?

x

Incentives/Disincentives

Do you have a special tax on pesticides to cover externality costs?

x

Do you subsidize or provide low-cost pesticides?

x

Do you subsidize or provide low-cost biopesticides?

x

Other policies: Other policies: Insecticides Act, 1968 being amended.

Web source for further information: http://agricoop.nic.in

Organization of Plant
Protection Functions

Responsible Organizational Unit
(Ministry/Department/Unit)

Licensing of shops

State Governments

Licensing of field applicators

State Governments

Enforcement/inspections

States, Central Task Force

Testing of pesticide efficacy

RC, IARI, PLT, ICAR

Development of pesticide use recommendations

Safe use training/extension

MOA/DAC/PPQ&S/NPPTI

Food residue monitoring

MOA/DAC/PPD & DOH

Environmental monitoring

Health monitoring

Other Stakeholders:

Pesticide Industry Association

Crop Life India, Indian Pest Control Assoc., Crop Care Fed. of India, Pestic. Manuf. & Formulation Assoc. of India

Civil Society Organizations (NGO, etc.)

Center for Science and Environment (CSE), Voluntary Health Assoc. of India

Infrastructure

Year:

Number of registration officers

Number of enforcement officers

>10 000

Number of department quality control laboratories

35

Number of quality control laboratory personnel

>500

Number of department residue analysis laboratories

21 Central Gov’t, 56 States;
30 other Gov’t sectors

Number of residue laboratory personnel

>1 500

Pesticide Trade:

Tons

$ ’000 Value

Domestic Use/Sales

Pesticide Use Profile:

Tons
(a.i./formulation to be specified)

$ ’000 Value

Chem. Insecticides

56%

Chem. Fungicides

15%

Chem. Herbicides

15%

14%

Other purposes

Testing, Quality Control and Effects in the Field

Yes

No

Do you have significant problems with low-quality pesticides in the market?

x

Do you have significant problems with pesticide resistance?

x

Do you have a list of pesticides under close observation for problems

Source for more information: –

Health and Environmental Information

Yes

No

Do you maintain data on pesticide poisoning cases?

x

Do you have a system to monitor pesticide residues in food?

x

Do you have a system to monitor pesticide residues in the environment?

x

Do you have significant problems of environmental contamination from pesticides?

x

Do you have data on pesticides effects on wildlife and ecosystems?

x

Source for more information: –

Pesticide Disposal

Yes

No

Do you have system to collect and safely dispose of used containers and small quantities of left-over pesticides?

x

Do you have an inventory of outdated and obsolete pesticides in the country?
(e.g. banned and no longer traded, but still in storage)

x

Do you have illegal trade in pesticides?

if yes: what is the estimated amount: ______

Note: No estimates made, but it exists.

Note

Source for more information: –

Registration/Regulation/Monitoring

Year:

a.i.*

Trade Name

Number of registered pesticide products

Number of registered biopesticides (Avamectrin, Bt, Neem, etc.)

Number of restricted-use pesticides/formulations

Number of banned pesticides

Number of licensed outlets

>5 000

Number of licensed field applicators (professional and/or farmers)

250

Number of licensing violations reported during year

24

Number of quality control analyses conducted during year

42 900

Number of food samples analyzed for pesticide residues during year

7 800

Number of samples exceeding MRL

47

Number of environmental samples analyzed for pesticide residues

48 0

Pesticides Restricted in Recent Years

Year

Name of active ingredient or hazardous formulation

Pesticides Banned in Recent Years

Year

Name of active ingredient

Main Progress in Recent Years (legislation, policies, infrastructure, investments, training, etc.)

Monitoring of pesticide residues at national level, a new national initiative has been started by the Plant Protection Division of the Ministry of Agriculture to synthesize the efforts and data/results of more that 100 laboratories across the country with view to synthesize and collate their results and prepare the basis for future food safety decision-making and as a tool for policy formulation. This scheme is being handled through existing and dedicated laboratories which have been made updated and state of the art in the current year. The Nodal officers for this new major initiative are Mr Ashish Bahuguna, Joint Secretary and Amand Shah Director, Plant Protection Division in the Ministry of Agriculture along with Dr T.P. Rajendran, Assistant Director General, ICAR, New Delhi. The scheme has started functioning only in the year 2005.

Main Constraints (personnel, infrastructure, administrative, operational, training, etc.)

Genetically Modified Crops

Name of GMO Crop

Area under Cultivation [ha]