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Major Programme 2.3: Fisheries

346.     Major Programme 2.3 will continue to address the implementation of the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF), the International Plans of Action (IPOAs) endorsed by COFI and Council, and other international instruments which provide the framework for national policies to pursue responsible and sustainable development in fisheries and aquaculture. The Major Programme covers a broad range of advisory and other services related to the management, development, marketing and use of fisheries and aquaculture resources.

347.     The broad priorities in the previous MTP have been largely maintained. The prime emphasis on the implementation of the CCRF found echo in the priority on fisheries given in other relevant international instruments such as the Plan of Implementation adopted by the Johannesburg Summit in 2002. The ecosystem approach to fisheries and aquaculture will be developed further and the contributions of inland fisheries and aquaculture to food security will be enhanced. Current information systems will be adapted to new needs. FAO will assist with reduction of Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing through implementation of better management practices, including Monitoring, Control and Surveillance (MCS). Measures to reduce the negative impacts of fishing on the environment will be identified. Overall priority will be given to capacity building, particularly for small-scale fisheries development and in the area of fish trade, quality and safety. Finally, partnerships with regional fisheries bodies and national centres of excellence will be expanded in support of the newly adopted Strategy for Improving Information on Status and Trends of Capture Fisheries.

348.     The Major Programme will continue to devote a substantial part of its resources to support the field programme, the FAO regional fishery commissions and to respond to member countries' requests. Several changes have been introduced to the programme structure and are explained further under the applicable programmes. The main ones are summarized, as follows:

Programme 2.3.1: Fisheries Information

Prog. Entity Time Frame Title PWB 2004-05 MTP 2006-07 MTP 2008-09 MTP 2010-11 MTP Total
231A2(2) 2004-2009 Support to the Strategy for Improving Information on Status and Trends of Capture Fisheries (Strategy-STF) through FIRMS and other FIGIS Partnerships 1,001 1,001 1,001 0 2,002
231P1 Continuing Provision of Fisheries Information and Statistics 4,922 4,922 4,922 4,922 14,766
231S1 Continuing Advice and Technical Support to Member Nations and Regional Fisheries Bodies 1,133 1,133 1,133 1,133 3,399
Programme Reserve 0   0 1,001  
Total Programme of Work 7,056 7,056 7,056 7,056 21,168
Less External Income 46 46 46 46 138
Net Appropriation 7,010 7,010 7,010 7,010 21,030
Real Growth 300 600 900 1,800
Net Appropriation with Real Growth 7,310 7,610 7,910 22,830
Growth in Net Appropriation (Percentage) 4.3% 8.6% 12.8% 8.6%
(2) - The change in the title of the entity reflects a substantive change in its formulation


349.     The programme will continue to provide Members and the international community at large with comprehensive information and statistics on fisheries and aquaculture, in support of status and trends monitoring and analysis, as well as for policy making and sector planning. In addition, it will continue to pursue the development of norms and standards for collection and exchange of fisheries information and statistics. The programme will also seek to motivate development partner agencies to support capacity building.

350.     Entity 231A2 is expanded with a new title: Support to the Strategy for Improving Information on Status and Trends of Capture Fisheries (Strategy-STF) through FIRMS and other FIGIS partnerships. It will, in fact, expand partnerships with regional fisheries bodies and national centres of excellence for the contribution of information to the Fisheries Global Information System (FIGIS) module on Fisheries Resources Monitoring System (FIRMS). This in turn will lead to systematic assembly of consistent and reliable information on status and trends of fishery resources. The Strategy-STF was endorsed by FAO Governing Bodies and the UN General Assembly (UNGA). Entity 231A2 is detailed below.

Entity A1 A2 A3 B1 B2 C1 C2 D1 D2 E1 E2 E3
231A2                   l    
231P1                   l l  
231S1                   l    
Legend:  m less than US$ 750,000
  l US$ 750,000 to US$ 2 million
  l more than US$ 2 million



Real Growth Proposal

In support of the Strategy for Improving Information on Status and Trends of Capture Fisheries (Strategy-STF), the increased resources would facilitate: further agreements for information exchange; dissemination of tools and procedures; new and improved data collection methodologies, standards and guidelines; and technical assistance to countries for capacity building.


231A2: Support to the Strategy for Improving Information on Status and Trends of Capture Fisheries (Strategy-STF) through FIRMS and other FIGIS Partnerships

Development problem to be addressed:
351.     In the context of the globalization of issues related to governance and trade in natural resources, there is a deficit of reliable information. Comprehensive, objective and timely information and increased awareness would facilitate and stimulate more effective policy making, sectoral planning, management and, consequently, fishing practices.

Proposed contribution to problem resolution:
352.     Direct involvement of, and improved coordination between information owners (national and regional centres of excellence) in the development and maintenance of an integrated worldwide information system is a guarantee of better quality information. Advanced information technology, the development of communication standards for information exchange and the new impetus due to the adoption of the Strategy - STF, will facilitate the needed partnerships.

Intended end beneficiaries and benefits:
353.     The international community (producers, processors, traders, consumers, support industries and the public at large) are the ultimate beneficiaries. The intended benefits are effective policy making, sectoral planning and fisheries management which result in sustainable use of fishery resources.

Objective(s)
354.     Increased awareness of key fisheries issues and trends and their inter-relationship with other aspects of integrated natural resource management; and better informed public debate in support of sustainable management of fisheries resources at the national and international levels, based on improved international fishery information standards and quality.

Major Output(s)
  • Enhanced FIGIS functionalities compatible with WAICENT, and modules and workflows for the integration and updating of data
  • Coordination, technical and other support to the FIGIS/FIRMS Partnership and to information provider partners
  • Comprehensive multi-disciplinary Geographical Information System (GIS)-based database on fisheries integrated in FIGIS
Indicator(s)
  • Examples of use of information contained in the FIGIS' and FIRMS' Web site to inform public debate on policy issues affecting sustainable use of fisheries
  • User feedback on the use, content and usefulness of the statistics and other data

231P1: Provision of Fisheries Information and Statistics

Development problem to be addressed:
355.     Members require current, comprehensive, and accurate fisheries information and statistics for policy making, sectoral planning and management, but often fisheries information is lacking, unreliable, incomplete or outdated. As a result, many fisheries policies and practices are not compatible with sustainable use.

Proposed contribution to problem resolution:
356.     The availability and use of comprehensive and standardized fishery information and statistics will facilitate more effective policy making, sectoral planning and management in support of sustainable fisheries use, resulting in improved practices at national and international levels.

Intended end beneficiaries and benefits:
357.     Increased and sustainable fishery production, utilization, food security and livelihoods, sustainable ecosystems and protection of the environment will benefit key stakeholders including producers, processors, traders, support industries, consumers and fishing communities as well as the public at large.

Objective(s)
358.     Availability of comprehensive, standardized global fisheries information and statistics and wide use by governments and other stakeholders to promote awareness of key fisheries issues and trends in support of decision-making, as well as to serve policy formulation in the sector.

Major Output(s)
  • Development of norms, standards, guidelines, arrangements and procedures for enhanced collection, storage, dissemination and sharing of fisheries information
  • Fisheries information and library services
  • Development and promotion of norms, standards, arrangements and procedures for enhanced collection, storage, processing, dissemination and sharing of fishery statistics
  • Collation, analysis and dissemination of global and regional fishery statistics
Indicator(s)
  • Examples of FAO's fishery statistics cited and/or utilized in national and international policy debate.
  • Use and usefulness of FAO's fisheries statistics, information and publications in advocating sustainable fisheries management.

231S1: Advice and Technical Support to Member Nations and Regional Fisheries Bodies

359.     As this entity largely represents on-demand services to Members which by their nature are difficult to plan in advance, no formulation of rationale and objective is provided.

Major Output(s)
  • Advice and technical support to governments and regional fishery bodies on fishery information and statistics programmes
Indicator(s)
  • Number of regional workshops or training courses held on improving fishery information or statistics
  • Number of field projects serviced for improvement of fishery statistics or information


Programme 2.3.2: Fisheries Resources and Aquaculture

Prog. Entity Time Frame Title PWB 2004-05 MTP 2006-07 MTP 2008-09 MTP 2010-11 MTP Total
232A1 2002-2007 Promotion of Responsible Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture 1,790 1,790 0 0 1,790
232A2 2002-2007 Increased Contribution of Aquaculture and Inland Fisheries to Food Security 873 873 0 0 873
232A3 2002-2007 Marine Fisheries Resources Identification and Biodata 973 1,065 0 0 1,065
232A4 2002-2007 Monitoring and Reporting on Global Marine Resources and Relevant Environmental and Ecological Changes 1,410 1,410 0 0 1,410
232A5 2002-2007 Resources Assessment and Management of Fisheries Resources 1,197 1,197 0 0 1,197
232P1 Continuing Global Monitoring and Strategic Analysis of Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture 2,310 2,310 2,310 2,310 6,930
232S1 Continuing Advice on Marine Resources and Environmental Issues 1,405 1,402 1,400 1,400 4,202
232S2 Continuing Advice on Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture Development 1,761 1,713 1,712 1,712 5,137
Programme Reserve 0   6,336 6,336  
Total Programme of Work 11,719 11,760 11,758 11,758 35,276
Less External Income 458 499 497 497 1,493
Net Appropriation 11,261 11,261 11,261 11,261 33,783
Real Growth 500 1,000 1,500 3,000
Net Appropriation with Real Growth 11,761 12,261 12,761 36,783
Growth in Net Appropriation (Percentage) 4.4% 8.9% 13.3% 8.9%


360.     The programme will aim at a sustainable contribution of marine and inland fisheries resources and aquaculture to food supplies, food security and general economic growth, through maintenance of the resource base and the productive ecosystems they depend on. The main thrusts over the medium term are:

361.     While no change to the structure of entities is required, the programme will need to devote progressively more resources to the application of the ecosystem approach to fisheries and aquaculture, following the recommendations of the 2001 Reykjavik Conference. Successor entities are in the pipeline to reflect this, as well as other needs.

Entity A1 A2 A3 B1 B2 C1 C2 D1 D2 E1 E2 E3
232A1       m   m m m m   m  
232A2 m       m   m m     m  
232A3                   l m  
232A4                   m m  
232A5                   m l  
232P1       m   m       l l  
232S1       m m   m m   l l  
232S2     m   m   l m m m m  
Legend:  m less than US$ 750,000
  l US$ 750,000 to US$ 2 million
  l more than US$ 2 million



Real Growth Proposal

The higher and more complex information demands stemming from the shift to an ecosystem approach to fisheries and aquaculture need to be responded to. In particular, use of spatial information and analysis is urgently required. Hence, additional funds would be devoted to the development of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and related capacity building at all levels.


232A1: Promotion of Responsible Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture

Development problem to be addressed:
362.     Significant challenges exist in most countries as to the sustainability of inland fisheries and aquaculture. There is a broad need for technical assistance and stakeholder cooperation for improving resource use efficiency and management, as well as protection of the resources and environments on which these sectors are based.

Proposed contribution to problem resolution:
363.     Greater national and international awareness, improved national policy environments and adequate technical capacities for sustainable inland fishery and aquaculture practices, in particular in relation to the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries, should lead to overall sound sustainable management and conservation of these resources.

Intended end beneficiaries and benefits:
364.     More sustainable resource use and efficient management of inland fisheries and aquaculture will benefit governments, investors and other economic actors, vulnerable groups whose livelihoods depend on this sector, as well as consumers.

Objective(s)
365.     Enhanced awareness at national and international levels; promotion in national policies of the sustainable use of inland fisheries and aquaculture resources, as well as greater technical capacity of groups operating in the sector, such as civil society and producer organizations and NGOs, to manage resources according to these principles.

Major Output(s)
  • Methodology for management and conservation of resources used by aquaculture and inland fisheries
  • Technical guidelines for implementation of Article 9 and other provisions of the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries relevant to aquaculture and inland fisheries
  • International norms for responsible management of aquaculture and inland fisheries
Indicator(s)
  • Evidence of adoption by government agencies, NGOs and other private sector actors of practices and policies, as advocated by FAO, for sustainable development of aquaculture and inland fisheries.

232A2: Increased Contribution of Aquaculture and Inland Fisheries to Food Security

Development problem to be addressed:
366.     Increased fish production through aquaculture and inland fisheries is important for food security in developing countries, but realizing its significant potential in a sustainable manner requires appropriate technologies and methodologies.

Proposed contribution to problem resolution:
367.     Improved local, national and regional capacity to implement practices for the sustainable intensification of production systems in aquaculture and inland fisheries should result in a substantial increase in fish supplies.

Intended end beneficiaries and benefits:
368.     Achievement of sustainable increases in production of fish and the induced rural development in inland and coastal areas will benefit principally those vulnerable groups, such as low-income households, dependent on inland fisheries and aquaculture resources for their livelihoods.

Objective(s)
369.     Improved capacity of developing countries at the local, national and regional levels to implement efficient practices for sustainable intensification of production systems for aquaculture and inland fisheries.

Major Output(s)
  • Studies and methodologies for improved efficiency and intensification of aquaculture and inland fisheries production systems
  • Development of integrated aquaculture-agriculture farming practices for sustainable rural livelihoods
Indicator(s)
  • Examples of methodologies and practices, developed by FAO, in use by government agencies, international organizations, civil society organizations and farmer/producer organizations.
  • Examples of increased aquaculture and inland fishery production using FAO technologies and methodologies

232A3: Marine Fisheries Resources Identification and Biodata

Development problem to be addressed:
370.     In Member countries, and particularly in developing countries, decision makers often lack reliable information to facilitate species identification as well as essential biological and ecological data regarding exploited marine species, which are essential basic elements to the development of the fisheries sector and the conservation and sustainable management of resources.

Proposed contribution to problem resolution:
371.     Access to, and use of improved data and statistics on exploited marine species by national governments, regional and international fisheries bodies and other key stakeholders in a position to impact on relevant policies and practices, should result in a more sustainable exploitation of fisheries resources.

Intended end beneficiaries and benefits:
372.     More sustainable management of fisheries and rationalization of fishery-related activities will provide economic and social benefits to populations depending on them.

Objective(s)
373.     National policy makers of developing countries, international and regional fisheries bodies, and other key stakeholders active in the development of the fisheries sector, will make use of a more reliable information base and improved tools for species identification and essential biological and ecological data of potentially exploited marine species.

Major Output(s)
  • Interactive electronic archive of geographical distribution and data on marine species of commercial importance
  • World, regional and national guides and catalogues on living marine resources
  • Inputs to global resources information systems and FIGIS
Indicator(s)
  • Examples of use of FAO's statistics and tools in national government planning processes, regional and international accords and fishery management practices.

232A4: Monitoring and Reporting on Global Marine Resources and Relevant Environmental and Ecological Changes

Development problem to be addressed:
374.     If they are to pursue sound policies and practices, key stakeholders involved in managing and exploiting marine fisheries resources worldwide require regularly updated, standardized reporting on the state of these resources, as well as improved information on the impact of environmental and ecosystem changes on exploited resources and the marine habitat.

Proposed contribution to problem resolution:
375.     Increased capacity of public and commercial stakeholders to identify fisheries resources practices and formulate policies which explicitly take into account long-term trends and environmental and ecosystem concerns, should result in sustainable management and more efficient commercial exploitation practices.

Intended end beneficiaries and benefits:
376.     Improved fisheries management, exploitation and conservation practices will provide an economic and environmental benefit to countries which pursue these practices, as well as to their populations.

Objective(s)
377.     National planners and policy makers, international and regional bodies and key commercial concerns enabled to pursue policies and practices for sustainable use and exploitation of fisheries resources based on knowledge of underlying trends and understanding of environmental interactions.

Major Output(s)
  • Indicators for measuring ecosystem effects on fishery resources
  • Biennial review of the State of Marine Fishery Resources
Indicator(s)
  • Reference to FAO's fisheries outlook studies in national and/or international planning processes and accords and management practices that support sustainable management of fisheries.

232A5: Resources Assessment and Management of Fisheries Resources

Development problem to be addressed:
378.     Most developing countries have insufficient capacity to identify fisheries management practices that take into account local resource characteristics and environmental factors and explicitly address the objectives and risk preferences of policy makers and other key stakeholders.

Proposed contribution to problem resolution:
379.     Increased national capacity, particularly in developing countries, to identify and implement fisheries management strategies tailored to their particular requirements should lead to more satisfactory policy environment and resource use.

Intended end beneficiaries and benefits:
380.     Fisheries management and conservation practices adapted to local resource conditions and stakeholder preferences will benefit all key actors in the sector, including national governments, industry, and consumers.

Objective(s)
381.     Increased national capacity, particularly in developing countries, to identify and implement operational management strategies, policies and practices for fisheries that take into account local resource and environmental profiles and accurately reflect key stakeholder goals and preferences.

Major Output(s)
  • Stock assessment, alternative resource management and risk assessment methodologies
Indicator(s)
  • Number/examples of countries making policy and strategy adjustments, using FAO methodologies, and explicitly considering local resource conditions and national goals.

232P1: Global Monitoring and Strategic Analysis of Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture

Development problem to be addressed:
382.     Information on inland fisheries and aquaculture resource status and development trends, as well as national, regional and international cooperation of key stakeholders must be improved if sustainable use of these resources is to be achieved.

Proposed contribution to problem resolution:
383.     Improved national capacity for policy formulation based on solid information and analysis, and better cooperation of major stakeholders at local, national and regional levels to develop and promote sustainable inland fishery and aquaculture practices, should lead to overall sustainable management and conservation of these resources.

Intended end beneficiaries and benefits:
384.     Analytical work and promotion of partnership will benefit governments, investors and vulnerable groups whose livelihoods depend on the sector.

Objective(s)
385.     Improved national capacity to identify and pursue policies and management practices promoting sustainable development of inland fisheries, as well as enhanced regional and international coordination toward this goal.

Major Output(s)
  • Development of architecture for global information systems and database on inland fisheries and aquaculture
  • Studies, reviews and analyses of various aspects and issues of aquaculture and inland fisheries
  • Support to regional fisheries and aquaculture bodies in relation to aquaculture and inland fisheries and promotion of partnership, cooperation and information exchange
  • Studies and analyses on applied research and participatory extension services in aquaculture and inland fisheries in selected countries
Indicator(s)
  • Examples of improved national policy and practices of civil society and/or private sector organizations in support of sustainable development of inland fisheries and aquaculture.
  • Evidence of enhanced regional and international cooperation in promoting sustainable development of inland fisheries and aquaculture.

232S1: Advice on Marine Resources and Environmental Issues

386.     As this entity largely represents on-demand services to Members which by their nature are difficult to plan in advance, no formulation of rationale and objective is provided.

Major Output(s)
  • Technical assistance to member countries in marine fishery resources issues and resource management
Indicator(s)
  • Number of missions undertaken in FAO member countries

232S2: Advice on Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture Development

387.     As this entity largely represents on-demand services to Members which by their nature are difficult to plan in advance, no formulation of rationale and objective is provided.

Major Output(s)
  • Provision of technical information and advice on inland fisheries and aquaculture
  • Provision of technical support to field project formulation and implementation in inland fisheries and aquaculture
Indicator(s)
  • Provision of technical advice


Programme 2.3.3: Fisheries Exploitation and Utilisation

Prog. Entity Time Frame Title PWB 2004-05 MTP 2006-07 MTP 2008-09 MTP 2010-11 MTP Total
233A1 2002-2005 Reduction of Discards and Environmental Impact from Fisheries 1,379 0 0 0 0
233A2 2002-2005 Sustainable Development of Small-scale Fisheries 1,495 0 0 0 0
233A3 2002-2005 Increased Production from Under-utilised Aquatic Resources and Low-value Catches 622 0 0 0 0
233A4 2002-2005 Consumption, Safety and Quality of Fish Products 1,218 0 0 0 0
233A5 2002-2005 Promotion of International Fish Trade 1,875 0 0 0 0
233A6 2006-2011 Impact of Fishing on the Environment 0 1,403 1,403 1,403 4,209
233A7 2006-2011 Implementation of MCS 0 888 888 888 2,664
233A8 2006-2011 Capacity Building for Small-scale Fisheries Development 0 1,327 1,327 1,327 3,981
233A9 2006-2011 Improved Utilization of Fish for Human Consumption 0 937 937 937 2,811
233P1 Continuing Consumption, Safety and Quality of Fish Products 0 1,383 1,383 1,383 4,149
233P2 Continuing Promotion of International Fish Trade 0 1,555 1,555 1,555 4,665
233S1(1) Continuing Provision of Technical Support and Guidance to Member Countries and FAO Field Programme in the area of Fishery Technology 2,823 796 796 796 2,388
233S2 Continuing Provision of Technical support and Guidance to Member Countries and FAO Field Programme in the area of Fish Utilization and Trade 0 992 992 992 2,976
Total Programme of Work 9,412 9,281 9,281 9,281 27,843
Less External Income 463 200 200 200 600
Net Appropriation 8,949 9,081 9,081 9,081 27,243
Real Growth 500 1,000 1,500 3,000
Net Appropriation with Real Growth 9,581 10,081 10,581 30,243
Growth in Net Appropriation (Percentage) 5.5% 11.0% 16.5% 11.0%
(1) - Although the title of the entity has changed, there has been no substantive change in its formulation


388.     The programme will continue to cover important fish production, utilization and trade concerns of Members, in particular appropriate technologies and practices in catching, handling, processing, distribution and trade of fish and fish products.

389.     Building on the positive findings of a recent evaluation, the structure of the programme has been modified, bearing in mind the following imperatives:

390.     Hence, entities 233A1, 233A2 and 233A3 as originally designed are to terminate by end-2005, while pertinent elements are retained in the form of the new entities 233A6, 233A8 and 233A9. A completely new entity 233A7 will address the greater emphasis on MCS, including support to inter-country cooperation. Entities 233A4 and 233A5 are converted to CP status in view of the ongoing nature of the work (recoded 233P1 and 233P2). The whole set of entities expected to be active from 2006 onwards is presented below with the necessary details. It may also be noted that the TS entity has been split for the sake of clarity, to distinguish between the two major areas of requests (233S1 and 233S2).

Entity A1 A2 A3 B1 B2 C1 C2 D1 D2 E1 E2 E3
233A6 l       l   m   l      
233A7 l l       m     m      
233A8 l l l       l l        
233A9   l         l          
233P1   l   l   l       l    
233P2 l         l         l  
233S1 m   m       m       m  
233S2 l       l l            
Legend:  m less than US$ 750,000
  l US$ 750,000 to US$ 2 million
  l more than US$ 2 million



Real Growth Proposal

Use of additional resources would be two-fold: i) under entity 233A8, for capacity building for small-scale fisheries development in general, and provision of training materials to end users in appropriate formats, media support and languages. Training institutions in both developed and developing countries would be twinned to provide high-quality educational content; and ii) under 233P1, to assist national administrations and industry in the application of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) and risk-based systems. This would include training in fish safety, risk analysis and use of the global database FishPort, to have better access to real time information on fish chemical and microbiological hazards.


233A6: Impact of Fishing on the Environment

Development problem to be addressed:
391.     Some fishing operations cause negative impacts on the environment, including loss of biodiversity and damage to critical habitats. The UN General Assembly (GA) and the Committee on Fisheries (COFI) have called for determined global efforts to reduce discards of by-catch and incidental capture of non-target species during fishing operations. The World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) has called for the application of the Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries. The TP responds directly to these expectations.

Proposed contribution to problem resolution:
392.     Improved national fishing practices and policy will reduce discards and other negative impacts on the environment and create a basis for sustainable increases in fish production and livelihoods from capture fisheries.

Intended end beneficiaries and benefits:
393.     Sustainable increases in fish food production, conservation of aquatic resources and reduced negative effects on biodiversity and the environment will benefit governments, fishing industry and consumers, as well as vulnerable groups whose livelihood and food security depend on these resources.

Objective(s)
394.     Improved management practices, technologies and policies to reduce adverse environmental impacts from fishing operations.

Major Output(s)
  • Assessment of the environmental impact of fishing operations
  • Global studies on the development and current status of shrimp trawling
  • Promotion of environmentally-friendly fishing
Indicator(s)
  • Changes in fishing technologies and management schemes induced

233A7: Implementation of MCS

Development problem to be addressed:
395.     Countries face practical problems in reducing illegal, unreported and unregistered (IUU) fishing. The costs of aircraft, patrol vessels, communication systems are frequently unsustainable for fisheries and maritime administrations, resulting in weak Monitoring, Control and Surveillance (MCS) and undermining the economic returns from the fisheries. Effective protection of inshore fisheries from industrial vessels can help sustain coastal fish resources, alleviate poverty in small-scale fishing communities and foster improved food fish distribution in disadvantaged areas.

Proposed contribution to problem resolution:
396.     IUU fishing undermines management measures, reduces benefits to fishers and fishing communities, and creates conflicts at both national and international levels. Effective MCS combats IUU, thus national MCS capacity and international cooperation will be improved through a range of technical meetings, workshops and studies and through contributions to preparation and implementation of MCS projects and national plans of action on IUU fishing.

Intended end beneficiaries and benefits:
397.     The direct beneficiaries are national fisheries administrations, in particular those in developing countries. The indirect beneficiaries are the entire range of capture fishery stakeholders and in particular small-scale fishers disadvantaged by illegal fishing activities. The anticipated direct benefits include an improvement in the state of fish stocks and sustainability of fish resources and cost savings for fisheries administrations.

Objective(s)
398.     Improved national MCS capacity and international cooperation on MCS.

Major Output(s)
  • Improvement of MCS at national level, in particular in developing countries
  • Support to international cooperation in MCS
Indicator(s)
  • Reduction in IUU fishing activities, demonstrated through case studies
  • Best practices identified through international consultation and consensus

233A8: Capacity Building for Small-scale Fisheries Development

Development problem to be addressed:
399.     Small-scale fishing communities are often ranked among the poorest. They are faced with an array of problems, including rapid population growth, migration, overexploitation of resources, lack of alternative sources of employment, displacement due to industrial development and tourism, pollution and environmental degradation. Small-scale fishing communities are highly vulnerable to the impacts of natural catastrophes and the high risks associated with fishing operations.

Proposed contribution to problem resolution:
400.     The TP will primarily cover the development of guidelines and extension materials and their demonstration and pilot testing together with stakeholders.

Intended end beneficiaries and benefits:
401.     Small-scale fisher communities, particularly those in developing countries.

Objective(s)
402.     Strengthened capacity of target groups for cost-efficient and safe fishing operations; enhanced participation in coastal management and socio-economic development; improved disaster preparedness.

Major Output(s)
  • Sustainable and cost-efficient fishing technologies and infrastructure
  • Participatory and socio-economic approaches and methods
  • Support to safety-at-sea measures
  • Training and information dissemination networks
  • Procedures for providing emergency assistance to fishermen
Indicator(s)
  • Improved capacity of fishery officers and fishing community leaders as a result of training
  • Uptake of guidelines and techniques

233A9: Improved Utilization of Fish for Human Consumption

Development problem to be addressed:
403.     The widening gap between fish supply and demand and the generally acknowledged limits of production from capture fisheries reaffirm the need to improve utilization of low value fish for human consumption, reduce post-harvest losses and improve domestic distribution and marketing to improve food security in developing countries.

Proposed contribution to problem resolution:
404.     Improved fish handling, preservation, processing and marketing of fish, leading to an overall increase in fish food availability and better utilisation of aquatic resources.

Intended end beneficiaries and benefits:
405.     Governments, fishing industry and consumers, and particularly vulnerable groups whose livelihoods and food security depend on these resources. Benefits are increased availability of nutritiuous fish at affordable costs.

Objective(s)
406.     Improved supply of fish for human consumption due to improved handling and distribution practices and reduction of post-harvest losses.

Major Output(s)
  • Development and dissemination of appropriate technologies to reduce post-harvest losses
  • Support to improved fish handling onboard during landing and distribution for domestic markets
  • Promotion of fisheries contributions to food security
Indicator(s)
  • Uptake of guidelines and technologies (surveys)

233P1: Consumption, Safety and Quality of Fish Products

Development problem to be addressed:
407.     The issue of safety and quality of fish products is of great importance for many countries in the light of increased demand, consumers' safety requirements and the globalization of fish trade. Developing countries cover over 50% of this trade, whereas developed countries account for more than 80% of total imports in value terms. Safety and quality standards are expanding in conformity with the WTO agreements on sanitary and phytosanitary measures (SPS) and technical barriers to trade (TBT). Developing countries need to meet these requirements to maintain and strengthen their market share, and actively participate in international deliberations under the auspices of Codex Alimentarius. They require international assistance to strengthen national and regional capacities.

Proposed contribution to problem resolution:
408.     Improved capacity will be sought through training and assistance for upgraded safety and quality assurance infrastructure and organizations. FishPort, a Web-based information system covering key information on fish safety issues will be maintained.

Intended end beneficiaries and benefits:
409.     Ultimate beneficiaries are fish consumers who will have access to safer and better quality fish. Other beneficiaries are communities and people involved in fishing, handling, processing and distribution because of additional employment opportunities and incomes.

Objective(s)
410.     Improved capacity of developing countries in meeting international safety and quality requirements; reduced post-harvest losses, detentions and rejections of products from exporting developing countries; increased market shares of developing countries.

Major Output(s)
  • Strengthening and capacity building in fish inspection and quality assurance
  • Support to the work of Codex on fish safety and quality
  • Assessment and management of fish safety and quality control systems
  • Development and maintenance of FishPort
Indicator(s)
  • Countries with fish inspection services accredited by importing countries, partly due to this entity
  • Evidence of reduced fish rejection and detentions

233P2: Promotion of International Fish Trade

Development problem to be addressed:
411.     Fish exports contribute significantly to the economies of many developing countries as a major source of hard currency earnings and employment opportunities. These countries need assistance to consolidate their market shares in a manner compatible with environmental protection and national food security objectives and to ensure that fish trade is adequately addressed in international regulatory frameworks.

Proposed contribution to problem resolution:
412.     Developing countries will be assisted to participate effectively in international fish trade. Support will be provided to deliberative forum (COFI Sub-Committee on Fish Trade), and the global fish marketing network (InfoNetwork) with its ability to compile, analyse and maintain up-to-date marketing and trade information.

Intended end beneficiaries and benefits:
413.     Fishermen, workers in processing plants and distribution systems; benefits to accrue for the economy at large; improved conditions for women who are often a majority in the fish processing sector.

Objective(s)
414.     Improved access to fish marketing and trade information and capacity of analysts, policy makers and negotiators of developing countries to identify and effectively pursue trade opportunities.

Major Output(s)
  • Development and maintenance of Globefish
  • Coordination and strengthening of the Fish Marketing Information Services (InfoNetwork)
  • Monitoring and studies of major issues impacting fish marketing and trade
  • Supervision and monitoring of the Common Fund for Commodities (CFC) funded projects
  • Organization of and follow-up to biennial sessions of COFI Sub-Committee on Fish Trade
  • Monitoring and advice on the impact of international fish trade on food security
  • Monitoring and support to implementation of fish trade agreements
Indicator(s)
  • Consolidated market shares and participation of developing countries in fish trade processes and agreements as the result of assistance
  • Increased participation of Members in fish trade negotiations and in sessions of COFI Sub-Committee on Fish Trade

233S1: Provision of Technical Support and Guidance to Member Countries and FAO Field Programme in the area of Fishery Technology

415.     As this entity largely represents on-demand services to Members which by their nature are difficult to plan in advance, no formulation of rationale and objective is provided.

Major Output(s)
  • Support and advice to UN or non UN agencies/organizations, Regional Fisheries Bodies, FAO Regional Offices, Member Nations and FAO units
  • Project identification, design/formulation, technical appraisal, technical backstopping/monitoring
  • Information base and analysis of fishing fleets and gear, and technological developments related to their operation, efficiency and safety in support of Atlas, FIGIS etc
Indicator(s)
  • Evidence of responsible fisheries

233S2: Provision of Technical support and Guidance to Member Countries and FAO Field Programme in the area of Fish Utilization and Trade

416.     As this entity largely represents on-demand services to Members which by their nature are difficult to plan in advance, no formulation of rationale and objective is provided.

Major Output(s)
  • Support to field operations, advice to other UN organizations and NGOs
  • Support to fish technology research and training institutes and extension services
  • Project identification, design/formulation, backstopping and monitoring in fish utilization and trade
Indicator(s)
  • Number of interventions and beneficiary countries


Programme 2.3.4: Fisheries Policy

Prog. Entity Time Frame Title PWB 2004-05 MTP 2006-07 MTP 2008-09 MTP 2010-11 MTP Total
234A1 2002-2007 Coordination and Monitoring of the Implementation of the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries 1,150 1,185 0 0 1,185
234A4 2002-2007 Promotion of Coastal Fisheries Management 1,037 1,037 0 0 1,037
234A5 2002-2007 Promotion of Appropriate National/Regional Policies for Sustainable Aquaculture Development 942 942 0 0 942
234P2 Continuing Global Analysis of Economic and Social Trends in Fisheries and Aquaculture 1,454 1,454 1,454 1,454 4,362
234P3 Continuing Economic and Social Analysis of Fishery and Aquaculture Policy and Management 1,764 1,764 1,764 1,764 5,292
234S1 Continuing Promotion and Strengthening of Regional Fisheries Bodies and Arrangements 3,645 2,868 2,868 3,068 8,804
234S2 Continuing Direct Support to Countries in Fisheries Policy and Management 824 824 824 624 2,272
Programme Reserve 0   3,164 3,164  
Total Programme of Work 10,816 10,074 10,074 10,074 30,222
Less External Income 810 200 200 200 600
Net Appropriation 10,006 9,874 9,874 9,874 29,622
Real Growth 500 1,000 1,500 3,000
Net Appropriation with Real Growth 10,374 10,874 11,374 32,622
Growth in Net Appropriation (Percentage) 5.1% 10.1% 15.2% 10.1%


417.     The programme aims at supporting national, regional and global policies for sustainable and responsible fisheries and aquaculture. This means inter alia to facilitate the assessment and comprehension of the evolving situation of fisheries and fish resources by all stakeholders, as well as the implementation of international instruments and the adoption of principles and guidelines in emerging areas of interest. To this end, the programme will continue to cover, within an unchanged structure, the following:

Entity A1 A2 A3 B1 B2 C1 C2 D1 D2 E1 E2 E3
234A1 m     m   m            
234A4       m         m      
234A5         m   m          
234P2                     l  
234P3 l     l         l      
234S1       l l              
234S2         l              
Legend:  m less than US$ 750,000
  l US$ 750,000 to US$ 2 million
  l more than US$ 2 million



Real Growth Proposal

Additional activities would be undertaken under entity 234P3: the formulation of guidelines for the use of fisheries subsidies in fisheries development and list of various types of fisheries subsidies that are capacity-enhancing. This would enhance capacities of policy-makers to discriminate among the various effects of subsidies.

Additional resources would also be devoted under entity 234S1 to strengthening Regional Fisheries Bodies and arrangements, or supporting more adequately negotiations among Members for the establishment of new ones where needed.


234A1: Coordination and Monitoring of the Implementation of the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries

Development problem to be addressed:
418.     In 1995, the FAO Conference adopted the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries to meet the urgent need to rationalize the fisheries sector. This project spearheads implementation of the Code, which involves, at varying degrees, all units in the Fisheries Department and associated regional teams.

Proposed contribution to problem resolution:
419.     National and international fisheries policies and management practices that better reflect the principles of the Code of Conduct will lead to an improved and sustainable economic, social and environmental contribution of the fisheries sector.

Intended end beneficiaries and benefits:
420.     The optimization of the contribution of fisheries to achieving benefits in terms of food, employment, recreation and trade as well as ecosystem and socio-economic well-being will benefit populations throughout the world.

Objective(s)
421.     National and international fisheries management practices, policies and legislation better reflect principles and provisions of the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries, specifically including gender concerns.

Major Output(s)
  • Regular monitoring and reporting to COFI and the UN General Assembly on progress with the implementation of the Code
  • Dissemination of the Code, technical guidelines, International Plans of Actions and Strategies concluded within the Code's framework
  • Support to implementation of approaches for sustainable livelihoods in fishing communities
Indicator(s)
  • Number and examples of countries adopting the Code and implementing corresponding management practices and legislation reflective of the Code's provisions.

234A4: Promotion of Coastal Fisheries Management

Development problem to be addressed:
422.     Access to coastal fishing grounds in many countries is uncontrolled, and can often lead to over-exploitation of fish stocks, declining catches, falling incomes and worsening of living standards for fishing communities and for those serving these communities. Management plans for these areas are lacking, and where they exist, often do not prove effective.

Proposed contribution to problem resolution:
423.     Better management practices and controlled access to coastal fishing grounds will lead to a more sustainable exploitation of these resources.

Intended end beneficiaries and benefits:
424.     A sustainable balance in the harvest of coastal fish resources will benefit the environment of concerned countries and lead to improved livelihoods of fisherfolks, their families and related communities.

Objective(s)
425.     Countries will adopt methods, practices and management plans that better control access to, and exploitation of their coastal fisheries resources.

Major Output(s)
  • Analysis of coastal fisheries management approaches
  • Global dissemination of lessons learned and methods used for planning and implementation of improved coastal fisheries management systems
Indicator(s)
  • Number of countries implementing or modifying plans for control of access and exploitation of their coastal fisheries resources.

234A5: Promotion of Appropriate National/Regional Policies for Sustainable Aquaculture Development

Development problem to be addressed:
426.     Current quantities of fish and shrimp, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, are insufficient to ensure adequate supplies of animal proteins, and wild fish stocks are already heavily exploited. Aquaculture has the potential to contribute substantially to increasing fish supplies, but past aquaculture development and management efforts by governments have been largely ineffective.

Proposed contribution to problem resolution:
427.     Favourable policies and a supportive commercial and trade environment will stimulate national and international concerns to invest in the large-scale, modern aquaculture enterprises needed to achieve a significant and rapid boost to fish supplies.

Intended end beneficiaries and benefits:
428.     Access to increased supplies of fish, shellfish and molluscs, as well as increased employment in aquaculture and associated industries and services will benefit communities, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Objective(s)
429.     Improved national policies, strategies and legal and economic instruments in support of commercial aquaculture investment, development and trade that is sustainable in environmental and social terms.

Major Output(s)
  • Reports on sustainable commercial aquaculture
  • Workshops for promotion of sustainable commercial aquaculture
  • Report on impacts of commercial aquaculture
Indicator(s)
  • Number of countries adopting policies that specifically promote sustainable commercial aquaculture development and trade.

234P2: Global Analysis of Economic and Social Trends in Fisheries and Aquaculture

Development problem to be addressed:
430.     Continued long-term investment in the capture fisheries and aquaculture sectors is essential to ensure sustained food production levels and their economic viability. The success or failure of investment decisions largely depend upon the accuracy of information used to gauge sectoral trends and future prospects. Developing countries in particular lack sufficient resources to develop this information by themselves.

Proposed contribution to problem resolution:
431.     Improved identification and funding of services and productive assets for sustainable fisheries and aquaculture development by public and private sector stakeholders and enhanced international and regional collaboration will lead to increased and sustainable production capacity.

Intended end beneficiaries and benefits:
432.     Enhanced capture fisheries and aquaculture activities and institutions through better direction of investment will benefit fisherfolks' livelihoods, as well as consumers through increased fish availability.

Objective(s)
433.     Improved identification and funding of services and productive assets by public sector administrations and private sector enterprises for sustainable fisheries and aquaculture development; enhanced international and regional collaboration based on a more accurate and common understanding of long-term trends and emerging issues.

Major Output(s)
  • State of the World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA)
  • Projection of world fish consumption by country in 2020
  • Monitoring and analysis of emerging issues with implications for fisheries and aquaculture at global, regional and national levels
Indicator(s)
  • Examples and success stories of improved resource allocation and investment decisions of public and private stakeholders using FAO's outlook studies and analyses.
  • Examples of emerging consensus on fisheries issues and policies at the international and/or regional levels based on the use of, or citing FAO studies.

234P3: Economic and Social Analysis of Fishery and Aquaculture Policy and Management

Development problem to be addressed:
434.     Exploitation of aquatic resources in many areas of the world is unsustainable, threatening long-term availability of fish supplies and sectoral employment. In order to reduce and prevent current excessive use of fish stocks, Members require assistance in developing, implementing and enforcing agreements and regulations to impose restraint on the part of fishers.

Proposed contribution to problem resolution:
435.     International fisheries policies and instruments and appropriate national fisheries management plans, institutions and regulations will lead to increased sustainability of capture fisheries and growth of economically-viable, environmentally-safe aquaculture.

Intended end beneficiaries and benefits:
436.     More sustainable exploitation of aquatic resources will benefit consumers, through more secure, affordable access to fish and optimized public expenditure on fish products, as well as fishers and others deriving livelihoods or economic benefits from the sector.

Objective(s)
437.     Improved fisheries policies and instruments in support of the sustainable use of internationally shared resources and implementation of national fisheries management plans, institutions and regulations consistent with international instruments and reflecting local social and economic concerns.

Major Output(s)
  • International instruments and guidelines concerning fisheries management and policy issues
  • Consultations, workshops, and case studies in support of national policy development
  • Economic and institutional policies for ecosystem-based fisheries management
Indicator(s)
  • Number of countries implementing specific fisheries management plans and related institutions and regulations.
  • Number of international fishery instruments adopted in support of the sustainable use of fishery resources.

234S1: Promotion and Strengthening of Regional Fisheries Bodies and Arrangements

438.     As this entity largely represents on-demand services to Members which by their nature are difficult to plan in advance, no formulation of rationale and objective is provided.

Major Output(s)
  • Support to FAO and non-FAO Regional Fishery Bodies and to COFI
  • Liaison with UN and other Inter Governmental Organizations; monitoring of the development and implementation of international instruments related to capture fisheries & aquaculture
  • Monitoring and reporting on the implementation of the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF), and, co-ordination of CCRF up-dating
Indicator(s)
  • Participation in COFI and Regional fishery bodies

234S2: Direct Support to Countries in Fisheries Policy and Management

439.     As this entity largely represents on-demand services to Members which by their nature are difficult to plan in advance, no formulation of rationale and objective is provided.

Major Output(s)
  • Advice on national policies for capture fisheries and aquaculture development and management
  • Advice on issues related to management of specific capture fisheries or aquaculture sectors
Indicator(s)
  • Percent of requests handled to satisfaction of Member requesting assistance

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