Tabla 9 Aprovechamiento forestal - madera en rollo autorizada (1996-2003)
Departamento |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 | ||||||||
m³ |
% |
m³ |
% |
m³ |
% |
m³ |
% |
m³ |
% |
m³ |
% |
m³ |
% |
m³ |
% | |
Boaco |
2,750 |
1.4 |
392 |
0.1 |
2,111 |
0.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
|
6 |
0.0 |
nd |
- |
nd |
- |
Carazo |
5,357 |
2.8 |
7,402 |
2.8 |
5,070 |
2.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
9 |
0.0 |
1,714 |
1.1 |
nd |
|
nd |
|
Chinandega |
3,712 |
1.9 |
7,934 |
3.0 |
8,447 |
3.4 |
1,144 |
1.8 |
1,974 |
1.8 |
4,843 |
3.0 |
nd |
|
nd |
|
Chontales |
0 |
0.0 |
2,177 |
0.8 |
4,829 |
2.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
105 |
0.1 |
2,242 |
1.4 |
nd |
|
nd |
|
Estelí |
9,665 |
5.0 |
11,146 |
4.2 |
7,834 |
3.2 |
503 |
0.8 |
2,524 |
2.3 |
3,122 |
2.0 |
nd |
|
nd |
|
Granada |
2,532 |
1.3 |
4,712 |
1.8 |
3,901 |
1.6 |
0 |
0.0 |
- |
- |
1,896 |
1.2 |
nd |
|
nd |
|
Jinotega |
4,948 |
2.6 |
874 |
0.3 |
3,932 |
1.6 |
0 |
0.0 |
825 |
0.7 |
3,156 |
2.0 |
nd |
|
nd |
|
León |
5,195 |
2.7 |
16,650 |
6.2 |
14,228 |
5.7 |
303 |
0.5 |
2,326 |
2.1 |
1,509 |
0.9 |
nd |
|
nd |
|
Madriz |
6,936 |
3.6 |
10,125 |
3.8 |
7,285 |
2.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
2,935 |
2.6 |
1,232 |
0.8 |
nd |
|
nd |
|
Managua |
756 |
0.4 |
2,013 |
0.8 |
12,731 |
5.1 |
0 |
0.0 |
253 |
0.2 |
982 |
0.6 |
nd |
|
nd |
|
Masaya |
2,589 |
1.3 |
3,643 |
1.4 |
3,214 |
1.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
- |
- |
592 |
0.4 |
nd |
|
nd |
|
Matagalpa |
1,924 |
1.0 |
4,360 |
1.6 |
4,925 |
2.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
940 |
0.8 |
290 |
0.2 |
nd |
|
nd |
|
Nueva Segovia |
111,147 |
57.7 |
164,222 |
61.6 |
132,584 |
53.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
42,516 |
38.3 |
83,926 |
52.6 |
nd |
|
nd |
|
Río San Juan |
4,526 |
2.4 |
5,405 |
2.0 |
17,904 |
7.2 |
16,623 |
26.8 |
14,015 |
12.6 |
4,833 |
3.0 |
nd |
|
nd |
|
Rivas |
0 |
0.0 |
5,624 |
2.1 |
3,634 |
1.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
24 |
0.0 |
3,831 |
2.4 |
nd |
|
nd |
|
R.A.A.N |
17,000 |
8.8 |
6,314 |
2.4 |
9,966 |
4.0 |
30,926 |
49.8 |
36,610 |
33.0 |
39,564 |
24.8 |
nd |
|
nd |
|
R.A.A.S |
13,469 |
7.0 |
13,528 |
5.1 |
5,035 |
2.0 |
12,549 |
20.2 |
5,825 |
5.3 |
5,776 |
3.6 |
nd |
|
nd |
|
TOTAL |
192,506 |
100 |
266,521 |
100 |
247,630 |
100 |
62,049 |
100 |
110,881 |
100 |
159,515 |
100 |
143,539 |
0 |
168,984 |
0 |
Fuente: INAFOR.
Tabla 10 Especies forestales aprovechadas en el año 2002 (1 de Enero al 31 de Diciembre)
Cód. de |
Nombre Científico |
Nombre Común |
Total |
Volumen |
Volumen |
Especie |
|
|
árboles |
Aprovechado |
Promedio |
|
|
|
|
m³ |
m³/árbol |
|
|
|
|
|
|
81 |
Swietenia macrophylla |
Caoba del Atlántico |
1,504 |
9,051.969 |
6.02 |
80 |
Swietenia humilis |
Caoba del Pacífico |
142 |
469.735 |
3.31 |
16 |
Cedrela odorata |
Cedro Real |
1,068 |
2,662.730 |
2.49 |
24 |
Dalbergia tucurensis |
Granadillo |
160 |
348.956 |
2.18 |
559 |
Guaiacum sanctum |
Guayacán |
5 |
5.338 |
1.07 |
25 |
Dalbergia retusa |
Ñambar/Cocobolo |
118 |
117.665 |
1 |
55 |
Juglans olanchana |
Nogal |
179 |
457.670 |
2.56 |
9 |
Bombacopsis quinatum |
Pochote |
600 |
1,148.990 |
1.91 |
8 |
Especies |
Subtotal Categoría |
3,776 |
14,263.053 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
237 |
Dipteryx panamensis |
Almendro |
180 |
1,165.404 |
6.47 |
105 |
Tabebuia guayacan |
Cortez |
113 |
368.520 |
3.26 |
43 |
Tabebuia chrysantha |
Cortez |
29 |
73.119 |
2.52 |
P03 |
Platymiscium |
Coyote |
341 |
856.244 |
2.51 |
19 |
Cordia alliodora |
Laurel |
396 |
390.221 |
0.99 |
36 |
Cordia gerascanthus |
Laurel macho |
93 |
55.223 |
0.59 |
94 |
Astronium gravedaus |
Quita Calzon/Ron Ron |
77 |
207.786 |
2.7 |
83 |
Tabebuia rosea |
Roble/Macuelizo |
62 |
245.460 |
3.96 |
8 |
Especies |
Subtotal Categoría |
1,291 |
3,361.977 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
374 |
Laetia procera |
Areno |
289 |
995.528 |
3.44 |
H02 |
Homalium racemosum |
Areno Amarillo |
12 |
58.937 |
4.91 |
201 |
Copafera aromatica |
Camibar |
102 |
289.443 |
2.84 |
439 |
Ormosia sp. |
Carolillo/Caroquillo/Matasa |
38 |
154.514 |
4.07 |
15 |
Carapa guianensis |
Cedro Macho |
6,822 |
27,035.557 |
3.96 |
18 |
Ceiba pentandra |
Ceiba |
1,389 |
11,728.737 |
8.44 |
73 |
Pithecellobium saman |
Genízaro |
1,030 |
2,941.046 |
2.86 |
117 |
Albizia caribaea |
Guanacaste Blanco |
741 |
3,716.591 |
5.02 |
31 |
Enterolobium cyclocarpum |
Guanacaste Oreja/Negro |
1,294 |
6,598.713 |
5.1 |
53 |
Hymenaea courbaril |
Guapinol |
1,029 |
5,110.472 |
4.97 |
B01 |
Bourreria huanita |
Guayabo |
158 |
544.379 |
3.45 |
T01 |
Terminalia sp. |
Guayabo Negro |
524 |
1,697.969 |
3.24 |
P04 |
Prioria copaifera |
Kativo/Cativo |
2 |
7.888 |
3.94 |
14 |
Calophyllum brasiliense |
María/Santa María |
744 |
3,031.018 |
4.07 |
593 |
Vatairea lundellii |
Mora |
296 |
1,253.590 |
4.24 |
H03 |
Hyeronima alchorneoides |
Nanciton |
806 |
3,586.543 |
4.45 |
398 |
Manilkara achras |
Níspero |
90 |
270.554 |
3.01 |
79 |
Sterculia apetala |
Panama |
259 |
504.861 |
1.95 |
L01 |
Lecythis sp. |
Pansuba |
54 |
315.057 |
5.83 |
S01 |
Sacoglottis trichogyna |
Rosita/Manteco |
149 |
401.436 |
2.69 |
20 |
Especies |
Subtotal Categoría |
15,828 |
70,242.833 |
|
Fuente: INAFOR
Tabla 10 (continuación) Especies forestales aprovechadas en el año 2002
Cód. de |
Nombre Científico |
Nombre Común |
Total |
Volumen |
Volumen |
Especie |
|
|
árboles |
Aprovechado m³ |
Promedio m³/árbol |
78 |
Simarouba glauca |
Acetuno/Talchocote |
6 |
9.615 |
1.6 |
600 |
Vitex gaumeri greenm |
Bimbayan |
1 |
1.900 |
1.9 |
602 |
Vochysia ferruginea |
Botarrama/Manga |
941 |
3,399.163 |
3.61 |
Z01 |
Zanthoxylum sp |
Chinche/Lagarto |
12 |
38.534 |
3.21 |
233 |
Dialium guianense |
Comenegro/Tamarindo |
412 |
1,102.592 |
2.68 |
6 |
Anacardium excelsum |
Espavel |
194 |
963.862 |
4.97 |
P01 |
Pentaclethra macroloba |
Gavilán |
17 |
52.663 |
3.1 |
AB3 |
Inga sp. |
Guaba Luna |
8 |
18.820 |
2.35 |
54 |
Jacaranda copaia |
Guachipilin |
3 |
2.984 |
0.99 |
30 |
Luehea candida |
Guacimo de Molenillo |
2 |
1.970 |
0.99 |
AA7 |
|
Guayabillo |
94 |
298.900 |
3.18 |
301 |
Genipa americana |
Jagua/Igualtil |
3 |
3.000 |
1 |
321 |
Hura crepitans |
Javillo/Jabillo |
11 |
101.401 |
9.22 |
12 |
Bursera simaruba |
Jiñocuabo/Indio Desnudo |
12 |
57.960 |
4.83 |
49 |
Gliricidia sepium |
Madero Negro |
270 |
153.996 |
0.57 |
174 |
Calycophyllum |
Madroño |
2 |
4.000 |
2 |
202 |
Cordia bicolor |
Muñeco |
1 |
0.190 |
0.19 |
A02 |
Aspidosperma megalocarpon |
Ñambar/Blanco |
13 |
20.024 |
1.54 |
159 |
Bysonima crassifolia |
Nancite |
15 |
31.688 |
2.11 |
58 |
Hyeronima alchorneoides |
Nanciton |
1 |
4.020 |
4.02 |
11 |
Brosimum terrabanum |
Ojoche |
428 |
824.992 |
1.93 |
603 |
Vochysia hondurensis |
Palo de Agua |
38 |
155.743 |
4.1 |
129 |
Apeiba membranacea |
Peine de |
8 |
21.870 |
2.73 |
66 |
Pinus oocarpa |
Pino Ocote/Pino |
16,385 |
7,309.566 |
0.45 |
470 |
Pinus maximinoii |
Pino/Pinabete/Pino Lloron |
56,914 |
28,800.935 |
0.51 |
61 |
Pinus caribaea |
Pino/Pino Caribe |
|
3,791.284 |
|
303 |
Guarea grandifolia |
Pronto Alivio |
9 |
19.944 |
2.22 |
P02 |
Pithecellobium arboreum |
Quebracho |
100 |
266.814 |
2.67 |
P06 |
Pterocarpus sp. |
Sangregrado |
6 |
21.047 |
3.51 |
M01 |
Mastichodendron capiri |
Tempisque |
65 |
158.739 |
2.44 |
G01 |
Guarea glabra |
Tololo/Guanquero |
330 |
266.027 |
0.81 |
485 |
Pouteria sapota |
Zapote |
6 |
33.930 |
5.66 |
33 |
Especies |
Subtotal Categoría |
76,307 |
47,938.173 |
|
5 |
|
Aguacate |
10 |
17.348 |
1.73 |
52 |
|
Alamo |
1 |
1.230 |
1.23 |
127 |
Andira inermis |
Almendro de Río |
253 |
1,022.423 |
4.04 |
55 |
|
Amarguito |
2 |
5.000 |
2.5 |
3 |
|
Ardillo |
138 |
746.211 |
5.41 |
23 |
Caesalpini velutina |
Aripín |
2 |
8.879 |
4.44 |
7 |
|
Barba Chela |
1 |
2.880 |
2.88 |
316 |
Haematoxylon brasile |
Brasil/Palo de Brasi |
7 |
5.640 |
0.81 |
AA1 |
|
Canelo |
11 |
30.599 |
2.78 |
AA6 |
|
Caobillo |
2 |
4.940 |
2.47 |
Fuente: INAFOR
Tabla 10
(continuación) Especies forestales aprovechadas en el año 2002
(1 de Enero al 31 de
Diciembre)
Cód. de |
Nombre Científico |
Nombre Común |
Total |
Volumen |
Volumen |
Especie |
|
|
árboles |
Aprovechado |
Promedio |
|
|
|
|
m³ |
m³/árbol |
20 |
Cassia grandis |
Carao |
11 |
16.050 |
1.46 |
2 |
|
Carbon |
31 |
67.894 |
2.19 |
8 |
|
Carboncillo |
1 |
0.780 |
0.78 |
C17 |
|
Cedro Cucula |
39 |
178.749 |
4.58 |
1 |
|
Chaperno |
5 |
5.696 |
1.14 |
10 |
|
Chilamate |
41 |
337.808 |
8.24 |
9 |
|
Cocobolo |
2 |
3.848 |
1.92 |
AA9 |
|
Coralillo |
10 |
25.747 |
2.57 |
17 |
Phyllospilon bracilensis |
Escobillo |
2 |
2.547 |
1.27 |
38 |
Eucalyptus citriodora |
Eucalipto |
2 |
315.775 |
157.89 |
33 |
Eucalytus camaldulensis |
Eucalipto |
1,250 |
267.750 |
0.21 |
O01 |
Otoba novogranatensis |
Fruta Dorada |
1 |
1.583 |
1.58 |
51 |
|
Gallinazo |
1 |
1.056 |
1.06 |
85 |
Terminalia amazonia |
Guayabón |
5 |
11.485 |
2.3 |
AB4 |
Karwinskia calderonii |
Gulligüiste |
22 |
21.050 |
0.96 |
4 |
|
Jobo |
367 |
943.868 |
2.57 |
546 |
Symphonia globulifera |
Leche María |
261 |
738.192 |
2.83 |
50 |
|
Damasquillo |
1 |
0.577 |
0.58 |
12 |
|
Mango |
5 |
5.010 |
1 |
46 |
|
Marica |
1 |
0.864 |
0.86 |
47 |
|
Michigüiste |
25 |
3.980 |
0.16 |
18 |
|
Ocornoco |
6 |
6.674 |
1.11 |
49 |
|
Ocote Raton |
1 |
0.288 |
0.29 |
13 |
|
Papayo |
943 |
704.390 |
0.75 |
48 |
|
Pintadillo |
25 |
3.980 |
0.16 |
14 |
|
Plomo |
6 |
16.412 |
2.74 |
506 |
Quercus sp. |
Roble Encimo |
275 |
376.634 |
1.37 |
495 |
Pterocarpus officinalis |
Sangregrado Blanco |
16 |
62.605 |
3.91 |
53 |
|
Sauce |
2 |
2.651 |
1.33 |
597 |
Virola sebifera |
Sebo/Banak Blanco |
113 |
297.093 |
2.63 |
596 |
Virola koschnyi |
Sebo/Banak Colorado |
429 |
1,406.712 |
3.28 |
22 |
|
Terciopelo |
2 |
3.290 |
1.64 |
45 |
|
Teton |
2 |
1.619 |
0.81 |
28 |
|
Tigüilote |
29 |
4.740 |
0.16 |
16 |
|
Tostado |
12 |
40.739 |
3.39 |
C04 |
Couroupita nicaraguensis |
Zapote Mico |
2 |
3.000 |
1.5 |
56 |
|
Zorro |
4 |
4.000 |
1 |
54 |
|
Cornizuelo |
0 |
2.000 |
|
Z03 |
|
Trotom |
1 |
1.000 |
1 |
49 |
Especies |
Subtotal Categoría |
4,378 |
7,733.286 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
118 |
Especies |
Total 5 Categoría |
101,580 |
143,539.322 |
|
Fuente: INAFOR
Tabla 11 Evolución de la industria de aserrios 1997- 2003
Departamento |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
Boaco |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Carazo |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Chinandega |
5 |
5 |
3 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
4 |
Chontales |
3 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
Estela |
12 |
12 |
11 |
7 |
5 |
9 |
7 |
Granada |
3 |
3 |
4 |
2 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
Jinotega |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
León |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
Madriz |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
4 |
3 |
3 |
Managua |
9 |
9 |
17 |
10 |
6 |
7 |
3 |
Masaya |
7 |
7 |
8 |
6 |
6 |
6 |
1 |
Matagalpa |
7 |
7 |
7 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
Nueva Segovia |
32 |
32 |
32 |
17 |
16 |
16 |
24 |
Río San Juan |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
Rivas |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
R.A.A.N |
14 |
14 |
14 |
11 |
13 |
13 |
11 |
R.A.A.S |
9 |
9 |
7 |
5 |
6 |
4 |
6 |
TOTAL |
108 |
108 |
113 |
72 |
70 |
76 |
76 |
Nota: Los datos del 2002 corresponden a la industria registrada hasta el año | |||||||
Fuente: Dirección de Información al Público .INAFOR. |
Departamento |
Cap. Instalada |
Cap. Utilizada |
Cap. Ociosa |
Aserríos |
m3 por dia |
m3 por dia |
% |
||
Chontales |
12 |
7 |
41 |
1 |
Estela |
268 |
80 |
70 |
7 |
Granada |
20 |
16 |
20 |
2 |
Jinotega |
8 |
7 |
0 |
1 |
León |
12 |
6 |
48 |
1 |
Madriz |
45 |
30 |
33 |
2 |
Managua |
136 |
58 |
58 |
10 |
Masaya |
80 |
46 |
42 |
6 |
Matagalpa |
62 |
38 |
38 |
4 |
Nueva Segovia |
671 |
361 |
46 |
17 |
Río San Juan |
53 |
33 |
37 |
2 |
Rivas |
13 |
13 |
4 |
1 |
R.A.A.N |
500 |
386 |
23 |
11 |
R.A.A.S |
151 |
66 |
57 |
5 |
TOTAL |
2,051 |
1,158 |
44 |
72 |
Departamento |
Micro
|
Micro
|
Peq. 6-20 trab. |
Med. 21-50 trab. |
Grande > 50 trab. |
Total |
Total Trab. |
Masaya |
80 |
197 |
59 |
1 |
0 |
337 |
1,246 |
Managua |
309 |
306 |
44 |
6 |
0 |
665 |
1,762 |
León |
98 |
116 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
218 |
433 |
Chinandega |
75 |
133 |
14 |
0 |
0 |
222 |
579 |
Estela |
53 |
51 |
12 |
0 |
0 |
116 |
291 |
Granada |
32 |
43 |
9 |
1 |
0 |
85 |
231 |
Nueva Segovia |
37 |
44 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
85 |
210 |
Matagalpa |
65 |
57 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
124 |
253 |
Jinotega |
23 |
47 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
72 |
158 |
Rivas |
13 |
36 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
53 |
145 |
Boaco |
34 |
25 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
60 |
118 |
Chontales |
35 |
47 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
84 |
180 |
Madriz |
24 |
20 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
48 |
118 |
Carazo |
38 |
23 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
64 |
140 |
RAAN |
5 |
16 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
23 |
58 |
RAAS |
24 |
13 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
38 |
63 |
Río San Juan |
4 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
7 |
14 |
Total |
949 |
1,177 |
165 |
10 |
0 |
2,301 |
5,999 |
Fuente: INPYME
Tabla 14 Exportación e importaciones forestales 1990 -2001
Año |
Exp |
Imp |
US$ FOB |
US$ CIF | |
1990 |
2,243,330 |
1,887,869 |
1991 |
2,481,009 |
1,663,540 |
1992 |
1,616,497 |
2,499,640 |
1993 |
1,880,732 |
2,417,177 |
1994 |
5,250,202 |
2,820,689 |
1995 |
11,540,668 |
2,965,788 |
1996 |
19,186,727 |
2,859,321 |
1997 |
24,103,254 |
20,184,788 |
1998 |
14,889,904 |
5,004,257 |
1999 |
12,093,937 |
3,836,303 |
2000 |
16,492,794 |
4,460,064 |
2001 |
16,252,305 |
5,054,206 |
TOTAL |
128,031,360 |
55,653,644 |
Fuente: Banco Central de Nicaragua (BCN). |
Tabla 15
Exportaciones de productos forestales por país de destino 1995 - 2001
(en dólares)
PAIS DESTINO |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
Honduras |
947,748 |
4,406,042 |
6,333,263 |
4,571,559 |
2,181,993 |
3,346,166 |
1,874,300 |
El Salvador |
3,539,469 |
2,710,362 |
2,393,621 |
3,246,551 |
2,616,873 |
3,415,474 |
5,891,536 |
Rep. Dominicana |
2,373,102 |
4,479,176 |
5,992,339 |
966,721 |
1,210,536 |
1,508,743 |
786,233 |
E.E.U.U. |
2,007,341 |
3,126,317 |
4,762,538 |
1,153,202 |
1,268,159 |
1,575,045 |
1,340,799 |
Cuba |
1,060,464 |
2,452,269 |
1,435,553 |
2,602,852 |
2,251,518 |
2,876,071 |
921,515 |
Costa Rica |
212,036 |
188,069 |
168,470 |
655,791 |
1,068,342 |
2,572,387 |
2,609,415 |
España |
804,322 |
332,135 |
531,536 |
603,066 |
332,134 |
157,643 |
840,874 |
Guatemala |
46,857 |
86,446 |
170,904 |
51,617 |
245,071 |
620,450 |
1,137,039 |
China (Taiwan) |
36,559 |
118,131 |
291,837 |
148,044 |
302,903 |
66,505 |
42,739 |
Puerto Rico |
21,509 |
121,147 |
235,219 |
94,530 |
73,482 |
53,515 |
985 |
Dinamarca |
209,571 |
239,578 |
17,155 |
17,095 |
86,784 |
11,011 |
68,327 |
Islas Vírgenes (UK) |
- |
- |
447,023 |
- |
- |
- |
|
Trinidad y Tobago |
- |
- |
111,242 |
229,563 |
49,103 |
37,042 |
|
Francia |
103,694 |
194,178 |
55,050 |
- |
- |
- |
|
Alemania |
1,000 |
109,152 |
98,591 |
138,851 |
735 |
4,579 |
1,841 |
Islas Vírgenes (USA) |
- |
- |
349,996 |
- |
- |
- |
|
México |
- |
31,917 |
47,707 |
37,142 |
85,259 |
102,424 |
272,513 |
Panamá |
70,924 |
77,484 |
58,644 |
16,673 |
13,308 |
30,220 |
73,917 |
Holanda |
8,670 |
105,118 |
125,892 |
- |
4,134 |
||
Reino Unido |
5,737 |
74,340 |
140,723 |
704 |
150 |
2,028 |
200 |
Sub – total |
11,449,001 |
18,851,862 |
23,767,302 |
14,533,962 |
11,786,348 |
16,383,439 |
15,862,233 |
Otros países (40) |
91,667 |
334,865 |
335,951 |
355,942 |
307,589 |
109,355 |
390,072 |
Total |
11,540,668 |
19,186,727 |
24,103,254 |
14,889,904 |
12,093,937 |
16,492,794 |
16,252,305 |
Fuente: Banco Central de Nicaragua (B.C.N). |
Descripción |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
Mad. Aserr. de Pino |
4,998,007 |
5,262,277 |
8,855,548 |
7,351,737 |
4,411,500 |
4,934,579 |
Mad. Aserr. de otras latifoliadas |
3,670,731 |
5,360,736 |
6,647,088 |
3,792,196 |
2,448,438 |
3,337,740 |
Mad. Aserr. de especies preciosas |
7,234,916 |
5,885,186 |
1,034,801 |
1,526,379 |
2,226,636 | |
Madera contrachapada |
2,373,447 |
9,220 |
473,807 |
477,356 |
1,314,408 |
2,018,868 |
Obras y piezas de carpinterias para construcciones |
63,775 |
243,587 |
99,710 |
666,140 |
745,458 |
991,837 |
Madera aserrada de conifera |
- |
560,001 |
807,634 |
357,012 |
205,368 |
725,382 |
Laminas de plywood |
167 |
- |
40,546 |
251,619 |
557,234 |
1,637,334 |
Laminas de plywood |
86,018 |
236,882 |
499,711 |
371,729 |
205,703 |
150,598 |
Madera torneada |
18,742 |
24,010 |
543,011 |
368,763 |
214,938 |
21,385 |
Artesanias, Marcos de madera y otros articulos |
49,948 |
77,810 |
78,978 |
111,006 |
171,834 |
203,613 |
Piezas elaboradas con plywood |
19,535 |
123,772 |
24,075 |
12,578 |
56,390 |
208 |
Utensilios de madera |
7,351 |
1,047 |
18,303 |
11,481 |
61,213 |
50,382 |
Palma |
14,586 |
25 |
85,925 |
45,862 |
- |
- |
Herramientas, monturas y mangos de herramientas |
74,829 |
- |
20 |
- |
- |
129,354 |
Carbón vegetal |
73,777 |
385 |
- |
700 |
99,386 |
1,030 |
Madera sin aserrar y postes |
- |
8,058 |
30,831 |
- |
9,434 |
28,360 |
Mad. y machim. de Coniferas y latifolidas |
28,487 |
1,108 |
50 |
27,595 |
19,821 |
19,266 |
Leña, desperdicios y particulas leñosas |
- |
23,602 |
2,600 |
2,400 |
23,871 |
4,283 |
Artesanias de madera |
38,224 |
8,850 |
4,136 |
5,776 |
13,842 |
4,762 |
Marcos en general |
2,121 |
1,014 |
1,158 |
290 |
6,584 |
5,109 |
Cortinas de algun material leñoso |
18,476 |
8,554 |
1,211 |
19 |
- |
22 |
Barriles, Toneles y objetos de madera |
- |
755 |
- |
754 |
587 |
2,048 |
Laminas de plywood, artesania y palillos de pino |
- |
120 |
3,726 |
92 |
- |
- |
Madera aserrada de pino y latifoliadas |
- |
- |
- |
- |
1,550 |
- |
Articulos y barriles de madera |
2,125 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Puertas y marcos de madera |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Articulos y artesanias de madera |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Piezas de pino |
322 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Art. de marqueteria y ebanisteria |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Otras manufacturas de madera |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
TOTAL |
11,540,668.2 |
19,186,726.9 |
24,103,253.7 |
14,889,904.4 |
12,093,937.0 |
16,492,794.3 |
Fuente: Banco Central de Nicaragua (BCN).
Tabla 17
Exportaciones de pasta de madera, papel y cartón
(en dólares)
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 | |
Monto |
221,979 |
815,926 |
312,647 |
160,395 |
228,832 |
125,993 |
303,933 |
1,136,197 |
1,264,173 |
924,350 |
PAIS DESTINO |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
España |
479 |
59,678 |
15,743,671 |
105,567 |
37,334 |
14,926 |
75,887 |
Costa Rica |
1,477,773 |
1,555,554 |
2,586,139 |
2,086,936 |
1,503,628 |
1,990,783 |
1,544,037 |
E.E.U.U. |
367,341 |
418,062 |
663,703 |
1,194,829 |
1,017,197 |
1,088,519 |
1,953,986 |
Honduras |
738,692 |
344,218 |
758,574 |
649,387 |
510,372 |
173,806 |
280,481 |
Guatemala |
64,479 |
169,348 |
83,183 |
293,955 |
38,260 |
358,507 |
188,100 |
Chile |
25,890 |
151,026 |
76,640 |
91,479 |
171,985 |
318,042 |
520,607 |
China (Taiwan) |
1,932 |
1,480 |
3,585 |
55,225 |
87,784 |
193,732 |
130,504 |
Panamá |
7,062 |
33,656 |
38,380 |
63,424 |
60,885 |
69,298 |
37,443 |
Indonesia |
- |
- |
22,017 |
84,321 |
145,837 |
- |
|
Brasil |
58,117 |
37,970 |
23,744 |
40,083 |
22,685 |
53,882 |
201,125 |
México |
10,095 |
21,242 |
23,022 |
69,900 |
60,874 |
40,035 |
63,515 |
Perú |
- |
103 |
93,452 |
48,727 |
192 |
61,205 |
2,670 |
Canada |
102,788 |
122 |
1,640 |
15,837 |
37,799 |
117 |
313 |
Alemania |
4,160 |
6 |
3,103 |
44,442 |
21,252 |
36,164 |
9,755 |
Japón |
11,227 |
511 |
- |
64,947 |
26,190 |
628 |
8,801 |
Argentina |
31,312 |
50,035 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
Ecuador |
- |
- |
22,827 |
1,124 |
- |
41,703 |
720 |
El Salvador |
1,306 |
10,655 |
4,582 |
31,056 |
6,309 |
8,567 |
18,286 |
R. P. de China |
199 |
198 |
5,281 |
16,148 |
35,285 |
2,956 |
|
No especificado |
- |
- |
27,058 |
24,287 |
6,270 |
- |
|
Guyana |
54,670 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
Sub – total |
2,957,523 |
2,853,862 |
20,180,601 |
4,981,673 |
3,790,136 |
4,452,869 |
5,036,232 |
Otros países (18) |
8,266 |
5,459 |
4,187 |
22,585 |
46,168 |
7,195 |
17,974 |
Total |
2,965,788 |
2,859,321 |
20,184,788 |
5,004,257 |
3,836,303 |
4,460,064 |
5,054,206 |
Fuente: Banco Central de Nicaragua (B.C.N). |
DESCRIPCION |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
Obras y piezas de carp. para const. |
93,585 |
15,802,209 |
421,527 |
237,106 |
490,485 |
Laminas de plywood |
646,744 |
1,824,526 |
1,558,867 |
722,040 |
1,040,787 |
Piezas elaboradas con plywood |
958,220 |
1,094,136 |
898,308 |
959,561 |
984,408 |
Laminas de plywood |
192,789 |
701,240 |
694,388 |
653,035 |
368,294 |
Lam. de plywood, artes.y palillos de pino |
305,218 |
159,184 |
185,496 |
387,329 |
612,876 |
Barriles, Toneles y objetos de madera |
624 |
197,550 |
495,833 |
197,536 |
243,644 |
Utensilios de madera |
258,981 |
116,840 |
210,972 |
168,178 |
233,202 |
Madera sin aserrar y postes |
142,242 |
104,010 |
152,570 |
1,902 |
248,476 |
Mad. Aserr. de Pino |
14,514 |
4,071 |
170,607 |
169,710 |
12,893 |
Madera torneada |
39,836 |
58,338 |
47,608 |
45,884 |
17,636 |
Artes., Marcos de madera y otros art. |
16,229 |
19,063 |
26,028 |
32,412 |
107,273 |
Mad. y machim. de Coniferas y latifolidas |
90,533 |
9,258 |
7,571 |
72,212 |
647 |
Madera contrachapada |
1,347 |
49,054 |
74,044 |
4,105 |
5,158 |
Madera aserrada de conifera |
50,581 |
24,199 |
7,239 |
46,432 |
342 |
Marcos en general |
18,755 |
11,724 |
25,795 |
20,873 |
26,926 |
Herram., monturas y mangos de herram. |
4,887 |
3,014 |
2,506 |
62,503 |
9,079 |
Artesanias de madera |
6,485 |
3,742 |
8,683 |
9,824 |
37,307 |
Mad. Aserr. de otras latifoliadas |
8,606 |
1,851 |
14,464 |
18,046 |
19,903 |
Mad. Aserr. de especies preciosas |
|
567 |
761 |
22,902 |
- |
Carbón vegetal |
4,963 |
10 |
427 |
4,642 |
717 |
Leña, desperdicios y particulas leñosas |
4,182 |
193 |
393 |
72 |
9 |
Palma |
- |
- |
171 |
- |
- |
Cortinas de algun material leñoso |
|
6 |
- |
- |
- |
TOTAL |
2,859,321 |
20,184,788 |
5,004,257 |
3,836,303 |
4,460,064 |
Fuente: Banco Central de Nicaragua (B.C.N). |
|
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
Monto |
21,095,192 |
20,511,076 |
27,164,353 |
33,108,621 |
38,942,849 |
43,693,624 |
46,843,023 |
53,259,313 |
53,345,742 |
53,850,941 |
Fuente: Banco Central de Nicaragua (BCN).
Tabla 21 Superficie de Área Protegida por Categoría de Manejo
Categoría de Manejo |
No de Área Protegida |
Extensión Ha |
Parque Nacional |
3 |
25,327 |
Refugio de Vida Silvestre |
4 |
92,350 |
Reserva de Recursos Genéticos |
2 |
6,226 |
Reserva Natural |
61 |
1,055,005 |
Monumento Nacional |
2 |
18,930 |
Monumento Histórico |
1 |
375 |
Reserva Biológica |
2 |
313,980 |
Reserva Biosfera |
1 |
730,000 |
Paisaje Terrestre y/o Marino Protegido |
0 |
0 |
Total |
76 |
2,242,193 |
PROYECTO |
TERRITORIO |
FUENTE DE FINANCIAMIENTO |
TOTAL US$ |
AGENCIA |
Periodo de Ejecución | |
|
|
Interna |
Externa |
|
|
|
Reserva de Biosfera BOSAWAS |
Jinotega, RAAN |
806,702 |
5,915,818 |
6,722,520 |
GTZ |
1991 - 2000 |
Proyecto Forestal de Noreste |
RAAN |
|
1,000,000 |
1,000,000 |
AID |
1990 - 1998 |
PROCODEFOR |
RAAS |
134,214 |
6,576,472 |
6,710,686 |
Paises Bajos |
2000-2001 |
Sistema Integral de Areas Protegidas para la Paz (SI A PAZ) |
RÍo San Juan, RAAS |
1,375,496 |
6,715,655 |
8,091,151 |
DANIDA, GTZ |
1990-2001 |
Frontera Agrícola |
Nueva Segovia, RAAS, RAAN, Rio San Juan |
152,574 |
1,373,166 |
1,525,740 |
CCAD, UE |
1996-2002 |
Manejo Ambiental y Desarrollo Sostenible de la Cuenca de Rio San Juan |
Río San Juan |
143,237 |
1,289,133 |
1,432,370 |
OEA, GEF |
1995-2004 |
Programa Socio Ambiental y de Desarrollo Forestal |
Carazo, Estelí, Nueva Segovia, Matagalpa, Jinotega, Managua, RAAN |
1,000,000 |
45,142,000 |
46,142,000 |
BID, FND, ASDI |
1994-2006 |
Co - Manejo de Areas Protegidas |
Masaya, Carazo, Granada, León, Chinandega, RAAN, Estelí |
307,300 |
3,073,000 |
3,380,300 |
USAID |
2000-2003 |
Manejo Sostenible de los Recursos Naturales en Suroeste de Nicaragua - Proyecto Suroeste |
Granada, Rivas |
0 |
459,136 |
459,136 |
GTZ |
2000-2004 |
PROCAFOR |
Nueva Segovia |
|
1,800,000 |
1,800,000 |
FINLANDIA |
1999-2003 |
TRANSFORMA |
RAAN, Río San Juan |
|
1,200,000 |
1,200,000 |
CATIE, COSUDE |
1996-2000 |
PROFOR |
León, RAAS, RAAN, Rivas, Granada, Boaco, Matagalpa, Managua, Estelí, Chinandega, Nueva Segovia |
900,000 |
8,100,000 |
9,000,000 |
BM |
1999-2003 |
PROCASITAS |
León, Chinandega |
|
1,200,000 |
1,200,000 |
FAO, BM |
2000-2002 |
PROCODEFOR |
RAAS |
229,348 |
1,299,638 |
1,528,986 |
Holanda |
1993-2001 |
NICAMUEBLES |
Región Pacífico y Región Central |
115,200 |
2,284,800 |
2,400,000 |
FINLANDIA, Chile |
1999-2003 |
BIOSFERA SURESTE DE NIC. |
Rio San Juan, RAAS |
573,000 |
2,292,000 |
2,865,000 |
España |
2001-2006 |
Plan Maestro Manejo Forestal. Pacifico Norte |
|
|
3,448,275 |
3,448,275 |
|
|
FOCUENCAS |
Nacional |
64,000 |
530,000 |
594,000 |
CATIE |
2001-2004 |
Protección de Bosque Latifoliado (Nandarola) |
Granada |
GTZ |
1992-2001 | |||
FONDO FORESTAL EN FUNICA |
NACIONAL |
|
1,200,000 |
1,200,000 |
BM |
|
Corredor Biológico del Atlántico |
RAAN,RAAS |
915,700 |
11,640,000 |
12,555,700 |
BM, FDN |
1998-2004 |
INAFOR |
12,300,000 |
|
12,300,000 |
|||
|
TOTAL |
19,016,771 |
106,539,093 |
125,555,864 |
|
|
INSTITUCIONES / PROYECTO |
Presupuesto por Año (millones de dólares US$) | |||||||||||||||
INSTITUCIONES |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
INAFOR |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.3 |
1.5 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
PROYECTOS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reserva de Biosfera BOSAWAS |
0.6 |
0.6 |
0.6 |
0.7 |
0.7 |
0.7 |
0.7 |
0.7 |
0.7 |
0.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proyecto Forestal de Noreste |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PROCODEFOR |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.4 |
3.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
Sistema Integral de Areas Protegidas para la Paz (SI A PAZ) |
0.7 |
0.75 |
0.75 |
0.75 |
0.75 |
0.75 |
0.84 |
0.7 |
0.7 |
0.7 |
0.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
Frontera Agrícola |
|
|
|
|
|
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
|
|
|
|
Manejo Ambiental y Desarrollo Sostenible de la Cuenca de Rio San Juan |
|
|
|
|
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
|
|
Programa Socio Ambiental y de Desarrollo Forestal |
|
|
|
3.6 |
3.6 |
3.6 |
3.6 |
3.6 |
3.6 |
3.5 |
3.5 |
3.5 |
3.5 |
3.5 |
3.5 |
3.5 |
Co - Manejo de Areas Protegidas |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.8 |
0.8 |
0.8 |
0.9 |
|
|
|
Manejo Sostenible de los Recursos Naturales en Suroeste de Nicaragua - Proyecto Suroeste |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
|
|
|
PROCAFOR |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.38 |
0.38 |
0.37 |
0.37 |
0.37 |
|
|
|
TRANSFORMA |
|
|
|
|
|
0.25 |
0.25 |
0.25 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
PROFOR |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.8 |
1.8 |
1.8 |
1.8 |
1.8 |
|
|
|
PROCASITAS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
|
|
|
|
PROCODEFOR |
|
|
0.18 |
0.18 |
0.17 |
0.17 |
0.17 |
0.17 |
0.17 |
0.17 |
0.17 |
|
|
|
|
|
NICAMUEBLES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.4 |
|
|
|
BIOSFERA SURESTE DE NIC. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
FOCUENCAS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.15 |
0.15 |
0.14 |
0.15 |
|
|
Plan Maestro Manejo Forestal. Pacifico Norte |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.14 |
1.14 |
1.2 |
|
|
Protección de Bosque Latifoliado (Nandarola) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fondo Forestal FUNICA |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.6 |
0.6 |
|
Corredor Biológico del Atlántico |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.7 |
1.8 |
1.8 |
1.8 |
1.8 |
1.8 |
1.8 |
|
|
TOTAL |
1.4 |
1.55 |
1.73 |
5.33 |
5.42 |
5.87 |
6.06 |
7.52 |
11.75 |
16.25 |
16.19 |
13.06 |
12.45 |
9.45 |
6 |
5.4 |
Fuente: Sistema Nacional de Inversión Pública. Secretaría de la Presidencia, 2003.Fichas de proyectos
Tabla 24 Incendios agropecuarios y forestales en Nicaragua 2000-2001
Región |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
Pacífico |
370 |
854 |
1,087 |
789 |
446 |
1,573 |
1,955 |
Central |
1,083 |
1,516 |
2,207 |
4,461 |
574 |
1,194 |
1,277 |
Atlántico |
58 |
2,653 |
6,148 |
9,946 |
1,503 |
1,878 |
2,034 |
Total |
1,511 |
5,023 |
9,442 |
15,196 |
2,523 |
4,645 |
5,266 |
Fuente: INAFOR |
Tabla 25
Evolución de la población y proyecciones 2005-2020
(en miles de
habitantes)
Año |
Población Total |
Población Masculina |
Población Femenina |
1975 |
2,497 |
1,247 |
1,250 |
1980 |
2,920 |
1,458 |
1,462 |
1985 |
3,403 |
1,696 |
1,707 |
1990 |
3,826 |
1,899 |
1,927 |
1995 |
4,425 |
2,198 |
2,227 |
2000 |
5,074 |
2,523 |
2,551 |
2005 |
5,800 |
2,889 |
2,911 |
2010 |
6,528 |
3,255 |
3,273 |
2015 |
7,270.0 |
3,629 |
3,641 |
2020 |
7,996 |
3,994 |
4,002 |
2025 |
8,695 |
4,345 |
4,350 |
2030 |
9,353 |
4,672 |
4,681 |
2035 |
9,957 |
4,971 |
4,986 |
2040 |
10,544 |
5,259 |
5,285 |
2045 |
11,096 |
5,528 |
5,568 |
Fuente: INEC |
Departamentos |
Población |
Superficie |
Densidad | ||
Hab |
% |
Km ² |
% |
Hab/Km ² | |
Pacifico |
2,986,316 |
55.90 |
18638 |
15.54 |
160.23 |
Chinandega |
428,110 |
8.01 |
4,822 |
4.02 |
88.78 |
León |
387,929 |
7.26 |
5,457 |
4.55 |
71.09 |
Managua |
1,335,869 |
25.01 |
3,465 |
2.89 |
385.53 |
Carazo |
175,078 |
3.28 |
1,081 |
0.90 |
161.96 |
Masaya |
306,667 |
5.74 |
611 |
0.51 |
501.91 |
Granada |
187,672 |
3.51 |
1,040 |
0.87 |
180.45 |
Rivas |
164,991 |
3.09 |
2,162 |
1.80 |
76.31 |
Central |
1,747,457 |
32.71 |
41,654 |
34.72 |
41.95 |
Nueva Segovia |
207,775 |
3.89 |
3,093 |
2.58 |
67.18 |
Madriz |
130,906 |
2.45 |
1,708 |
1.42 |
76.64 |
Estelí |
208,445 |
3.90 |
2,230 |
1.86 |
93.47 |
Jinotega |
291,848 |
5.46 |
9,620 |
8.02 |
30.34 |
Boaco |
165,532 |
3.10 |
4,177 |
3.48 |
39.63 |
Chontales |
177,037 |
3.31 |
6,481 |
5.40 |
27.32 |
Matagalpa |
473,447 |
8.86 |
6,804 |
5.67 |
69.58 |
Río San Juan |
92,467 |
1.73 |
7,541 |
6.29 |
12.26 |
Atlantico |
608,113 |
11.38 |
59,673 |
49.74 |
10.19 |
RAAN |
243,854 |
4.56 |
32,127 |
26.78 |
7.59 |
RAAS |
364,259 |
6.82 |
27,546 |
22.96 |
13.22 |
TOTAL |
5,341,886 |
100.00 |
119,965 |
100.00 |
44.53 |
1993 |
1998 |
2001 |
1993 |
1998 |
2001 | |
Incidencia de la pobreza |
Pobres |
Pobres |
Pobres |
Pobres extremos |
Pobres extremos |
Pobres extremos |
La República |
50.3 |
47.9 |
45.8 |
19.4 |
17.3 |
15.1 |
Urbano |
31.9 |
30.5 |
30.1 |
7.3 |
7.6 |
6.2 |
Rural |
76.1 |
68.5 |
67.8 |
36.3 |
28.9 |
27.4 |
Fuente: NEC. Informe General. Encuesta Nacional de Medición de Nivel de Vida., 2001. Estrategia Reforzada de Crecimiento Económico y Reducción de la Pobreza.
Tabla 28 Indicadores del Mapa de Pobreza extrema de Nicaragua por Departamento
Departamento |
Extension |
Número |
Pobreza |
Brecha
de la |
Brecha
de la |
Proporción de |
ATLANTICO |
74.5 |
162,282 |
168.50 |
30.00 |
13,409 |
22.8 |
RAAN |
43.7 |
79,173 |
92.00 |
20.30 |
7,817 |
13.3 |
RAAS |
30.8 |
83,109 |
76.50 |
9.70 |
5,592 |
9.5 |
CENTRAL |
262 |
459,276 |
642.00 |
81.80 |
30,330 |
51.4 |
Jinotega |
37 |
89,533 |
92.20 |
12.60 |
6,485 |
11 |
Rio San Juan |
36.3 |
25,369 |
86.70 |
12.10 |
1,793 |
3 |
Madriz |
37.1 |
39,695 |
85.70 |
11.30 |
2,572 |
4.4 |
Nueva Segovia |
34.1 |
55,151 |
68.20 |
10.30 |
3,534 |
6 |
Boaco |
32.8 |
44,787 |
86.90 |
10.00 |
2,891 |
4.9 |
Matagalpa |
31.9 |
121,852 |
83.40 |
9.50 |
7,736 |
13.1 |
Chontales |
29.4 |
42,253 |
68.90 |
9.20 |
2,819 |
4.8 |
Esteli |
23.4 |
40,636 |
70.00 |
6.80 |
2,500 |
4.2 |
PACIFICO |
110.6 |
288,013 |
422.10 |
27.80 |
15,140 |
25.7 |
Chinandega |
20.9 |
72,924 |
64.00 |
5.50 |
4,041 |
6.9 |
Rivas |
20.3 |
28,427 |
83.90 |
5.20 |
1,529 |
2.6 |
Leon |
19 |
63,736 |
71.40 |
4.90 |
3,484 |
5.9 |
Granada |
17 |
26,203 |
62.60 |
4.30 |
1,414 |
2.4 |
Carazo |
15.5 |
23,047 |
64.40 |
3.80 |
1,203 |
2 |
Masaya |
14.3 |
34,482 |
60.10 |
3.40 |
1,756 |
3 |
Managua |
3.6 |
39,194 |
15.70 |
0.70 |
1,713 |
2.9 |
TOTAL |
447.1 |
909,571 |
1,232.60 |
139.60 |
58,879 |
99.9 |
Concepto |
1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 p/ |
PIB |
18,142 |
18,108 |
18,178 |
18,107 |
18,711 |
19,518 |
20,450 |
21,494 |
22,368 |
24,031 |
25,449 |
26,251 |
26,527 |
Actividad Primaria |
4,495 |
4,320 |
4,452 |
4,533 |
5,029 |
5,278 |
5,655 |
6,125 |
6,338 |
6,849 |
7,705 |
7,945 |
7,715 |
Agricultura |
2,887 |
2,742 |
2,727 |
2,558 |
2,990 |
3,206 |
3,557 |
3,902 |
4,101 |
4,476 |
5,030 |
5,182 |
4,809 |
Pecuario |
1,508 |
1,455 |
1,582 |
1,775 |
1,767 |
1,692 |
1,708 |
1,813 |
1,780 |
1,908 |
2,152 |
2,283 |
2,435 |
Pesca |
50 |
72 |
91 |
148 |
218 |
326 |
333 |
353 |
397 |
403 |
459 |
415 |
402 |
Silvicultura |
51 |
51 |
52 |
52 |
53 |
55 |
56 |
58 |
60 |
62 |
64 |
66 |
69 |
Actividad Secundaria |
4,688 |
4,899 |
4,739 |
4,753 |
4,871 |
5,137 |
5,424 |
5,730 |
6,038 |
6,787 |
7,020 |
7,261 |
7,445 |
Industria Manufacturera |
4,026 |
4,284 |
4,064 |
4,066 |
4,097 |
4,213 |
4,313 |
4,479 |
4,575 |
4,752 |
4,878 |
5,008 |
5,125 |
Construcción |
555 |
510 |
553 |
561 |
661 |
776 |
917 |
1,009 |
1,114 |
1,640 |
1,811 |
1,905 |
1,913 |
Minería |
107 |
105 |
123 |
126 |
114 |
148 |
194 |
242 |
350 |
395 |
331 |
347 |
406 |
Actividad terciaria |
8,960 |
8,888 |
8,986 |
8,820 |
8,811 |
9,103 |
9,371 |
9,639 |
9,992 |
10,396 |
10,723 |
11,045 |
11,368 |
Comercio |
3,118 |
3,268 |
3,312 |
3,231 |
3,284 |
3,452 |
3,628 |
3,820 |
4,007 |
4,234 |
4,400 |
4,547 |
4,689 |
Gobierno General |
2,317 |
2,027 |
2,028 |
1,992 |
1,882 |
1,848 |
1,775 |
1,662 |
1,667 |
1,651 |
1,646 |
1,654 |
1,661 |
Transporte y Comunicaciones |
881 |
923 |
935 |
898 |
892 |
938 |
982 |
1,034 |
1,083 |
1,144 |
1,189 |
1,229 |
1,267 |
Bancos y Seguros |
600 |
589 |
589 |
581 |
589 |
608 |
630 |
657 |
687 |
720 |
743 |
769 |
796 |
Energía y agua Potable |
538 |
540 |
556 |
564 |
583 |
617 |
654 |
693 |
714 |
721 |
736 |
754 |
775 |
Propiedad de Vivienda |
752 |
757 |
762 |
765 |
769 |
795 |
823 |
855 |
877 |
917 |
957 |
995 |
1,035 |
Otros Servicios |
754 |
786 |
804 |
790 |
811 |
844 |
880 |
919 |
957 |
1,007 |
1,053 |
1,097 |
1,144 |
Fuente : Gerencia de Estudios Económicos - BCN. |
Tabla 30
Producto Interno Bruto en porcentajes
(en porcentajes)
Concepto |
1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 p/ |
PIB |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
Actividad Primaria |
25% |
24% |
24% |
25% |
27% |
27% |
28% |
28% |
28% |
29% |
30% |
30% |
29% |
Agricultura |
15.9% |
15.1% |
15.0% |
14.1% |
16.0% |
16.4% |
17.4% |
18.2% |
18.3% |
18.6% |
19.8% |
19.7% |
18.1% |
Pecuario |
8.3% |
8.0% |
8.7% |
9.8% |
9.4% |
8.7% |
8.4% |
8.4% |
8.0% |
7.9% |
8.5% |
8.7% |
9.2% |
Pesca |
0.3% |
0.4% |
0.5% |
0.8% |
1.2% |
1.7% |
1.6% |
1.6% |
1.8% |
1.7% |
1.8% |
1.6% |
1.5% |
Silvicultura |
0.3% |
0.3% |
0.3% |
0.3% |
0.3% |
0.3% |
0.3% |
0.3% |
0.3% |
0.3% |
0.3% |
0.3% |
0.3% |
Actividad Secundaria |
25.8% |
27.1% |
26.1% |
26.3% |
26.0% |
26.3% |
26.5% |
26.7% |
27.0% |
28.2% |
27.6% |
27.7% |
28.1% |
Industria Manufacturera |
22.2% |
23.7% |
22.4% |
22.5% |
21.9% |
21.6% |
21.1% |
20.8% |
20.5% |
19.8% |
19.2% |
19.1% |
19.3% |
Construcción |
3.1% |
2.8% |
3.0% |
3.1% |
3.5% |
4.0% |
4.5% |
4.7% |
5.0% |
6.8% |
7.1% |
7.3% |
7.2% |
Minería |
0.6% |
0.6% |
0.7% |
0.7% |
0.6% |
0.8% |
0.9% |
1.1% |
1.6% |
1.6% |
1.3% |
1.3% |
1.5% |
Actividad terciaria |
49.4% |
49.1% |
49.4% |
48.7% |
47.1% |
46.6% |
45.8% |
44.8% |
44.7% |
43.3% |
42.1% |
42.1% |
42.9% |
Comercio |
17.2% |
18.0% |
18.2% |
17.8% |
17.6% |
17.7% |
17.7% |
17.8% |
17.9% |
17.6% |
17.3% |
17.3% |
17.7% |
Gobierno General |
12.8% |
11.2% |
11.2% |
11.0% |
10.1% |
9.5% |
8.7% |
7.7% |
7.5% |
6.9% |
6.5% |
6.3% |
6.3% |
Transporte y Comunicaciones |
4.9% |
5.1% |
5.1% |
5.0% |
4.8% |
4.8% |
4.8% |
4.8% |
4.8% |
4.8% |
4.7% |
4.7% |
4.8% |
Bancos y Seguros |
3.3% |
3.3% |
3.2% |
3.2% |
3.1% |
3.1% |
3.1% |
3.1% |
3.1% |
3.0% |
2.9% |
2.9% |
3.0% |
Energía y agua Potable |
3.0% |
3.0% |
3.1% |
3.1% |
3.1% |
3.2% |
3.2% |
3.2% |
3.2% |
3.0% |
2.9% |
2.9% |
2.9% |
Propiedad de Vivienda |
4.1% |
4.2% |
4.2% |
4.2% |
4.1% |
4.1% |
4.0% |
4.0% |
3.9% |
3.8% |
3.8% |
3.8% |
3.9% |
Otros Servicios |
4.2% |
4.3% |
4.4% |
4.4% |
4.3% |
4.3% |
4.3% |
4.3% |
4.3% |
4.2% |
4.1% |
4.2% |
4.3% |
Fuente: Gerencia de Estudios Económicos – BCN. |
Concepto |
1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 p/ |
PIB |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
Actividad Primaria |
(3.7) |
2.7 |
2.2 |
7.3 |
0.6 |
2.3 |
3.1 |
(0.6) |
0.6 |
6.2 |
(0.0) |
(3.9) |
(3.9) |
Agricultura |
(5.0) |
(0.5) |
(6.2) |
16.9 |
7.2 |
11.0 |
9.7 |
5.1 |
9.1 |
12.4 |
3.0 |
(7.2) |
(7.2) |
Pecuario |
(3.5) |
8.7 |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
(4.2) |
1.0 |
6.1 |
(1.8) |
7.2 |
12.8 |
6.1 |
6.7 |
6.7 |
Pesca |
45.4 |
26.4 |
62.7 |
47.3 |
49.2 |
2.2 |
6.0 |
12.4 |
1.6 |
13.9 |
(9.7) |
(3.0) |
(3.0) |
Silvicultura |
1.0 |
1.2 |
1.0 |
1.6 |
2.6 |
2.8 |
3.2 |
3.3 |
3.3 |
3.6 |
3.6 |
3.5 |
3.5 |
Actividad Secundaria |
4.5 |
(3.3) |
0.3 |
2.5 |
5.5 |
5.6 |
5.6 |
5.4 |
12.4 |
3.4 |
3.4 |
2.5 |
2.5 |
Industria Manufacturera |
6.4 |
(5.1) |
0.0 |
0.8 |
2.8 |
2.4 |
3.8 |
2.1 |
3.9 |
2.6 |
2.7 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
Construcción |
(8.1) |
8.3 |
1.5 |
17.8 |
17.5 |
18.1 |
10.0 |
10.4 |
47.3 |
10.4 |
5.2 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
Minería |
(1.4) |
17.1 |
2.7 |
(10.1) |
30.2 |
31.0 |
24.7 |
44.6 |
12.9 |
(16.0) |
4.8 |
16.8 |
16.8 |
Actividad terciaria |
(0.8) |
1.1 |
(1.8) |
(0.1) |
3.3 |
2.9 |
2.9 |
3.7 |
4.0 |
3.2 |
3.0 |
2.9 |
2.9 |
Comercio |
4.8 |
1.3 |
(2.4) |
1.6 |
5.1 |
5.1 |
5.3 |
4.9 |
5.7 |
3.9 |
3.4 |
3.1 |
3.1 |
Gobierno General |
(12.5) |
0.1 |
(1.8) |
(5.5) |
(1.8) |
(4.0) |
(6.4) |
0.3 |
(1.0) |
(0.3) |
0.5 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
Transporte y Comunicaciones |
4.8 |
1.4 |
(4.0) |
(0.6) |
5.1 |
4.7 |
5.3 |
4.7 |
5.7 |
3.9 |
3.4 |
3.1 |
3.1 |
Bancos y Seguros |
(1.9) |
- |
(1.4) |
1.4 |
3.3 |
3.6 |
4.2 |
4.6 |
4.9 |
3.1 |
3.5 |
3.6 |
3.6 |
Energía y agua Potable |
0.3 |
3.1 |
1.4 |
3.4 |
5.8 |
5.9 |
6.0 |
3.1 |
1.0 |
2.0 |
2.5 |
2.8 |
2.8 |
Propiedad de Vivienda |
0.8 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
3.3 |
3.5 |
4.0 |
2.5 |
4.7 |
4.3 |
4.0 |
4.0 |
4.0 |
Otros Servicios |
4.1 |
2.4 |
(1.8) |
2.7 |
4.0 |
4.2 |
4.4 |
4.2 |
5.2 |
4.6 |
4.1 |
4.3 |
4.3 |
Fuente: Gerencia de Estudios Económicos - BCN. |
Tabla 32
Evolución y proyecciones del PIB y del ingreso per cápita
(1990-2030)
Año |
PIB (Mill.C$ 1980) |
PIB (Mill.US$ 1980) |
Crecimiento anual medio del período |
Población (miles de hab.) |
PIB |
1990 |
18,142 |
1,812 |
-0.1% |
3,823 |
475 |
1991 |
18,108 |
1,812 |
-0.2% |
3,937 |
460 |
1992 |
18,178 |
1,812 |
4.0% |
4,054 |
442 |
1993 |
18,107 |
1,812 |
-0.4% |
4,174 |
420 |
1994 |
18,711 |
1,812 |
3.3% |
4,298 |
414 |
1995 |
19,518 |
1,952 |
4.3% |
4,425 |
415 |
1996 |
20,450 |
2,045 |
4.8% |
4,548 |
422 |
1997 |
21,494 |
2,149 |
5.1% |
4,674 |
421 |
1998 |
22,368 |
2,237 |
4.1% |
4,803 |
430 |
1999 |
24,031 |
2,403 |
7.4% |
4,935 |
440 |
2000 |
24,666 |
2,467 |
5.9% |
5,074 |
480 |
2001 |
26,122 |
2,612 |
3.2% |
5,200 |
488 |
2002 |
27,663 |
2,766 |
1.0% |
5,341 |
472 |
2003 |
29,295 |
2,930 |
4.5% |
5,480 |
535 |
2004 |
31,023 |
3,102 |
5.0% |
5,622 |
552 |
2005 |
32,854 |
3,285 |
3.9% |
5,800 |
566 |
2006 |
34,135 |
3,414 |
5.0% |
5,482 |
623 |
2007 |
35,466 |
3,547 |
5.0% |
5,623 |
631 |
2008 |
36,850 |
3,685 |
5.0% |
5,769 |
639 |
2009 |
38,287 |
3,829 |
5.0% |
5,919 |
647 |
2010 |
39,562 |
3,956 |
6.0% |
6,528 |
606 |
2011 |
41,936 |
4,194 |
6.0% |
6,698 |
626 |
2012 |
44,452 |
4,445 |
6.0% |
6,872 |
647 |
2013 |
47,119 |
4,712 |
6.0% |
7,051 |
668 |
2014 |
49,946 |
4,995 |
6.0% |
7,234 |
690 |
2015 |
52,943 |
5,294 |
6.0% |
7,270 |
728 |
2016 |
56,119 |
5,612 |
6.0% |
7,459 |
752 |
2017 |
59,486 |
5,949 |
6.0% |
7,653 |
777 |
2018 |
63,056 |
6,306 |
6.0% |
7,852 |
803 |
2019 |
66,839 |
6,684 |
6.0% |
8,056 |
830 |
2020 |
70,849 |
7,085 |
6.0% |
7,996 |
886 |
2025 |
75,100 |
7,510 |
6.0% |
8,695 |
864 |
2030 |
105,947 |
10,595 |
8.4% |
9,353 |
1,133 |
Fuente: Banco Central de Nicaragua.
Ministerio del Ambiente y los Recursos Naturales. MARENA. Escenarios Socioeconómicos de Nicaragua para el siglo XXI
Tabla 33 Principales Indicadores Macroeconómicos 1992 – 2002
Conceptos |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
Actividad Económica y Empleo |
| ||||||||||
PIB real (crecimiento %) |
0.4 |
(0.4) |
3.3 |
4.3 |
4.8 |
5.1 |
4.1 |
7.4 |
5.9 |
3.2 |
1.0 |
PIB per-cápita (US$) |
442.2 |
420.7 |
414.3 |
415.7 |
422.3 |
421.1 |
430.6 |
448.6 |
480.1 |
488.7 |
472.1 |
PIB per-cápita (crecimiento %) |
8.5 |
(4.9) |
(1.5) |
0.3 |
1.6 |
(0.3) |
2.3 |
4.2 |
7.0 |
1.8 |
(3.4) |
Tasa de desempleo (% de la PEA) |
14.4 |
17.8 |
17.1 |
16.9 |
16.0 |
14.3 |
13.2 |
10.7 |
9.8 |
10.5 |
n.d. |
Nuevos empleos (miles) |
6.7 |
(2.0) |
54.9 |
51.6 |
63.6 |
78.1 |
71.9 |
102.4 |
93.1 |
63.8 |
n.d. |
Precios y Tipo de Cambio |
| ||||||||||
Inflación anual (%) |
3.5 |
19.5 |
12.4 |
11.1 |
12.1 |
7.3 |
18.5 |
7.2 |
9.9 |
4.7 |
4.0 |
Devaluación anual (crecimiento %) |
0.0 |
27.0 |
12.0 |
12.0 |
12.0 |
12.0 |
12.0 |
10.0 |
6.0 |
6.0 |
6.0 |
Tipo de cambio (C$xUS$ promedio) |
5.0000 |
6.1204 |
6.7229 |
7.5296 |
8.4355 |
9.4481 |
10.5819 |
11.8091 |
12.6844 |
13.4446 |
14.2513 |
Tipo de cambio fin de período |
5.0000 |
6.3497 |
7.1117 |
7.9651 |
8.9236 |
9.9945 |
11.1938 |
12.3182 |
13.0573 |
13.8408 |
14.6712 |
Indicadores Externos |
| ||||||||||
Déficit (-) en Cuenta Corriente (% del PIB) |
(61.3) |
(48.9) |
(49.8) |
(41.5) |
(44.6) |
(47.1) |
(39.6) |
(49.3) |
(37.8) |
(37.2) |
(35.2) |
Exportaciones FOB (millones US$) |
223.1 |
269.7 |
334.6 |
466.0 |
466.3 |
576.7 |
573.2 |
546.1 |
642.8 |
605.0 |
596.3 |
Importaciones FOB (millones US$) |
797.5 |
678.9 |
780.5 |
881.4 |
1,043.4 |
1,370.6 |
1,397.0 |
1,698.1 |
1,653.1 |
1,620.4 |
1636.4 |
Saldo de Reservas Internacionales Brutas (millones US$) |
179.1 |
87.7 |
172.3 |
160.8 |
213.9 |
387.1 |
356.6 |
512.9 |
496.7 |
382.8 |
454.2 |
Saldo de Deuda Externa (millones US$) |
10,792.1 |
10,987.3 |
11,695.0 |
10,248.4 |
6,094.3 |
6,001.0 |
6,287.1 |
6,548.9 |
6,659.9 |
6,374.2 |
6,362.6 |
Indicadores Fiscales SPNF (a) |
| ||||||||||
(En porciento del PIB) |
| ||||||||||
Presión tributaria |
24.2 |
23.0 |
24.2 |
25.8 |
25.7 |
28.2 |
31.0 |
30.2 |
29.3 |
27.8 |
29.1 |
Gasto corriente |
27.1 |
26.0 |
27.4 |
25.3 |
26.5 |
26.9 |
28.2 |
26.2 |
27.0 |
29.5 |
28.0 |
Formación de Capital Fijo |
8.7 |
8.2 |
11.9 |
12.1 |
15.8 |
10.2 |
8.9 |
12.8 |
12.5 |
9.7 |
8.9 |
Superávit corriente (+) |
1.4 |
3.3 |
2.4 |
6.3 |
5.4 |
7.7 |
10.0 |
8.6 |
4.5 |
0.5 |
3.5 |
Déficit (-) a/d |
(8.6) |
(8.9) |
(12.9) |
(11.5) |
(14.6) |
(7.3) |
(3.0) |
(12.5) |
(14.5) |
(16.0) |
(9.1) |
Financiamiento externo |
15.6 |
10.1 |
15.2 |
12.2 |
18.2 |
9.7 |
11.5 |
18.6 |
12.8 |
11.1 |
12.3 |
Indicadores Monetarios |
| ||||||||||
(Tasas de crecimiento) |
| ||||||||||
Base Monetaria |
20.6 |
8.2 |
40.5 |
11.3 |
35.7 |
35.0 |
12.7 |
18.8 |
(0.5) |
23.5 |
7.6 |
Depósitos Totales |
41.6 |
39.4 |
66.8 |
40.0 |
46.3 |
56.6 |
28.6 |
23.2 |
4.8 |
12.2 |
13.5 |
M3A |
34.9 |
32.0 |
60.5 |
35.4 |
41.7 |
53.4 |
28.0 |
23.7 |
4.5 |
12.1 |
12.9 |
Saldos de Crédito Productivo |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
33.6 |
26.6 |
(8.2) |
39.8 |
45.3 |
39.9 |
28.2 |
n.d. |
14.3 |
Tasa de interés activa en M/N a C/P (% ) |
20.3 |
20.3 |
19.3 |
20.5 |
21.1 |
21.6 |
21.9 |
21.3 |
22.1 |
23.9 |
23.4 |
Tasa de interés de ahorro en M/N (%) |
8.4 |
8.8 |
9.0 |
8.9 |
9.0 |
8.6 |
8.7 |
8.5 |
8.3 |
8.2 |
5.8 |
Memorando : |
| ||||||||||
(Millones de córdobas) |
| ||||||||||
PIB de 1980 |
18,178.0 |
18,106.6 |
18,710.9 |
19,518.3 |
20,450.1 |
21,494.0 |
22,367.7 |
24,031.2 |
25,448.5 |
26,251.4 |
26,526.7 |
PIB nominal |
8,964.0 |
10,749.5 |
11,972.4 |
13,855.3 |
16,203.7 |
18,601.0 |
21,881.4 |
26,143.9 |
30,883.6 |
34,199.5 |
35,937.0 |
Superávit corriente (+) del SPNF |
129.3 |
352.4 |
293.0 |
878.9 |
877.2 |
1,427.1 |
2,185.7 |
2,250.0 |
1,379.7 |
187.4 |
1,265.1 |
Déficit (-) del SPNF a/d |
(769.9) |
(953.6) |
(1,541.9) |
(1,592.8) |
(2,362.1) |
(1,356.0) |
(662.9) |
(3,268.1) |
(4,493.5) |
(5,482.1) |
(3,283.0) |
Base Monetaria |
659.9 |
713.8 |
1,003.0 |
1,116.8 |
1,515.6 |
2,046.0 |
2,305.7 |
2,739.0 |
2,726.3 |
3,366.4 |
3,623.2 |
Depósitos Totales |
1,486.8 |
2,071.9 |
3,455.0 |
4,838.6 |
7,079.3 |
11,087.2 |
14,257.1 |
17,562.8 |
18,413.7 |
20,654.6 |
23,439.2 |
M3A |
1,954.8 |
2,580.8 |
4,143.3 |
5,607.5 |
7,943.8 |
12,183.5 |
15,596.7 |
19,297.6 |
20,167.9 |
22,604.1 |
25,517.8 |
Saldos de Crédito |
3,061.6 |
3,049.4 |
4,075.5 |
5,159.1 |
4,738.3 |
6,622.8 |
9,623.2 |
13,460.9 |
17,259.1 |
9,747.0 |
11,145.0 |
(a) : A partir de 1999 se excluye ENITEL.
Tabla 34 Balance energético
nacional
(1990-2001)
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
||||
FUENTE |
KTEP |
% |
KTEP |
% |
KTEP |
% |
Primaria |
1,230.80 |
59% |
1,246.60 |
59% |
1,220.70 |
58% |
Leña |
1,083.90 |
52% |
1,117.70 |
53% |
1,150.30 |
55% |
Residuos vegetales |
146.9 |
7% |
128.9 |
6% |
70.4 |
3% |
Secundaria |
861.80 |
41% |
874.10 |
41% |
886.10 |
42% |
Carbón vegetal |
18 |
1% |
17.4 |
1% |
17.5 |
1% |
Gas licuado |
46.3 |
2% |
48 |
2% |
53.0 |
3% |
Gasolinas |
156.1 |
7% |
163.7 |
8% |
173.6 |
8% |
Kero+turbo |
39.3 |
2% |
38.3 |
2% |
34.9 |
2% |
Diesel Oil |
355.8 |
17% |
360 |
17% |
361.8 |
17% |
Fuel Oil |
78.4 |
4% |
80.9 |
4% |
79.5 |
4% |
No energéticos |
34 |
2% |
27.3 |
1% |
26.3 |
1% |
Electricidad |
133.9 |
6% |
138.5 |
7% |
139.5 |
7% |
TOTAL |
2,092.60 |
100% |
2,120.70 |
100% |
2,106.80 |
100% |
Departamentos |
Total Vivienda |
Luz electrica |
Gas |
Leña |
% Leña |
Nueva Segovia |
11814 |
7764 |
2423 |
1627 |
13.77 |
Madriz |
4826 |
3822 |
805 |
199 |
4.12 |
Estelí |
17434 |
14191 |
2742 |
501 |
2.87 |
Chinandega |
36005 |
29255 |
5367 |
1383 |
3.84 |
León |
32752 |
29940 |
2051 |
761 |
2.32 |
Managua |
180705 |
174026 |
4351 |
2328 |
1.29 |
Masaya |
24160 |
21714 |
1653 |
793 |
3.28 |
Granada |
17081 |
15708 |
1008 |
365 |
2.14 |
Carazo |
15265 |
13504 |
1528 |
233 |
1.53 |
Rivas |
8951 |
8122 |
670 |
159 |
1.78 |
Boaco |
6996 |
6011 |
936 |
49 |
0.70 |
Chontales |
12622 |
10660 |
1765 |
197 |
1.56 |
Jinotega |
8630 |
6091 |
2307 |
232 |
2.69 |
Matagalpa |
21720 |
18151 |
3052 |
517 |
2.38 |
RAAN |
8458 |
5482 |
2270 |
706 |
8.35 |
RAAS |
17503 |
11512 |
4999 |
992 |
5.67 |
Rio San Juan |
2562 |
1744 |
726 |
92 |
3.59 |
Total |
427484 |
377697 |
38653 |
11134 |
2.60 |
Fuente: INEC
Tabla 36 Uso de leña como medio de energía en zonas rurales
Departamentos |
Total Vivienda |
Luz electrica |
Gas |
Leña |
% Leña |
Nueva Segovia |
13255 |
1984 |
4999 |
6272 |
47.32 |
Madriz |
12833 |
2207 |
7218 |
3408 |
26.56 |
Esteli |
13605 |
3057 |
9242 |
1306 |
9.60 |
Chinandega |
24775 |
8343 |
15388 |
1044 |
4.21 |
León |
24854 |
6340 |
17252 |
1262 |
5.08 |
Managua |
21653 |
13616 |
7318 |
719 |
3.32 |
Masaya |
17681 |
11667 |
5467 |
547 |
3.09 |
Granada |
9725 |
4191 |
5364 |
170 |
1.75 |
Carazo |
11147 |
4501 |
6303 |
343 |
3.08 |
Rivas |
15453 |
8671 |
6642 |
140 |
0.91 |
Boaco |
15855 |
2488 |
13127 |
240 |
1.51 |
Chontales |
11511 |
2168 |
9116 |
227 |
1.97 |
Jinotega |
32129 |
3434 |
27482 |
1213 |
3.78 |
Matagalpa |
42570 |
9894 |
31096 |
1580 |
3.71 |
RAAN |
22668 |
391 |
18007 |
4270 |
18.84 |
RAAS |
25480 |
1961 |
22704 |
815 |
3.20 |
Rio San Juan |
8959 |
944 |
7882 |
133 |
1.48 |
Total |
324153 |
85857 |
214607 |
23689 |
7.31 |
Fuente: Censo 1995
Tabla 37 Estimación de la demanda de electricidad
Años |
MW |
2002 |
500 |
2003 |
505 |
2004 |
513 |
2005 |
519 |
2006 |
525 |
2007 |
550 |
2008 |
575 |
2009 |
602 |
2010 |
629 |
2011 |
675 |
2012 |
700 |
2013 |
720 |
2014 |
770 |
2015 |
800 |
2016 |
850 |
2017 |
900 |
2018 |
945 |
2019 |
990 |
2020 |
1,050 |
Fuente: INE