TABLE 44 Greening. psyllids and psyllid parasites and citrus canker in Saudi Arabia as of 1983
Location |
Altitude (m) |
Presence of greening based on |
Presence of Asian psylla (Diaphorina citri) |
Presence of African psylla (Trioza erytreae) |
Presence of Tetrastychus radiatus parasite of D. citri |
Presence of citrus canker |
|
Symptom |
Electron microscopy |
||||||
Usfan | 150 | Not clear | No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
Khulais | 200 | Not clew | No | Yes | No | Yes1 | No |
Haddat Ash Sham | 200 | Not clear | ND˛ | Yes | No | D. citri nymphs parasitized | No |
Zaimah | 500 | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | D. citri nymphs parasitized | No |
Wadi Nahman | 500 | Yes | ND | Yes | No | Yes | No |
Taif | 1700 | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | NSł | No |
Turabah | 1400 | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No |
Khurmah | 1400 | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | NS | No |
Boua | 1500 | Yes | Yes | None seen | No | None seen | No |
Bishah | 1000 | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | None seen | No |
Al Ullayah | 2000 | No | ND | No | No | No | No |
Brehim Khaibar | 1500 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes4 | Yes | No |
Najran | 900 | No | No | No | Yes | No | No |
Jizan | 20 | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Sabia | 100 | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Fayfa | 1200-1800 | Not clear | Yes | No | Yes4 | No | No |
Ad Darb | No | ND | No | No | No | No | |
Muraibah | No | ND | No | No | No | No | |
Al Ugdah | No | ND | No | No | No | No | |
Medina area | No | ND | No | No | No | No |
Notes:
1 Cheiloneurus cyanonotus, a psyllid
hyperparasite, was present.
2 ND: not done.
3 NS: not surveyed in December 1983.
4 Based on the typical T. erytreae-induced leaf
galls.
Station (altitude) | Month |
|||||||||||
J | F | M | A | M | J | J | A | S | O | N | D | |
Najran T | 26.3 | 26.7 | 28.1 | 34.0 | 36.0 | 38.5 | 38.8 | 38.2 | 33.3 | 30.2 | 21.2 | 26.2 |
(1150 m) RH | 32 | 27 | 41 | 18 | 17 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 17 | 19 | 30 | 24 |
SD | 22.9 | 25.2 | 22.0 | 43.1 | 48.8 | 60.6 | 60.8 | 57.3 | 41.9 | 34.3 | 17.4 | 255 |
Bishah T | 28.4 | 26.4 | 29.4 | 34.0 | 35.6 | 38.7 | 38.7 | 39.1 | 35.8 | 31.8 | 29.5 | 26.2 |
(1040 m) RH | 18 | 17 | 23 | 13 | 13 | 4 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 9 | 15 | 15 |
SID | 31.7 | 28.2 | 31.1 | 45.7 | 50.0 | 65.3 | 63.3 | 64.9 | 54.0 | 41.9 | 34.6 | 30.1 |
Jizan T | 30.1 | 30.0 | 31.9 | 34.9 | 37.0 | 38.2 | 38.0 | 38.5 | 37.7 | 34.7 | 33.9 | 30.7 |
(40 m) RH | 63 | 53 | 61 | 49 | 53 | 49 | 47 | 47 | 49 | 46 | 53 | 59 |
SID | 15.6 | 19.7 | 18.2 | 28.2 | 29.1 | 34.7 | 34.5 | 35.7 | 32.9 | 29.5 | 24.5 | 17.8 |
Khamis Mushait T | 22.4 | 22.6 | 22.4 | 26.1 | 28.3 | 31.6 | 30.4 | 30.9 | 29.1 | 26.3 | 24.7 | 22.9 |
(2000 m) RH | 29 | 36 | 47 | 30 | 26 | 49 | 25 | 25 | 21 | 24 | 29 | 29 |
SID | 18.9 | 17.3 | 14.1 | 23.3 | 28.1 | 23.4 | 32.1 | 33.0 | 31.2 | 25.6 | 21.7 | 19.5 |
Taif T | 24.4 | 23.9 | 25.4 | 29.5 | 33.1 | 35.2 | 34.3 | 34.9 | 33.6 | 29.7 | 26.1 | 25.6 |
(1634 m) RH | 46 | 58 | 53 | 27 | 25 | 16 | 17 | 17 | 20 | 21 | 31 | 31 |
SID | 16.3 | 12.3 | 15.0 | 29.7 | 37.5 | 47.2 | 44.4 | 45.9 | 41.2 | 32.6 | 23.0 | 22.4 |
Medina T | 24.6 | 26.5 | 28.6 | 35.0 | 39.5 | 42.5 | 39.3 | 43.2 | 41.5 | 36.5 | 30.3 | 27.9 |
(500 m) RH | 25 | 20 | 16 | 15 | 16 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 24 | 30 | 40 |
SD | 22.8 | 27.3 | 32.5 | 47.2 | 59.4 | 77.6 | 64.0 | 77.9 | 71.2 | 45.6 | 29.8 | 22.2 |