ANNEX: CEREALS PRODUCTION AND NET TRADE, DATA AND PROJECTIONS BY COMMODITY (million tonnes)
Production |
Net trade |
|||||||||||||
Data used in this study |
Revised data |
Data used in this study |
Revised data |
|||||||||||
1969 /71 | 1979 /81 | 1988/ 90 | 1988/ 90 | 1991 | 1992 | 2010 | 1969 / 71 | 1979 / 81 | 1988 / 90 | 1988 / 90 | 1991 | 1992* | 2010 | |
World | ||||||||||||||
Wheat | 327.7 | 442.7 | 550.3 | 544.0 | 546.9 | 563.8 | 712 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1.9 | 5.4 | ||
Rice milled | 206.8 | 264.2 | 341.4 | 339.9 | 345.4 | 351.0 | 482 | 0.0 | -0.3 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
Maize | 283.6 | 422.3 | 451.6 | 449.1 | 487.9 | 528.0 | 698 | 0.5 | -0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.9 | ||
Other coarse grains | 311.0 | 327.5 | 353.9 | 345.9 | 325.2 | 342.0 | 442 | 0.1 | 1.5 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.5 | ||
Total cereals | 1129.1 | 1456.6 | 1697.5 | 1678.9 | 1705.3 | 1784.8 | 2334 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 4.0 | 7.8 | ||
All developing countries | ||||||||||||||
Wheat | 96.5 | 156.9 | 224.9 | 224.7 | 241.7 | 244.2 | 348 | -25.4 | -48.8 | -59.7 | -59.0 | -57.2 | -55.6 | -94 |
Rice milled | 191.1 | 247.3 | 324.3 | 323.0 | 329.2 | 333.2 | 461 | -1.2 | -2.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.6 | -2 |
Maize | 102.6 | 150.1 | 197.0 | 194.8 | 209.3 | 219.3 | 358 | 5.9 | -11.5 | -18.1 | -18.1 | -11.1 | -14.3 | -40 |
Other coarse grains | 92.2 | 98.1 | 100.9 | 102.4 | 95.7 | 105.2 | 151 | 0.3 | -4.7 | -12.1 | -11.8 | -11.6 | -14.5 | -26 |
Total cereals | 482.4 | 652.3 | 847.4 | 844.9 | 875.9 | 901.9 | 1318 | -20.4 | -66.8 | -90.0 | -88.8 | -79.5 | -83.9 | -162 |
Developed countries | ||||||||||||||
Wheat | 231.2 | 285.8 | 325.5 | 319.3 | 305.2 | 319.7 | 364 | 27.0 | 50.3 | 60.9 | 60.9 | 62.6 | 94 | |
Rice milled | 15.7 | 16.9 | 17.1 | 16.9 | 16.1 | 17.8 | 21 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 2 | |
Maize | 181.0 | 272.2 | 254.6 | 254.3 | 278.6 | 308.6 | 340 | -5.4 | 11.4 | 18.1 | 18.3 | 12.0 | 40 | |
Other coarse grains | 218.8 | 229.4 | 253.0 | 243.5 | 229.6 | 236.8 | 291 | -0.3 | 6.2 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 12.1 | 26 | |
Total cereals | 646.7 | 804.3 | 850.2 | 834.1 | 829.5 | 882.9 | 1016 | 22.5 | 69.4 | 92.6 | 92.9 | 87.3 | 162 | |
93 Developing countries | ||||||||||||||
Wheat | 96.3 | 156.6 | 224.2 | 224.0 | 241.2 | 243.7 | 347 | -24.0 | -47.0 | -57.5 | -57.0 | -55.1 | 53.5 | -92 |
Rice milled | 189.0 | 245.1 | 322.8 | 321.4 | 327.6 | 331.6 | 459 | -0.4 | -1.0 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.6 | - 1 |
Maize | 102.5 | 149.9 | 196.6 | 194.4 | 208.9 | 218.9 | 357 | 6.8 | -8.0 | -12.8 | -13.0 | -5.2 | -8.4 | -31 |
Other coarse grains | 92.1 | 97.9 | 100.6 | 102.1 | 95.4 | 105.0 | 151 | 0.7 | -3.4 | -11.3 | -11.1 | -11.1 | -13.9 | -24 |
Total cereals | 479.9 | 649.6 | 844.5 | 841.9 | 873.1 | 899.2 | 1314 | -16.8 | -59.4 | -80.4 | -80.0 | -70.1 | -74.2 | -148 |
Sub-Saharan Africa | ||||||||||||||
Wheat | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 5 | -1.6 | -3.7 | -4.3 | -4.2 | -5.3 | -5.1 | -10 |
Rice milled | 3.1 | 4.0 | 5.7 | 6.1 | 6.6 | 6.5 | 13 | -0.6 | -2.3 | -2.4 | -2.4 | -2.9 | -3.1 | -6 |
Maize | 11.8 | 13.8 | 20.6 | 20.2 | 18.9 | 15.9 | 41 | 0.0 | -1.4 | -0.4 | -0.4 | -0.4 | -0.4 | -2 |
Other coarse grains | 20.3 | 21.6 | 26.0 | 26.8 | 27.8 | 27.8 | 51 | -0.4 | -0.5 | -0.6 | -0.4 | -0.7 | -0.9 | - I |
Total cereals | 36.5 | 40.8 | 54.3 | 55.1 | 55.6 | 52.5 | 109 | -2.5 | -7.8 | -7.7 | -7.4 | -9.3 | -13.1 | -19 |
Near East/North Africa | ||||||||||||||
Wheat | 25.1 | 34.1 | 42.9 | 43.0 | 51.9 | 49.4 | 67 | -6.1 | -15.8 | -23.5 | -23.1 | -17.4 | -14.7 | -37 |
Rice milled | 3.0 | 3.2 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 4.4 | 4.8 | 6 | 0.2 | -1.3 | -1.8 | -1.9 | -1.6 | -2.7 | -5 |
Maize | 4.6 | 5.6 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 8.8 | 8.6 | 15 | -0.2 | -3.3 | -6.0 | -6.0 | -5.4 | -5.8 | -13 |
Other coarse grains | 13.1 | 15.0 | 19.0 | 19.1 | 21.4 | 19.7 | 31 | -0.2 | -2.5 | -6.6 | -6.7 | -6.2 | -6.3 | -16 |
Total cereals | 45.8 | 57.9 | 73.1 | 73.4 | 86.4 | 82.5 | 119 | -6.3 | -22.9 | -37.9 | -37.8 | -30.6 | -29.4 | -71 |
East Asia | ||||||||||||||
Wheat | 30.0 | 59.5 | 92.1 | 91.8 | 96.2 | 101.9 | 143 | -8.0 | -17.3 | -21.8 | -21.7 | -24.0 | -20.2 | -23 |
Rice milled | 117.7 | 158.2 | 203.4 | 202.4 | 206.0 | 211.1 | 276 | 0.8 | 1.7 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 7.1 | 12 |
Maize | 41.6 | 75.6 | 105.3 | 103.4 | 117.1 | 115.2 | 198 | 1.3 | -2.9 | -3.0 | -3.2 | 1.6 | 1.2 | -10 |
Other coarse grains | 26.8 | 22.9 | 17.6 | 18.0 | 15.2 | 15.9 | 18 | -0.1 | -0.2 | -0.6 | -0.6 | -0.9 | -1.0 | - 1 |
Total cereals | 216.1 | 316.2 | 418.7 | 415.6 | 434.5 | 444.0 | 635 | -6.0 | -18.8 | -19.9 | -19.9 | -17.9 | -12.9 | -22 |
South Asia | ||||||||||||||
Wheat | 28.0 | 46.6 | 65.6 | 65.6 | 71.5 | 71.6 | 104 | -4.4 | -3.1 | -5.0 | -4.9 | -2.5 | -7.1 | -10 |
Rice milled | 57.8 | 69.4 | 97.8 | 97.1 | 99.0 | 97.2 | 144 | -0.9 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 0 |
Maize | 7.6 | 8.1 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 10.4 | 13.0 | 16 | -0.1 | 0.0 | -0.1 | -0.2 | -0.1 | -0.1 | 0 |
Other coarse grains | 22.4 | 23.4 | 24.9 | 24.9 | 19.1 | 27.9 | 28 | -0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 |
Total cereals | 115.7 | 147.5 | 199.7 | 199.0 | 200.1 | 209.6 | 292 | -5.5 | -1.7 | -4.8 | -4.8 | -1.0 | -5.5 | -10 |
Latin America and Caribbean | ||||||||||||||
Wheat | 12.0 | 15.1 | 21.7 | 21.7 | 19.2 | 18.6 | 29 | -3.9 | -7.1 | -2.9 | -3.0 | -5.9 | -6.4 | - 11 |
Rice milled | 7.3 | 10.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 11.5 | 12.1 | 20 | 0.0 | -0.4 | -0.5 | -0.5 | -1.4 | -1.3 | -2 |
Maize | 36.9 | 46.8 | 51.5 | 51.6 | 53.8 | 66.2 | 87 | 5.8 | -0.4 | -3.3 | -3.2 | -0.9 | 0.2 | -6 |
Other coarse grains | 9.7 | 15.0 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 11.9 | 13.7 | 24 | 1.6 | -0.2 | -3.4 | -3.4 | -3.3 | -5.8 | -6 |
Total cereals | 65.9 | 87.2 | 98.6 | 98.8 | 96.5 | 110.6 | 159 | 3.5 | -8.1 | -10.1 | -10.0 | -11.5 | -13.3 | -25 |
Developed countries | ||||||||||||||
Ex-CPEs | ||||||||||||||
Wheat | 112.1 | 113.1 | 130.5 | 124.5 | 103.8 | 112.7 | 140 | 2.9 | -14.9 | -16.0 | -16.1 | -18.8 | 4 | |
Rice milled | 1.0 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 3 | -0.5 | - 1. 1 | -0.6 | -0.6 | -0.6 | - 1 | |
Maize | 25.1 | 30.2 | 29.6 | 29.6 | 32.1 | 21.2 | 40 | 0.0 | -17.5 | -15.5 | -15.6 | -13.3 | 2 | |
Other coarse grains | 85.8 | 92.9 | 122.6 | 114.0 | 102.3 | 112.4 | 123 | 0.0 | -6.8 | -4.2 | -4.1 | -5.8 | 0 | |
Total cereals | 224.0 | 237.9 | 284.6 | 269.7 | 239.6 | 247.5 | 306 | 2.4 | -40.3 | -36.4 | -36.4 | -38.4 | 5 | |
Eastern Europe | ||||||||||||||
Wheat | 19.3 | 23.2 | 35.0 | 35.2 | 31.8 | 22.8 | -2.4 | -2.6 | -0.3 | -0.3 | 0.5 | -0.7 | ||
Rice milled | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | -0.2 | -0.3 | -0.2 | -0.2 | -0.2 | -0.2 | ||
Maize | 15.1 | 21.1 | 15.8 | 15.8 | 22.3 | 14.1 | 0.3 | -4.6 | -1.2 | -1.3 | -0.5 | 1.9 | ||
Other coase grains | 20.6 | 23.9 | 29.6 | 29.6 | 30.1 | 22.5 | -0.7 | -1.7 | -0.4 | -0.3 | -0.3 | 0.7 | ||
Total cereals | 55.1 | 68.3 | 80.5 | 80.7 | 84.4 | 59.4 | -3.0 | -9.2 | -2.2 | -2.1 | -0.5 | 1.6 | ||
Former USSR | ||||||||||||||
Wheat | 92.8 | 89.9 | 95.5 | 89.3 | 72.0 | 89.8 | 5.3 | -12.3 | -15.7 | -15.7 | -19.3 | |||
Rice milled | 0.8 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 1.3 | -0.3 | -0.9 | -0.4 | -0.5 | -0.4 | |||
Maize | 10.0 | 9.1 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 9.8 | 7.1 | -0.3 | -12.9 | -14.3 | -14.3 | -12.8 | |||
Other coarse grains | 65.3 | 69.0 | 93.1 | 84.4 | 72.2 | 89.9 | 0.8 | -5.1 | -3.8 | -3.8 | -5.5 | |||
Total cereals | 168.9 | 169.6 | 204.0 | 189.0 | 155.3 | 188.1 | 5.4 | -31.1 | -34.2 | -34.2 | -38.0 | |||
Western Europe, North America, Oceania | ||||||||||||||
Wheat | 116.8 | 170.0 | 191.4 | 191.2 | 198.3 | 204.7 | 217 | 29.1 | 71.3 | 82.5 | 82.4 | 88.4 | 95 | |
Rice milled | 3.9 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 6.6 | 6.7 | 7.7 | 10 | 1.3 | 2.4 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 4 | |
Maize | 149.1 | 230.7 | 215.6 | 215.5 | 238.3 | 284.4 | 286 | -0.7 | 38.7 | 48.7 | 48.7 | 41.9 | 55 | |
Other coarse grains | 131.6 | 135.1 | 129.1 | 128.3 | 126.3 | 123.8 | 166 | 5.1 | 20.3 | 24.7 | 24.7 | 25.8 | 35 | |
Total cereals | 401.5 | 542.1 | 542.8 | 541.6 | 569.6 | 620.5 | 679 | 34.7 | 132.6 | 157.6 | 157.6 | 157.8 | 189 | |
Western Europe | ||||||||||||||
Wheat | 53.5 | 68.6 | 92.6 | 92.6 | 101.5 | 92.2 | -6.0 | 5.9 | 18.9 | 18.8 | 21.4 | |||
Rice milled | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.5 | -0.2 | -0.4 | -0.6 | -0.6 | -0.6 | |||
Maize | 23.6 | 32.1 | 36.0 | 36.2 | 40.6 | 38.3 | -14.2 | -20.2 | -2.7 | -2.7 | -3.2 | |||
Other coarse grains | 65.4 | 76.7 | 76.4 | 76.3 | 75.4 | 62.4 | -3.4 | 3.3 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 11.5 | |||
Total cereals | 143.6 | 178.5 | 206.4 | 206.5 | 219.1 | 194.4 | -23.8 | -11.4 | 24.4 | 24.3 | 29.2 | |||
EC-12 | ||||||||||||||
Wheat | 46.1 | 61.1 | 92.1 | 82.0 | 90.9 | 84.9 | -5.1 | 7.1 | 18.0 | 17.9 | 20.1 | 22.5 | ||
Rice milled | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.4 | -0.1 | -0.2 | -0.4 | -0.4 | -0.3 | -0.1 | ||
Maize | 15.4 | 20.9 | 26.2 | 26.4 | 27.3 | 29.7 | -13.8 | -19.4 | -2.2 | -2.3 | -3.1 | -0.5 | ||
Other coarse grains | 55.4 | 65.1 | 64.7 | 64.7 | 63.6 | 53.8 | -2.6 | 3.8 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 9.7 | 13.1 | ||
Total cereals | 118.0 | 148.2 | 174.3 | 174.5 | 183.2 | 169.9 | -21.5 | -8.7 | 24.1 | 24.1 | 26.5 | 35.0 | ||
Other Western Europe | ||||||||||||||
Wheat | 7.5 | 7.5 | 10.5 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 7.2 | -0.9 | -1.2 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.3 | |||
Rice milled | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | -0.2 | -0.2 | -0.2 | -0.2 | -0.2 | |||
Maize | 8.1 | 11.2 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 13.4 | 8.6 | -0.4 | -0.8 | -0.4 | -0.4 | -0.1 | |||
Other coarse grains | 10.0 | 11.6 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.8 | 8.6 | -0.8 | -0.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.7 | |||
Total cereals | 25.6 | 30.3 | 32.0 | 32.0 | 35.8 | 24.5 | -2.2 | -2.7 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 2.7 | |||
North America | ||||||||||||||
Wheat | 53.9 | 86.7 | 84.2 | 84.0 | 85.9 | 96.8 | 27.7 | 54.6 | 52.3 | 52.3 | 55.1 | 57.3 | ||
Rice milled | 2.6 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 5.4 | 1.4 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 1.8 | ||
Maize | 125.3 | 198.3 | 179.3 | 178.9 | 197.3 | 245.7 | 13.4 | 58.8 | 51.3 | 51.3 | 45.1 | 42.7 | ||
Other coarse grains | 61.4 | 52.3 | 45.3 | 44.5 | 43.3 | 52.0 | 7.0 | 13.5 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 11.0 | 12.0 | ||
Total cereals | 243.3 | 341.9 | 313.5 | 312.2 | 331.2 | 399.9 | 49.6 | 129.4 | 118.7 | 118.6 | 113.1 | 113.7 | ||
Oceania | ||||||||||||||
Wheat | 9.4 | 14.8 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 10.9 | 15.7 | 7.4 | 10.8 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.8 | 8.0 | ||
Rice milled | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | ||
Maize | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
Other coarse grains | 4.8 | 6.1 | 7.4 | 7.5 | 7.6 | 9.4 | 1.5 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.4 | 2.9 | ||
Total cereals | 14.6 | 21.7 | 22.9 | 22.9 | 19.4 | 26.2 | 9.0 | 14.6 | 14.5 | 14.6 | 15.6 | 11.4 | ||
Other developed countries | ||||||||||||||
Wheat | 2.2 | 2.7 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 2.3 | 7 | -5.0 | -6.1 | -5.6 | -5.5 | -7.0 | -7.0 | -5 |
Rice milled | 10.9 | 8.9 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.0 | 8.8 | 8 | 0.4 | 0.4 | -0.4 | -0.3 | -0.4 | -0.4 | -1 |
Maize | 6.8 | 11.3 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 8.2 | 3.1 | 14 | -4.7 | -9.8 | -15.0 | -14.8 | -16.7 | -19.9 | -17 |
Other coarse grains | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 2 | -5.3 | -7.3 | -7.7 | -7,7 | -7.9 | -8.2 | -9 |
Total cereals | 21.2 | 24.3 | 22.8 | 22.7 | 20.2 | 14.9 | 31 | -14.6 | -22.8 | -28.6 | -28.4 | -32.0 | -35.5 | -32 |
*1992 trade data are not available in the same specification
as for the other years (i.e. imports and exports of all cereal
products converted into grain equivalent) for the countries of
the former USSR and former Yugoslavia because no 1992
supply-utilization accounts could be constructed for them.
Production and net trade projections not made
separately for the country groups with blanks in the 2010 column.
The revised data include the revisions for the former
USSR indicated in Table 3.17.