Annexes (continued)

ANNEX 11
(Section 4.1)
Example of results and analysis at individual sampling unit level:
SU 4409 - North East India

	Path/row	Sensor	Date
Recent image	135/42	TM	05 February 1988
Historical image	145/42	MSS	06 December 1981

State assessment results based on the interpretation of the entire recent image
Main Classes			Additional classes
Main Classes	'000ha	%	Additional classes	'000 ha	%
Closed Forest	1230.4	40.3	c.c.>70 %
			c.c.40 – 70%
Open Forest	45.2	1.5
Long Fallow	783.2	25.7
Fragm.Forest	189.2	6.2	Forest fraction 40–70%	189.2	6.2
			Forest fraction 10–40%	0.0	0.0
Shrubs	50.4	1.7	Dense (c.c.>40%)
			Sparse (c.c. 10–40%)
Short Fallow	0.0	0.0
Other Land Cov.	687.2	22.5	Snowcaps, rocky areas
Water	12.0	0.4
Man-made woody vegetation	53.2	1.7	Forest plantations	0.0	0.0
			Agricultural plantations	53.2	1.7
Total visible area	3050.8	100.0
Other non interpreted	12.4		Burnt woodland	0.0
			Clouds and shadows	12.4
			Mountain shadows	0.0

Change matrix of Sampling Unit 4409 in North East India ¹
Period covered: December 1981 – February 1988

Interpretation classes of historical image

Interpretation classes of recent image (thousand hectares)

TOTAL historical image

Closed Forest

Open Forest

Long Fallow

Fragmented Forest

Shrubs

Short Fallow

Other Land Cover

Water

Plantation

'000 ha

Closed Forest

1078.0

0.8

46.0

21.6

1.2

25.2

2.4

1175.2

42.0

Open Forest

0.8

40.8

0.4

1.6

45.2

1.6

Long Fallow

0.6

683.6

80.8

12.0

47.2

0.4

830.0

29.7

Fragmented Forest

6.8

18.4

80.8

0.4

7.6

114.0

4.1

Shrubs

30.4

30.4

1.1

Short Fallow

Other Land Cover

1.2

8.8

0.8

532.8

543.6

19.4

Water

10.4

10.4

0.4

Plantation

0.8

46.8

47.6

1.7

TOTAL
recent image

'000 ha

1092.8

41.6

756.8

184.4

45.6

0.0

615.2

10.4

49.6

2796.4

39.1

1.5

27.1

6.6

1.6

0.0

22.0

0.4

1.8

100.0

RESULTS BY LAND COVER CATEGORIES²

1) Changes in CONTINUOUS NATURAL FOREST LAND
Classes: Closed Forest Open Forest Long Fallow
	Conv.to Manm. W. Veg			Amelioration	Unchanged	Degradat.	Fragment. (partial defor.)	Deforestation		Total Cont. Forest land (Dec.1981)
	Conv.to Manm. W. Veg			Amelioration	Unchanged	Degradat.	Fragment. (partial defor.)	To Other Wooded	To Non Wooded	Total Cont. Forest land (Dec.1981)
Change '000ha	2.8			6.8	1802.4	46.8	102.8	14.8	74.0	2050.4
Annual '000ha	0.5			1.1		7.8	17.1	2.5	12.3
Annual rate %	0.02			0.06		0.36	0.84	0.12	0.60
2) Changes in FRAGMENTED NATURAL FOREST LAND
Class Fragmented Forest; composed by a mosaic of Forest / Non-Forest.							Estimated Forest Fraction:			0.33
	Conv. to Manm. W. Veg	Natural Affor.			Unchanged			(Partial deforest.)		Tot.Fragm. For.Land (Dec.1981)
	Conv. to Manm. W. Veg	Natural Affor.			Unchanged			To Other Wooded	To Non Wooded	Tot.Fragm. For.Land (Dec.1981)
Change '000ha		25.2			80.8			0.4	7.6	114.0
Annual '000ha		4.2						0.1	1.3
Annual rate %		3.68						0.06	1.11
Estimated area and changes of ACTUAL FOREST AREA within “Fragmented Forest” Class:
	net area	net aff.			Unch.forest			(Net deforestation)		Net Forest
Change '000ha		16.9			26.7			0.1	2.5	37.6
Annual '000ha		2.8						0.0	0.4
Annual rate %		7.48						0.06	1.11
3) Changes in OTHER WOODED LAND
Classes: Shrubs, Short Fallow
	Conv. to Manm. W. Veg	Natural afforestation		Amelioration	Unchanged	Degradation				Total Other Wood.Land (Dec.1981)
	Conv. to Manm. W. Veg	Cont.	Fragm.	Amelioration	Unchanged	moderate	complete			Total Other Wood.Land (Dec.1981)
Change '000ha					30.4					30.4
Annual '000ha
Annual rate %
4) Changes in NON WOODED AREAS
Classes: Other Land Cover, Water
	Conv. to Manm. W.Veg	Natural afforestation		Amelioration	Unchanged					Total Non Wood.Area (Dec.1981)
	Conv. to Manm. W.Veg	Cont.	Fragm.	Amelioration	Unchanged					Total Non Wood.Area (Dec.1981)
Change '000ha		10.0	0.8		543.2					554.0
Annual '000ha		1.7	0.1
Annual rate %		0.30	0.02
5) Changes of MANMADE WOODY VEGETATION
Class Manmade Woody Vegetation (inclusive of both forest and agricultural plantations)
	Tot.New MWVeg (Recent Image)	New Manmade Woody Veg. Created On Previous:			Unchanged	Changed To:				Tot Manm. Woody Veg (Dec.1981)
		New Manmade Woody Veg. Created On Previous:				Cont.or Fragm. Forest	Other Wooded	Non Wooded
		Forest Land	Other W. Land	Non W. Areas		Cont.or Fragm. Forest	Other Wooded	Non Wooded
Change '000ha	2.8	2.8			46.8			0.8		47.6
Annual '000ha	0.5	0.5						0.1
Annual rate %	0.98	0.98						0.28

SUMMARY OF AREA RESULTS
6) Gross Deforestation (loss of natural forest)
Total Gross Deforestation	'000 ha	163.1
Annual Gross Deforestation	'000 ha	27.7
Annual Gross Deforestation	%	1.30

7) Net Deforestation (loss - gain of natural forest)
Total Net Deforestation	'000 ha	136.0
Annual Net Deforestation	'000 ha	22.7
Annual Net Deforestation	%	1.09

8) Net Degradation Of Natural Forest
Total Net Forest Degradation	'000 ha	40.0
Annual Net For. Degradat. Rate	'000 ha	6.7
Annual Net For. Degradat. Rate	%	0.32

9) Net Degradation Of Natural Woody Vegetation
Total Net Degradation	'000 ha	40.0
Annual Net Degradation Rate	'000 ha	6.7
Annual Net Degradation Rate	%	0.32

10) BALANCE NATURAL FOREST - MANMADE WOODY VEGETATION
			Natural Forest Continuous & Fragmented	Manmade Woody Vegetation	Total Natural + Manmade
	Area at Dec. 1981	'000 ha	2088.0	47.6	2135.6
	Area at Feb. 1988	'000 ha	1952.1	49.6	2001.7
	Difference	'000 ha	-136.0	2.0	-134.0
	Change Rate	%	-22.7	0.3	-22.3
	Annual simple rate	%	-1.09	0.70	-1.05

INDICATIVE ESTIMATES OF BIOMASS CHANGES
	Estim.ed Biomass '000 T/ha	Classes 1990	Classes 1980	Classes 1980				Biomass in Million Tons			Total Loss⁴	Total Gain⁴	Net Balance
		Classes 1990	Classes 1980	Classes 1980	Loss³			Gain³
		Biomass 1990	Biomass 1990	Biomass 1980	Loss³			Gain³
		Biomass 1990	Biomass 1990	Biomass 1980	Defor.	Degrad.	Fragm.	Affor.	Amelior	Manm.
Closed Forest	0.130	142.1	144.5	152.8	-3.6	-3.0	-1.9	-	-	0.3	-8.5	0.3	-8.2
Open forest	0.075	3.1	3.2	3.4	-0.2	0.0	0.0	-	0.0	0.0	-0.2	0.0	-0.2
Long failow	0.065	49.2	49.3	54.0	-3.3	-	-1.8	-	0.4	0.0	-5.1	0.4	-4.7
Fragm.Forest	0.043	7.9	5.6	4.9	-0.3	-	-	1.0	-	0.0	-0.3	1.0	0.7
Shrubs	0.025	1.1	0.8	0.8	-	0.0	-	0.0	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Short Fallow	0.015	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	0.0	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oth.Land Cov.	0.005	3.1	3.4	2.7	-	0.0	-	0.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.7	0.7
Water		0.0	0.0	0.0	-	-	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manm.W.Veg	0.105	5.2	4.9	5.0	-0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	-0.1	0.0	-0.1
Total Biomass		211.7	211.7	223.5	-7.5	-3.0	-3.7	1.7	0.4	0.3	-14.2	2.4	-11.8
					% of Loss			% of Gain
					Defor.	Degrad.	Fragm.	Affor.	Amelior	Manm.
					52.7	21.4	25.9	70.8	18.0	11.1

COMPARISON OF AREA CHANGES AND BIOMASS CHANGES
				AREA CHANGES		BIOMASS CHANGES
Natural Forest	tot 1990	tot 1980		'000 Ha	%	Million Tons	% of Total Biomass	% of Forest Biomass
Area ('000 ha)	1952.7	2088.4		'000 Ha	%	Million Tons	% of Total Biomass	% of Forest Biomass
% Forest/Land	70.1	75.0	Net Deforestation	136.0	6.5	-9.4	-4.2	-4.4
Biomass/Ha (Tons)	103.8	103.0	Net Forest Degradation	40.0	1.4	-2.6	-1.2	-1.2

¹ Results based on visible common area between recent and historical satellite images.
² The terms used are discussed in Section 2.2.1 “Definition of forest and forest area changes”.
³ Biomass changes related to Manmade Woody Vegetation of historical image are not accounted under these headings.
⁴ Inclusive of biomass changes in Manmade Woody Vegetation

ANNEX 12
(Section 4.2.1)
Analysis of Pan-Tropical Change Matrix¹

Number of Sampling Units:	115²	Land area studied ³:	(million hectares)	251.33
Results expanded to the total land area of the sampling frame :			(million hectares)	3068.01

RESULTS BY LAND COVER CATEGORIES ⁴

1) Changes in CONTINUOUS NATURAL FOREST LAND
Classes: Closed Forest Open Forest Long Fallow
	Conv. to Manm. W. Veg			Amelioration	Unchanged	Degradat.	Fragment. (partial defor.)	Deforestation		Total Cont. Forest land 1980
	Conv. to Manm. W. Veg			Amelioration	Unchanged	Degradat.	Fragment. (partial defor.)	To Other Wooded	To Non Wooded	Total Cont. Forest land 1980
Change '000ha	4174.6			2219.9	1607829.9	19547.3	15441.6	31104.8	49117.8	1729435.9
Change Rate %	0.2			0.1		1.1	0.9	1.8	2.8
2) Changes in FRAGMENTED NATURAL FOREST LAND
Class Fragmented Forest; composed by a mosaic of Forest / Non-Forest.							Estimated Forest Fraction :			0.33
	Conv.to Manm. W. Veg	Natural Affor.			Unchanged			(Partial deforest.)		Tot.Fragm. For.Land 1980
	Conv.to Manm. W. Veg	Natural Affor.			Unchanged			To Other Wooded	To Non Wooded	Tot.Fragm. For.Land 1980
Change '000 ha	391.7	1838.2			159328.1			1853.1	11652.0	175063.0
Change Rate %	0.2	1.0						1.1	6.7
Estimated area and changes of ACTUAL forest area within “Fragmented Forest” Class:
	net area	net aff.			Unch.forest			(Net deforestation)		Net Forest
Change '000ha	262.4	1231.6			52578.3			611.5	3845.2	57770.8
Change Rate %	0.5	2.1						1.1	6.7
3) Changes in OTHER WOODED LAND
Classes: Shrubs, Short Fallow
	Conv. to Manm. W.Veg	Natural afforestation		Amelioration	Unchanged	Degradation				Total Other Wood.Land 1980
	Conv. to Manm. W.Veg	Cont.	Fragm.	Amelioration	Unchanged	moderate	complete			Total Other Wood.Land 1980
Change '000ha	324.2	1925.9	525.3	335.5	272481.6	162.4	26848.5			302603.3
Change Rate %	0.1	0.6	0.2	0.1		0.1	8.9
4) Changes in NON WOODED AREAS
Classes: Other Land Cover, Water
	Conv. to Manm. W. Veg	Natural afforestation		Amelioration	Unchanged					Total Non Wood. Area 1980
	Conv. to Manm. W. Veg	Cont.	Fragm.	Amelioration	Unchanged					Total Non Wood. Area 1980
Change '000ha	462.4	1848.2	1399.1	4053.3	837271.9					845034.9
Change Rate %	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.5
5) Changes of MANMADE WOODY VEGETATION
Class Manmade Woody Vegetation (inclusive of both forest and agricultural plantations)
	Tot. New MW Veg (Recent Image)	New Manmade Woody Veg. Created On Previous:			Unchanged	Changed To:				Tot Manm. Woody Veg 1980
		New Manmade Woody Veg. Created On Previous:				Cont.or Fragm. Forest	Other Wooded	Non Wooded
		Forest Land	Other W. Land	Non W. Areas		Cont.or Fragm. Forest	Other Wooded	Non Wooded
Change '000ha	5352.8	4566.2	324.2	462.4	15680.9	71.4	12.8	110.0		15875.2
Change Rate %	33.7	28.8	2.0	2.9		0.4	0.1	0.7

¹ The Pan-tropical change Matrix and Woody Biomass Flux Diagramis are presented and discussed in Chapter 4.2.1
² For 2 sampling units out of 117 the change matrix could not be produced due to lack of suitable satellite images.
³ Results based on visible common land area between recent and historical satellite images.
⁴ All estimated area changes and percentage change rates refer to the 10 year period 1980–1990. The terms used are discussed in Section 2.2.1: “Definition of forest and forest area changes. The symbol “C” indicates values below the displayed decimal point”.

Analysis of Pan-Tropical Change Matrix (All regions, all ecological zones)

SUMMARY OF AREA RESULTS
6) Gross Deforestation (loss of natural forest)
Tot Gross Deforestation	'000 ha	99329.0
Gross Deforestation Rate	%	5.6

7) Net Deforestation (loss - gain of natural forest)
Tot Net Deforestation	'000 ha	93616.9
Net Deforestation Rate	%	5.2

8) Net Degradation Of Natural Forest
Tot Net For. Degradation	'000 ha	17327.4
Net Forest Degradat.Rate	%	1.0

9) Net Degradation Of Natural Woody Vegetation
Tot Net Degradation	'000 ha	39949.5
Net Degradation Rate	%	1.9

10) BALANCE NATURAL FOREST - MANMADE WOODY VEGETATION
			Natural Forest Continuous & Fragmented	Manmade Woody Vegetation	Total Natural + Manmade
	Area at year 1980	'000 ha	1787207	15875	1803082
	Area at year 1990	'000 ha	1693590	21034	1714624
	Difference	'000 ha	-93617	5159	-88458
	Change Rate	%	-5.2	32.5	-4.9
	Annual simple rate	%	-0.52	3.25	-0.49

INDICATIVE ESTIMATES OF BIOMASS CHANGES
	Estim.ed Biomass '000 T/ha	Classes 1990	Classes 1980	Classes 1980	Biomass in Million Tons
		Classes 1990	Classes 1980	Classes 1980	Loss ¹			Gain ⁵			Total Loss ²	Total Gain ⁶	Net Balance
		Biomass 1990	Biomass 1990	Biomass 1980	Defor.	Degrad.	Fragm.	Affor.	Amelior	Manm.	Total Loss ²	Total Gain ⁶	Net Balance
Closed Forest	0.225	288013	290636	307790	-13549	-2525	-1525	-	-	444	-17598	444	-17154
Open forest	0.090	26497	26328	27445	-1066	-9	-162	-	115	5	-1237	120	-1116
Long fallow	0.083	5068	4506	4712	-337	-	-27	-	158	ε	-364	158	-206
Fragm.Forest	0.059	10382	9784	10286	-654	-	-	131	-	21	-654	152	-501
Shrubs	0.040	6401	6352	6932	-	-644	-	52	-	11	-644	63	-580
Short Fallow	0.030	4499	3883	3879	-	-174	-	162	2	14	-174	178	4
Oth.Land Cov.	0.007	6446	6353	5903	-	-11	-	304	111	47	-11	461	450
Water			52		-	-	-	37	13	2		52	52
Manm.W.Veg	0.113	2366	1778	1786	-	-	-	-	-	-	-22	14	-8
Total Biomass		349673	349673	368732	-15606	-3361	-1714	686	398	545	-20703	1643	-19060
					% of Loss ⁵			% of Gain ⁵
					Defor.	Degrad.	Fragm.	Affor.	Amelior	Manm.
					75.4	16.2	8.3	41.8	24.2	33.2

COMPARISON OF AREA CHANGES AND BIOMASS CHANGES
Natural Forest	tot 1990	tot 1980		AREA CHANGES		BIOMASS CHANGES
				'000 Ha	%	Million Tons	% of Total Biomass	% of Forest Biomass
Area ('000 ha)	1693589.8	1787206.7
% Forest/Land	55.3	58.3	Net Deforestation	-93616.6	-5.2	-16633.2	-4.5	-4.7
Biomass/Ha (Tons)	195.6	196.0	Net Forest Degradation	-17327.4	-1.0	-2259.9	-0.6	-0.6

¹ Biomass changes related to 1980 Manmade Woody Vegetation are not accounted under these headings.
² Inclusive of biomass changes in Manmade Woody Vegetation

ANNEX 13
(Section 4.2.2)
Regional level transition matrix and flux diagram
Africa Region

Number of Sampling Units:	47	Land area studied (million ha):	104.24
Results expanded to the total land area surveyed (stratum 1,2,3; million hectares):			1223.96

Area transition matrix for the standard period 1980–1990¹
Classes at year 1980		Classes at year 1990 (Million hectares)
		Closed Forest	Open Forest	Long Fallow	Fragmented Forest	Shrub	Short Fallow	Other Land Cover	Water	Plantations	TOTAL 1980
		Closed Forest	Open Forest	Long Fallow	Fragmented Forest	Shrub	Short Fallow	Other Land Cover	Water	Plantations	Million ha	%
Closed Forest		324.37	4.48	1.59	4.01	0.10	8.47	3.26	ε	1.02	347.32	*28.4*
Open Forest		0.31	175.53	0.46	4.62	0.13	1.49	5.91	ε	0.05	188.49	*15.4*
Long Fallow		0.18	0.13	7.88	0.02	0.04	0.65	0.27	0.01	ε	9.19	*0.8*
Fragm.Forest		0.28	0.49	0.01	111.82	0.08	0.11	4.02	0.01	ε	116.82	*9.5*
Shrubs		0.01	0.10	ε	0.03	56.33		1.77	ε		58.24	*4.8*
Short Fallow		0.21	0.11	0.10	0.02	ε	68.01	1.22	0.01	0.07	69.75	*5.7*
Other Land		0.22	0.52	0.10	1.15	0.84	1.26	426.63	0.53	0.19	431.45	*35.3*
Water		0.01	ε		ε	0.01	0.05	0.88	(water)		0.95	*0.1*
Plantation		0.01	ε	ε	ε	ε	ε	0.03	ε	1.69	1.73	*0.1*
TOT 1990	M.ha	325.60	181.37	10.14	121.67	57.53	80.05	444.00	0.56	3.03	1223.96
	%	*26.6*	*14.8*	*0.8*	*9.9*	*4.7*	*6.5*	*36.3*	ε	*0.2*		*100*

Woody Biomass Flux Diagram²

¹ Results based on visible common area between recent and historical satellite images. Stable water (ocean, sea, lakes, rivers) has been excluded from the analysis of changes. The symbol “ε” indicates values below the displayed decimal point.
² Only class transitions accounting for more than 2 percent of the total change are shown in the diagram.

ANNEX 14
(Section 4.2.2)
Regional level transition matrix and flux diagram
Latin America Region

Number of Sampling Units:	39	Land area studied (million ha):	87.83
Results expanded to the total land area surveyed (stratum 1,2,3; million hectares):			1233.56

Area transition matrix for the standard period 1980–1990¹
Classes at year 1980		Classes at year 1990 (Million hectares)
		Closed Forest	Open Forest	Long Fallow	Fragmented Forest	Shrub	Short Fallow	Other Land Cover	Water	Plantations	TOTAL 1980
		Closed Forest	Open Forest	Long Fallow	Fragmented Forest	Shrub	Short Fallow	Other Land Cover	Water	Plantations	Million ha	%
Closed Forest		742.09	2.59	3.11	3.16	1.24	6.92	24.37	1.44	0.04	784.97	*63.6*
Open Forest		0.12	81.54	0.17	0.30	0.77	0.57	3.45	0.03	0.08	87.03	*7.1*
Long Fallow		0.12	0.11	5.63		0.10	1.00	0.14	0.01	ε	7.11	*0.6*
Fragm.Forest		0.07	0.01	0.32	32.81	0.09	0.72	6.15	0.23	0.24	40.63	*3.3*
Shrubs		0.04	0.02	0.12	0.01	85.89	0.19	14.99	0.07	0.12	101.45	*8.2*
Short Fallow		0.11	0.01	0.22	0.08	0.04	13.91	3.78	0.14	ε	18.29	*1.5*
Other Land		0.21	0.02	0.01	0.09	0.85	0.14	189.54	0.87	0.09	191.83	*15.6*
Water		0.11	0.01	0.01	0.04	ε	0.02	0.47	(water)	ε	0.66	*0.1*
Plantation								0.01		1.57	1.59	*0.1*
TOT 1990	M.ha	742.87	84.32	9.60	36.49	88.98	23.46	242.89	0.79	2.15	1223.56
	%	*60.2*	*6.8*	*0.8*	*3.0*	*7.2*	*1.9*	*19.7*	0.2	*0.2*		*100*

Woody Biomass Flux Diagram²

ANNEX 15
(Section 4.2.2)
Regional level transition matrix and flux diagram
Asia Region

Number of Sampling Units:	29	Land area studied (million ha):	59.26
Results expanded to the total land area surveyed (stratum 1,2,3; million hectares):			610.49

Area transition matrix for the standard period 1980–1990¹
Classes at year 1980		Classes at year 1990 (Million hectares)
		Closed Forest	Open Forest	Long Fallow	Fragmented Forest	Shrub	Short Fallow	Other Land Cover	Water	Plantations	TOTAL 1980
		Closed Forest	Open Forest	Long Fallow	Fragmented Forest	Shrub	Short Fallow	Other Land Cover	Water	Plantations	Million ha	%
Closed Forest		209.44	1.90	4.57	2.00	1.19	6.18	7.16	0.33	2.88	235.66	*38.6*
Open Forest		0.43	26.23	0.68	0.26	0.56	0.34	0.82	0.02	0.08	29.41	*4.8*
Long Fallow		0.80	0.02	35.09	1.07	0.65	0.70	1.86	0.04	0.01	40.24	*6.6*
Fragm.Forest		0.22	0.14	0.30	14.70	0.28	0.58	1.23	0.01	0.15	17.61	*2.9*
Shrubs		0.10	0.08	0.14	0.11	10.47	0.15	2.42	0.11	0.03	13.60	*2.2*
Short Fallow		0.24	0.17	0.15	0.28	0.12	37.86	2.30	0.04	0.10	41.26	*6.8*
Other Land		0.29	0.16	0.15	0.11	0.25	0.63	218.05	0.18	0.16	219.98	*36.0*
Water		0.02	0.01		0.01		ε	0.11	(water)	0.02	0.16	*0.0*
Plantation		0.04	0.03	ε	ε		0.01	0.07		12.41	12.56	*2.1*
TOT 1990	M.ha	211.58	28.73	41.07	18.53	13.51	46.45	234.03	0.74	15.85	610.49
	%	*34.7*	*4.7*	*6.7*	*3.0*	*2.2*	*7.6*	*38.3*	*0.1*	*2.6*		*100*

Woody Biomass Flux Diagram²

ANNEX 16
(Section 4.2.3)
Summary table of the main parameters characterizing the ecological zones

Ecological zone	Dominant forest formations	Bioclimatic parameters
		Mean annual rainfall (mm)	No. of rainy days (length of dry season)	Mean annual air humidity (%)	Mean annual temperature (°C)	Mean temperature of coldest month (°C)
Zone 1	Wet and very moist evergreen and semi-evergreen forest	>2000	>150 (no distinct dry season)	>75	22–27	>23

Wet and Very Moist

Zone 2	Moist semi-deciduous and deciduous forest, woodlands, and tree savanna	1000–2000	70–170 (2–7 months)	>65	22–27	>23

Moist (with short and long dry season)

Zone 3	Drought-deciduous and evergreen forests, woodlands, tree savanna; discontinuous thickets, tree/shrub savanna	200–1000	20–120 (7–11 months)	~50	20–30	>15

Sub-Dry to Very Dry

Semi-arid and Arid zones (not represented within the sampling frame)	Tree/shrub steppe	<200	<20 (12 months)	<50	14–25	>10

Annexes (continued)

ANNEX 11 (Section 4.1) Example of results and analysis at individual sampling unit level: SU 4409 - North East India

ANNEX 12 (Section 4.2.1) Analysis of Pan-Tropical Change Matrix1

ANNEX 13(Section 4.2.2)Regional level transition matrix and flux diagram Africa Region

ANNEX 14(Section 4.2.2)Regional level transition matrix and flux diagram Latin America Region

ANNEX 15(Section 4.2.2)Regional level transition matrix and flux diagram Asia Region

ANNEX 16 (Section 4.2.3) Summary table of the main parameters characterizing the ecological zones

ANNEX 11
(Section 4.1)
Example of results and analysis at individual sampling unit level:
SU 4409 - North East India

ANNEX 12
(Section 4.2.1)
Analysis of Pan-Tropical Change Matrix¹

ANNEX 13
(Section 4.2.2)
Regional level transition matrix and flux diagram
Africa Region

ANNEX 14
(Section 4.2.2)
Regional level transition matrix and flux diagram
Latin America Region

ANNEX 15
(Section 4.2.2)
Regional level transition matrix and flux diagram
Asia Region

ANNEX 16
(Section 4.2.3)
Summary table of the main parameters characterizing the ecological zones