Berries and other small fruits (Tables 14-15). The only registered uses are on grapes. The treatments are 2 x 0.09-0.096 kg ai/ha in Italy and Spain with a PHI of 28 days, and in Switzerland with a PHI of 21 days. In Saudi Arabia two treatments are registered with a spray concentration of 0.011 kg ai/hl and a 21-day PHI.
Nine varieties of grape were treated in France, Germany and Italy between 1982 and 1984 1-3 times at rates of 0.1-0.3 kg ai/ha. After one or two applications 0.15-0.23 kg ai/ha the residues of teflubenzuron in samples taken 21-28 days after the last treatment were between <0.05 and 0.72 mg/kg. The application rates in most of the trials were much higher than the rates close to 0.1 kg ai/ha permitted by GAP.
Table 14. Residues of teflubenzuron in grapes from supervised trials.
|
Country, year |
Application |
PHI, days |
Residues, mg/kg |
Report No. |
||
|
kg ai/hl |
kg ai/ha |
No. |
||||
|
France, 1982 |
0.27 |
0.30 |
1 |
66 |
0.86 |
18260.35.01 |
|
France, 1982 |
0.30 |
0.30 |
1 |
58 |
3.3 |
18260.35.02 |
|
France, 1983 |
0.27 |
0.30 |
1 |
58 |
0.58 |
18361.35.01 |
|
France, 1983 |
0.21 |
0.30 |
1 |
58 |
0.41 |
18361.35.02 |
|
France, 1984 |
0.10 |
0.11 |
1 |
70 |
<0.05 |
I8455.35.01a |
|
France, 1984 |
0.14 |
0.15 |
1 |
70 |
0.17 |
I8455.35.01b |
|
France, 1984 |
0.006 |
0.025 |
1 |
77 |
0.02 |
FR8480508a |
|
France, 1984 |
0.013 |
0.05 |
1 |
77 |
0.03 |
FR8480508b |
|
France, 1984 |
0.025 |
0.10 |
1 |
77 |
0.11 |
FR8480508c |
|
France, 1984 |
0.038 |
0.15 |
1 |
77 |
0.14 |
FR8480508d |
|
Germany, 1982
|
0.015 |
0.18 |
2 |
0 |
0.25 |
C821472
|
|
|
|
|
21 |
0.09 |
||
|
|
|
|
28 |
0.14 |
||
|
|
|
|
35 |
0.17 |
||
|
|
|
|
42 |
0.12 |
||
|
Germany, 1982
|
0.015 |
0.15 |
1 |
0 |
0.27 |
C82140301
|
|
0.015 |
0.23 |
1 |
21 |
0.20 |
||
|
|
|
|
28 |
0.05 |
||
|
|
|
|
35 |
0.17 |
||
|
|
|
|
42 |
0.21 |
||
|
Germany, 1983
|
0.011 |
0.16 |
1 |
0 |
0.17 |
C832772
|
|
0.011 |
0.21 |
1 |
21 |
0.17 |
||
|
|
|
|
28 |
0.15 |
||
|
|
|
|
35 |
0.26 |
||
|
|
|
|
42 |
0.15 |
||
|
Germany, 1983
|
0.011 |
0.16 |
1 |
0 |
0.37 |
C83270301
|
|
0.011 |
0.21 |
1 |
21 |
0.23 |
||
|
|
|
|
28 |
0.24 |
||
|
|
|
|
35 |
0.19 |
||
|
|
|
|
42 |
0.22 |
||
|
|
|
|
49 |
0.22 |
||
|
|
|
|
56 |
0.16 |
||
|
|
|
|
63 |
0.13 |
||
|
Germany, 1983
|
0.011 |
0.16 |
2 |
0 |
0.13 |
C83270601
|
|
|
|
|
21 |
0.08 |
||
|
|
|
|
28 |
0.07 |
||
|
|
|
|
35 |
0.05 |
||
|
|
|
|
42 |
0.04 |
||
|
|
|
|
56 |
0.05 |
||
|
Italy, 1984
|
0.014 |
0.27 |
3 |
0 |
4.0 |
184/36/07/01
|
|
|
|
|
7 |
2.0 |
||
|
|
|
|
14 |
2.4 |
||
|
|
|
|
21 |
2.3 |
||
|
|
|
|
28 |
2.1 |
||
|
Italy, 1984
|
0.014 |
0.27 |
1 |
0 |
3.1 |
184/36/07/04
|
|
|
|
|
7 |
1.8 |
||
|
|
|
|
14 |
1.1 |
||
|
|
|
|
21 |
1.0 |
||
|
|
|
|
28 |
1.0 |
||
|
Italy, 1984
|
0.009 |
0.18 |
2 |
0 |
0.55 |
184/36/07/12
|
|
|
|
|
7 |
0.68 |
||
|
|
|
|
14 |
0.54 |
||
|
|
|
|
21 |
0.38 |
||
|
|
|
|
28 |
<0.05 |
||
|
Italy, 1984
|
0.009 |
0.18 |
2 |
0 |
2.7 |
184/36/07/13
|
|
|
|
|
7 |
1.4 |
||
|
|
|
|
14 |
0.82 |
||
|
|
|
|
21 |
0.72 |
||
|
|
|
|
28 |
0.67 |
||
|
Italy, 1984
|
0.014 |
0.27 |
1 |
0 |
1.7 |
184/36/07/05
|
|
|
|
|
7 |
1.4 |
||
|
|
|
|
14 |
1.1 |
||
|
|
|
|
21 |
1.0 |
||
|
|
|
|
28 |
0.94 |
||
In Germany, teflubenzuron is registered for use in forests against larvae of Tenthredinidae spp. and free-eating caterpillars (1 x 0.023 kg ai/ha). As a result, wild berries and fruits are treated unintentionally. For consumer safety, eight supervised residue trials were carried out on wild raspberries, blackberries and blueberries. The worst case was simulated by application of approximately twice the registered rate. Berries were sampled at various dates after single applications of 0.045 kg ai/ha. Residues were <0.05-0.09 mg/kg in raspberries and blackberries and 0.03-0.15 mg/kg in blueberries.
Table 15. Residues of teflubenzuron in wild berries from supervised trials in Germany.
|
Year |
Application |
PHI, days |
Residues, mg/kg |
Report No. |
||||
|
kg ai/hl |
kg ai/ha |
No. |
||||||
|
Raspberries |
||||||||
|
1984
|
0.004 |
0.045 |
1 |
0 |
0.06 |
C84100401
|
||
|
|
|
|
3 |
<0.05 |
||||
|
|
|
|
7 |
<0.05 |
||||
|
|
|
|
14 |
<0.05 |
||||
|
1984
|
0.004 |
0.045 |
1 |
0 |
0.09 |
C84100402
|
||
|
|
|
|
3 |
<0.05 |
||||
|
|
|
|
7 |
<0.05 |
||||
|
|
|
|
14 |
<0.05 |
||||
|
Blackberries |
||||||||
|
1984
|
0.004 |
0.045 |
1 |
0 |
<0.05 |
C84110401
|
||
|
|
|
|
3 |
<0.05 |
||||
|
|
|
|
7 |
<0.05 |
||||
|
|
|
|
14 |
<0.05 |
||||
|
1984
|
0.004 |
0.045 |
1 |
0 |
<0.05 |
C84110402
|
||
|
|
|
|
3 |
<0.05 |
||||
|
|
|
|
7 |
<0.05 |
||||
|
|
|
|
14 |
<0.05 |
||||
|
1985
|
0.045 |
0.045 |
1 |
0 |
0.06 |
C851803
|
||
|
|
|
|
1 |
0.07 |
||||
|
|
|
|
2 |
0.08 |
||||
|
|
|
|
7 |
0.05 |
||||
|
|
|
|
14 |
0.04 |
||||
|
Blueberries |
||||||||
|
1985
|
0.045 |
0.045 |
1 |
0 |
0.10 |
C85190501 |
||
|
|
|
|
1 |
0.08 |
||||
|
|
|
|
2 |
0.11 |
||||
|
|
|
|
7 |
0.07 |
||||
|
|
|
|
14 |
0.09 |
||||
|
1985
|
0.045 |
0.045 |
1 |
0 |
0,09 |
C85190502
|
||
|
|
|
|
1 |
0.10 |
||||
|
|
|
|
2 |
0.11 |
||||
|
|
|
|
7 |
0.05 |
||||
|
|
|
|
14 |
0.03 |
||||
|
1985
|
0.045 |
0.045 |
1 |
0 |
0.08 |
C85190503
|
||
|
|
|
|
1 |
0.12 |
||||
|
|
|
|
2 |
0.15 |
||||
|
|
|
|
7 |
0.06 |
||||
|
|
|
|
14 |
0.08 |
||||
Persimmons (Table 16). In a group of 5 trials in Korea in 1992 persimmons were treated 2-6 times with a 5% SC formulation at a rate of 0.25 kg ai/ha. Residues in samples taken 3-45 days after the last treatment ranged between 0.02 and 0.09 mg/kg. No GAP was available to evaluate the results.
Table 16. Residues of teflubenzuron in persimmons from supervised trials in Korea, 1992. Whole fruit analysed.
|
Application |
PHI, days |
Residues, mg/kg |
Report No. |
|
|
kg ai/ha |
No. |
|||
|
0.25 |
2 |
45 |
0.02 |
KORE.92.002 |
|
0.25
|
3 |
3 |
0.06 |
KORE.92.002
|
|
7 |
0.05 |
|||
|
15 |
0.03 |
|||
|
30 |
0.03 |
|||
|
0.25 |
4 |
3 |
0.07 |
KORE.92.002 |
|
7 |
0.04 |
|||
|
15 |
0.04 |
|||
|
0.25 |
5 |
3 |
0.09 |
KORE.92.002 |
|
7 |
0.06 |
|||
|
0.25 |
6 |
3 |
0.09 |
KORE.92.002 |
