FAO/GIEWS: Africa Report No.1, April 2000 BURUNDI 5

Area:	25 700 sq.km
Climate:	Highland rainy climate with moderate temperature (20⁰C); two rainy seasons: Feb.-May and Sept.-Nov.
Population:	6.47 million (1999 estimate); G.N.P. per caput: US$ 140 (1998)
Specific characteristics of the country:	Low-income food-deficit country; land-locked country
Logistics:	Ports: Mombasa (Kenya) and Dar es Salaam (Tanzania); rail and road connections inadequate
Major foodcrops:	Pulses, plantains, roots, tubers, maize and sorghum
Marketing year:	January/December; Lean season: November-December
Share of cereals in total calorie intake:	34 percent

CURRENT SITUATION

The output of the recently harvested 2000 A season crops is estimated to be lower than last year's already reduced level. This reflects adverse weather during the growing season, coupled with deterioration in the security situation. Following an early start of the rains, a prolonged dry spell from mid-October to mid-November resulted in reductions in plantings and yields, particularly in the northern province of Kirundo. The displacement and regroupment in camps of large numbers of population, as a result of the escalation of the civil conflict, occurred immediately after the beginning of the rains, contributing to a further reduction in the area planted. Provinces most affected by insecurity were Rutana, Makamba and Bujumbura rural.

The output of cereals is estimated at 74 000 tonnes, a decline of 13 percent from last year and that of beans at 62 000 tonnes some 17 percent down. Production of roots/tubers and of bananas and plantains declined by 3 percent and 1 percent to 464 000 tonnes and 450 000 tonnes respectively.

The overall food and nutritional situation continues to deteriorate following a succession of reduced harvests and the persistent population displacement. Food prices have increased sharply from a year ago, mainly for beans, the crop most affected by the dry weather. An estimated 1.6 million people have been seriously affected by a drought-reduced harvest this season. Food aid is being distributed to 60 000 families in the province of Kirundo. In addition, the situation of some 800 000 people (12 percent of the population) in regroupment camps gives particular cause for concern. Living conditions in the camps are extremely poor. Only a limited number of people have access to their fields, while most remain entirely dependent on food aid. A nutritional survey carried out in nine regroupment camps last December shows a global malnutrition rate of about 18 percent and severe malnutrition rates between 3 and 5 percent. WFP resumed its normal activities in the camps in mid-November, since the suspension of all UN operations in mid-October.

CEREAL SUPPLY/DEMAND BALANCE FOR THE 2000 MARKETING YEAR (in thousand tonnes)

	Wheat	Rice	Coarse grains	Total
Normal Production	7	41	253	301
Normal Imports	20	2	7	29
of which: Structural food aid	-	-	-	-
2000 Domestic Availability	10	25	215	250
2000 Production (rice in paddy terms)	10	38	215	263
2000 Production (rice in milled terms)	10	25	215	250
Possible stock drawdown	-	-	-	-
2000 Utilization	35	30	250	315
Food Use	35	28	221	284
of which: local purchase requirement	-	-	-	-
Non-food use	-	2	24	26
Exports or Re-exports	-	-	-	-
Possible stock build up	-	-	5	5
2000 Import Requirement	25	5	35	65
Anticipated commercial imports	10	5	-	15
Food aid needs	15	-	35	50
Current Aid Position
Food aid pledges	-	-	-	-
of which: Delivered	-	-	-	-
Donor-financed purchases	-	-	-	-
of which: for local use	-	-	-	-
for export	-	-	-	-
Estimated Per Caput Consumption (kg/year)	5	4	34	44
Indexes
2000 production as % of normal:				87
2000 import requirement as % of normal:				224
2000 food aid requirement as % of normal:				-