Agriculture - An Analysis of International Experience
FAO WATER REPORTS 28 Water charging in irrigated by |
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FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2004 |
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Extract of ETM plus mosaic N-36-10. Courtesy of
GLFC Earth
Science Data Interface hosted by the
University of Maryland, United States of
America.
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ISBN 92-5-105211-5
ISSN 1020-1203
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Aim and purpose
Scope and limits
Country case studies
Terms and definitionsWater charges and water charging systems
Water pricing
Cost of waterTypes of charging system
The theoretical relationship between volumtric water pricing and demand
The relationship between pricing and tradable water rights
Trends in international policy development
Experience from municipal and industrial water sectors
2. Objectives of irrigation water charging
Service delivery - cost and accountability
To cover service costs and fund adequate maintenance
To improve service deliveryDemand management, improved water allocation and pollution control
Demand management - an incentive for efficient use
Allocating water to highest priority uses
Improving water quality
Non-volumetric methods
Volumetric methods
Market-based methods
Pricing structures in practice
Summary
4. Linking charging objectives and methods
Introduction
Achieving cost recoveryImproving cost recovery - the role of irrigation management transfer
Demand management and water saving
5. Institutional and organizational issues affecting water charging
Water and land rights
Calculating O&M costs
Who should pay, when, and for what
Government, enforcement and regulatory bodies
Financially unsustainable systems
Making payment
Water pricing and improved irrigation technologies
Resource needs
Terms of trade
Preconditions for achieving effective irrigation charging
Summary
Drivers for change
Objectives of charging
Design of a charging system
Effects of charging on water saving
Implementing charging policies
Knowledge gaps
Annex 1 Water charging for irrigation - data from the literature
Annex 2 Analysis of irrigation charging objectives and their realization in the case studies