Appendix M. Priority listing of problems by country for the region and proposed actions to combat these problems

Issue

Myanmar

Philippines

Malaysia

Indonesia

Lao PDR

China, PRO

Viet Nam

Cambodia

Thailand

Korea, DPR

Average

Rank

Use of prohibited gears and methods (dynamite, poisons, push nets, small mesh)

1

1

8

7

4

2

3

3

9

4

4.2

1

Inadequate MCS

3

4

1

11

6

4

9

2

2

4.7

2

Number of unregistered fishing vessels

5

9

4

3

3

6

8

7

11

5.6

3

Encroachment of foreign fishing vessels

2

2

2

1

10

8

11

6

8

5.6

3

Unauthorized fishing in management zones

6

3

3

5

1

13

7

7

11

7

6.3

5

Unauthorized fishing in closed areas/seasons

11

12

5

6

2

1

9

2

10

5

6.3

5

Unreporting/misreporting of catches

7

5

7

10

9

14

1

4

4

3

6.4

7

Number of unauthorized vessels/gears

4

10

6

4

4

2

10

8

12

6.7

8

Inadequate legislation for IUU fishing/MCS

8

8

13

12

8

7

5

1

1

15

7.8

9

Lack of coordination/ communications between administrations

13

13

9

8

5

15

13

6

3

9

9.4

10

Inadequate regional coopera-tion on IUU fishing issues

15

14

10

2

7

9

10

13

5

13

9.8

11

Fishing unauthorized species

9

11

14

14

3

12

11

15

12

1

10.2

12

Lack of cooperation between central and local governments as well as among local governments

12

15

11

9

6

8

14

5

13

14

10.7

13

Fishing endangered species

10

6

12

15

11

12

12

15

6

11.0

14

Un-seaworthy vessels (not certified)

14

7

15

13

5

15

14

14

10

11.9

15

Issue

Action

Use of prohibited gears and methods (dynamite, poisons, push nets, small mesh)

- Terminate/cancel fishing licence
- Confiscate the catch
- Control the sale of dynamite and poisons
- Impose stricter measures for dynamite fishing
- Awareness building programs
- Improve livelihoods (e.g. education, health, income)

Inadequate MCS

- Involve stakeholders in MCS
- Encourage regional cooperation on MCS

Number of unregistered fishing vessels

- Register all fishing vessels
- Strengthen enforcement and sanctions

Encroachment of foreign fishing vessels

- Regional cooperation including bilateral arrangement
- Regional cooperation in MCS
- Develop a RFMO
- Strengthen maritime delimitation

Unauthorized fishing in management zones

- Strengthen enforcement and sanctions
- Conduct awareness building programs
- Involve fishing communities
- Develop fishing zones

Unauthorized fishing in closed areas/seasons

- Strengthen enforcement and sanctions
- Conduct awareness building programs
- Involve fishing communities

Unreporting/misreporting of catches

- Condition in the licence
- Strengthen port state control measures
- Strengthen monitoring system
- Use of logbooks
- Develop observer programmes

Number of unauthorized vessels/gears

- licence registered for all vessels/gear
- Moratorium on issuance of new fishing gear/vessel license to effect the inventory
- Develop programmes to reduce fishing vessel number
- Develop alternative livelihoods
- Strengthen enforcement and sanctions

Inadequate legislation for IUU fishing/MCS

- Review and modify existing legislation

Lack of coordination/ communications between administrations

- Strong policy directives on inter-agency coordination
- Sharing information and networking

Inadequate regional cooperation on IUU fishing issues

Expand bilateral to multilateral agreement
- Use existing sub-regional organizations/arrangements

Fishing unauthorized species

- Educate fishers on fish species
- Public awareness programmes
- Heavy penalties
- Promote the use of selective fishing gears

Fishing endangered species

- Educate fishers on fish species
- Public awareness programmes
- Heavy penalties
- Promote the use of by-catch reduction devices

Lack of cooperation between central and local governments as well as among local governments

- Strong policy directives on inter-agency coordination
- Sharing information and networking
- Devolve responsibilities to local government

Un-seaworthy vessels (not certified)

- Strengthen port inspection
- Refuse registration/licensing