Annex 4

Bangladesh

IPRSP/ Jun 2003

Bhutan

9^th Plan 2002-7

Issues

1

Catch and release fly-fishing opportunity to promote eco-tourism
Rivers are under-stocked with inbreeding affecting fish quality.

Links

1

Fresh water fisheries identified as important resource.
Potential of eco-tourism in supplementing local incomes recognized.

Responses

1

Need to establish hatcheries to re-stock rivers stressed.

Cambodia

PRSP/ Dec 2002

Issues

3

Separate sections discussing aquaculture, fisheries management and livelihood improvement, community fisheries. Also fisheries related issues raised throughout the document, incl.
- State loses US$100m/yr. due to corruption, incl. illegal fishing,
- Women dominate fisheries sector post-catch to marketing (75%).
- Natural res. depletion (fish) increases conflicts among user groups.
- Inappr. govt. market interventions hinder fisheries devt.- change of corp. culture needed to build competitive, market responsive sector.
- Incorporating fishing villages into eco-tourism strategy would help to supplement local incomes

Links

2

Fisheries are a key area for securing rural livelihoods with implications for other aspects of poverty. 1993-2001 agric. accounted for 46.4% of GDP, 30% thereof fisheries. Sharp increases in trade, incl. fish, over past decade noted- imp. of agri-exports for pov. reduct. recognized.
Natural resource destruction aggravates the situation of the poor. Constrained access to natural (fishery-related) resources results in increased food insecurity for growing number of families.
Fish accounts for 30% of national animal protein intake, 40-60% in rural areas, 70-75% in areas close to the Tonle Sap Great Lake/ rivers etc. Larger share of fish in consumpt. expend. among the poor

Responses

3

Two out of 9 components of Equitable Agric. Devt. are fisheries related (rice-fish farming and aquaculture; comm.-based fisheries mgmt.)- components and implementation strategies detailed- govt. measures identified and costed and monitoring indicators defined in implementation matrix. Includes fishing-lot reform progr. to promote resource access of poor families/ communities.
Industr. policy to promote processing industries for exist. natural resources, incl. fish.
Some progress in reforming natural resource management (incl. fisheries) - one of 8 priority areas of Governance Action Plan (GAP)
Advances made in tackling corruption in fisheries.
Trade related sector studies incl. freshwater fisheries published.
Impl. matrix incl. gender specific ext. programmes to take account of dominant role of women in traditional farming, fishing and marketing

Process

2

Specific data on fishing communities derived from Household Socio-Economic Survey in Fishing Communities 1995-6
Poor reps. of fisheries sector participated in PRSP workshops.
Intended change to co-management of fishery resources includes empowerment of local people.

China

*10^th FYP 2001-5

India

10^th FYP 2002-7

Issues

1

Decade of growth in fishery sector (6% p.a.)/ aquaculture (10-12%)
Agric./fisheries prod. incr. needed to meet nutrit. needs of popul.
Quality and safety aspects of agric./fisheries products are important.
Analysis of port facilities, incl. fishing ports. Port devt. projects to address environ. issues, incl. impact on fisheries and fishermen.

Links

1

Agric. and allied sectors (fisheries) imp. for improv. econ. sit., health, nutrition of rural masses. High employment potential of fisheries good for improving living-standards, but growth slowed in 1990s.
Scheduled Castes (SCs)/ Other Backward Classes (OBCs)- the worst off in socio-econ. terms- are agric. labourers, fishermen etc.

Responses

2

Refs. to fisheries scattered throughout the doc., incl.:
- Diversif. of land-based activities, e.g into aquaculture, to be encour. in "backward regions". Poss. finan. supp. to proj. using waterlogged lands for aquaculture. Fishing rights for ponds pref. given to self-help groups of landless, to promote alternative sources of livelihood.
- Possibility to develop welfare funds for fish processing workers
- Measures to promote export avenues for agric., fisheries promised.
- Third priority of agric. devt. is research/ dissemin. of agric. technol., focus on devt. of marine fish resources/ deep-sea fishing (harvest/ post-harvest techn, fish products), bio-technology (incl. gen. engineered fishes, selective breeding), immuno-pathological research, sustainability. Research instit., incl. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources (NBFGR) to be strengthened.
- Schemes for fish processing devt. Are being implemented.

Indonesia

*PPPN 2002-4

Jordan

*SETP
Vision 2020

No mention of fisheries sector whatsoever

Korea DPR

Lao PDR

IPRSP/ Mar 2001

Responses

1

Agricultural devt. policy oriented towards achieving household/ community food security by diversifying rural livelihood approaches with, inter alia, increased fisheries production (refl. in policy matrix).

Process

1

National women's/ youth org. assigned key role in promoting income-generating/ prod. activities amongst women (incl. fish ponds) and devt. of skills amongst youths (incl. cross fish breeding).

Lebanon

*FYDP 2000-4

Malaysia

8^th MP 2001-5

Issues

2

Ch. on Agric. Devt. cont. several sep. para. outlining progress of fishery sub-sector, aquaculture devt., fisheries prospects; Tables on Agric. value added, Agric. production, Self-suffic. level of food comm., Food exports/imports (all sep. figs for fisheries).
Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (FAO, 1997) promoted.

Responses

2

Chap. on Agric. Devt. cont. sep. para. outlining measures to promote fisheries prod., aquaculture, ornamental fish rearing, incl. diversification of smallholder/farmer activity, into aquaculture, prov. of basic phys. infrastr. (fishery complexes).
Chap. on Environment contains sep para. on planned interv. wrt. management of coastal and marine resources.
Restructuring of Agric. Agencies (incl. Dept. of Fisheries) announced
R&D in fisheries to emphasize genetic improvement, product devt., new culture systems (open/ deep-sea cage culture), water treatment.
Food processing ind. (incl. fish) and other processing of aquatic-based organisms to be promoted.
Integr. of sport fishing into tourism packages envisaged.
Table on Devt. Alloc. for Agric. (incl. fisheries).

Mongolia

PRSP/ Sep 2003

Links

1

Table detailing devt. of adult foodstuff consumption since 1990. All food-stuff (except meat and milk) consistently below recommended level. Figures shown for fish/ fish products part. low.

Responses

1

Implement. matrix signals need for cooperation with other countries to increase supply of fish and fish products to meet domestic demand

Myanmar

Nepal

PRSP/ Oct 2003

No mention of fisheries sector whatsoever

Oman

6^th FYDP 2001-5

Issues
Responses

3
3

Recog. of sectors econ. potential - proj. growth of 5.6% p.a. till 2020.
Det. eval. of fisheries perform. against obj., approved policies and mechanisms, and Investment programme of 1996-2000 Devt Plan.
Identification of challenges facing traditional and commercial sectors.
Objectives, policies and mechanisms and investment programme of Sixth FYDP clearly identified and costed.

Pakistan

IPRSP/ Nov 2001

Link

1

Potential of govt. action (prov. of inputs) aimed at promoting fisheries in generating add. income and employment for the poor.

Philippines

MTDP 2001-4

Issues

3

Two chapters detailing (i) the state, challenges of, and devt. strategies for, agric./fisheries sector, and (ii) environ. related issues and responses, incl. vis-à-vis fishery resources.

Links

2

Maj. of poor live in rural area (77%), engage in subsist. farming and fishing. Rural incomes not diversified. Present rural devt. insufficient to sustain employment and income growth in agric. and fisheries.
Environ. degradation contributes to low agr./fisheries prod. resulting in low incomes and high poverty. Unfavour. econ. conditions force subsist. farmers and fishers to adopt destructive resource practices.

Responses

3

Detailed strategy for agric. and fishery devt. Set out in Agric./ Fisheries chapter, including descript. of Agricultural and Fisheries Modernization Act (AFMA, 1997). Devt. targets (2 scenarios) set, intervention strategies and measures identified.
Environm. chapter details targets (incl. Coastal and Marine Sector), strategies and measures (incl. several fisheries related).
Training/ post-training assist should target marginal. pop. sectors, incl. fisherfolk. Higher edu. instit. to be establ./ strength (Nation. Centre and Provincial Institutes of Agric./Fisheries (NCA/F; PIA/F) under National Agri. and Fisheries Edu. System (NAFES)

Process

2

Fisheries sector reps. participated in MTDP drafting process.
AFMA mandates stakeholder particip. in identif. of Strategic Agric. and Fisheries Devt Zones (SAFDZS) and SAFDZ devt plans.
MTDP identifies measures to promote stakeholder participation in natural resources management (only one fisheries specific)

Qatar

Sri Lanka

PRSP/ Dec 2002

Issues

2

War had adverse effects on fisheries (excl. from prod. fishing zones, transport, access to markets, expensive inputs, displacement) but output in north has begun to recover.
Severe erosion of coast affects thousands of fishing families.

Links

2

Coastal fishing comm. amongst the poorest in the rural sector, suffering from social excl. (poor integr., access to social services).
Vulnerability of maj. of rural pop. (incl. fishermen): moving in and out of pov. acc. to season/ climate/ other ext. factors (market prices).
Potent. role of growth in agric. (incl. fisheries) for pov. red. stressed.

Responses

2

Fisheries policy based on National Fisheries Development Program and Coastal Zone Management Program (CZMP). Key strategies pursued include prov. of inputs/technologies, infrastructure devt., state sector reform and private sector partnerships, aquaculture devt. and community hatcheries, commercialization and export prom. (yet lack of fully articulated expenditure framework).
Coastal Preserv.: Series of measures to tackle coastal erosion incl. ban on use of coral reef lime, coastal repairs and protect. structures, prom. of community based resource management, reform/ amendments to regulatory/ institutional environment (Coastal Conservation Action, Fisheries Aquatic Resource Act, CZMP)
Spec. targeted interventions to bring poor/ soc. excl. groups (incl. fishermen) into econ. mainstream (housing programmes, infrastr. devt., Promotion of self-employment among poor fisher-women). Reconstruction effort includes issuing of inputs (incl. fishing nets, boats) to fishermen, rehab. of fish harbours and cooling plants.

Process

3

Section details measures to enable and foster wide-ranging and effective community participation in management of maritime resources and coastal preservation. Also included in action matrix.

Syrian Arab Rep.

Thailand

9^th NESDP 2002-6

Issues

1

Unsustainable exploit. of environ. resources, incl. fisheries and coastal res., has neg. affected ecosystem balance and bio-diversity.

Responses

1

Environ. protection meas. include amendment of laws (incl. Fishery Act B.A. 2490 (1947)) to decentralize admin. and allow for comm. particip., clear demarcation of preservation areas for endangered flora and aquatic fauna, clear zoning and protect. of local fishing areas.

Process

2

Ch. on Natur. Resource and Env. Mngmt outlines variety of measures (incl. fisheries specific) to promote community participation

Viet Nam

PRSP/ May 2002

Issues

1

Advances in transformation of agric. prod.- rapid growth of fishery and aquaculture noted.

Links

1

Key role in econ. growth and pov. red. effort assigned to devt. of agricultural prod., fishing and aquaculture.
Many poor without access to prod. enhancing services, such as fishery extension.

Responses

2

Gov. role in promoting off-shore fishing and intensifying/ diversifying aquaculture (incl. integr. shrimp-rice, fish-rice areas) outlined (provision of infrastructure, constr. 6 national breeding/ environmental alert centers, R&D, modern. processing ind., sales, marketing, environmental protection). Support policies targeting poor families promised, incl. prod. inputs, information, extension services, training, subsidized investment, technology transfer, capacity-building in risk-management, prevention and recovery. Harnessing targeted prom. of agric. forestr. and fishery prod. to narrow material gap between ethnic groups.

Yemen

PRSP/ May 2002

Issues

2

Rapid growth of fisheries sector (9.4% p.a.) betw. 1995-2000- among the "most promising" sectors in strife for econ. Growth.
Coast and marine environment threatened by lack of adeq. monitoring/ control systems, (illegal) overfishing, inappr. fishing practices, tourism devt., chemicals and waste pollution.
High percentage of women working in informal sector, incl. fisheries.

Links

1

Majority of labourers in fisheries sector are poor
Imp. of agr. and fisheries sector for the poor recognized
Environ. degrad. neg. affects livelihoods of poor fishing commun.

Responses

3

Objective- fisheries growth of 7.8% p.a. while protecting fish stocks. Strategy, programs/ projects identified (incl. research, creation of marine control system, law and regulation revision, quality control labs., finance for inputs, infrastructure devt.) and costed.
Weak/ vague on spec. pro-poor interventions- with Agric. Prod. and Fisheries Promotion Fund (APFPF) to reduce burden of rising input prices to enable benef. to continue activities and improve efficiency.

Process

1

APFPF activities to be undertaken "in participation with community efforts".
Establ. of a Union for fishermen's cooperatives planned.
Intention to disseminate successful self-help initiatives of poor communities in devt. and protection of natural resources signalled.

Bangladesh

CAS/ Feb 2001

Links

1

Natural resources degradation neg. affects livelihoods of nearly half of the rural poor by reducing agric., fisheries and forestry yields.

Responses

1

Fisheries project incl. in Status of Bank Group Operations Matrix and CAS Performance Matrix.

Bhutan

CAS/ Feb 2000

No mention of fisheries sector whatsoever

Cambodia

CAS/ Feb 2000

Issues

2

Vast maj. of econ. active men are farmers/ fishermen. Young women in border reg. migr. to work in Thail. (incl. fish-processing ind.).
Rubber and fish are principal agricultural export commodities.
Poor mainten. of phys. infrastr. limits access to econ. opport., e.g. in agric. and fisheries, esp. for the poorest households.
National environ. action plan identifies need for sustain. mngmt. of environ. resources, incl. fisheries.

Links

2

Common property resources (CPR) (incl. lakes, rivers) have trad. contrib. substant. to livelihoods and food security of poor rural households, acc. for up to 20% of household incomes. Yet incr. restricted access to CPR contributes to rural poverty.

China

CAS/ Jan 2003

Issues

1

Country Program Matrix mentions increased trend in introd. of higher value aquatic products as progress benchmark.

India

CAS/ Jun 2001
CASPR/ Jan 2003

Issues

1

Cost of environ. deterioration is about 6-8% of GDP, incl. fisheries.

Indonesia

CAS/ Jan 2001
CASPR/ Jul 2002

Issues

1

High cost of environ. degr.- imp. of achiev. sustain. mngmt. of "most precious resouces" (incl. fisheries and marine ecosystem) stressed.

Responses

2

WB intervention to counter degradation in marine resources outlined in CAS Program Matrix.

Jordan

NO CAS avail.

Korea DPR

NO CAS avail.

Lao PDR

CAS/ Mar 1999

Issues

1

Importance of research for raising agric. and fisheries prod. Stressed.

Lebanon

NO CAS avail.

Malaysia

NO CAS avail.

Mongolia

NO CAS avail.

Myanmar

NO CAS avail.

Nepal

CAS/ Nov. 1998

No mention of fisheries sector whatsoever.

Oman

NO CAS avail.

Pakistan

CAS/ Jun 2002

Issues

2

Sep. para. discussing devt. potential of Arabian sea vis-à-vis fisheries and linked industries.

Philippines

CAS/ Apr 2002

Issues

2

Sep. para. outl. Gov. policy wrt. Agric. and fisheries modernization
Tackling adverse impacts of environ. degrad. on prod. assets (such as fishing grounds) identif. as major challenge, yet public deficit and debt have limited sope for gov. interventions in the past.
ODA partn. proj. focus on, inter alia, comm.-based mgmt. of coastal resources. Donor matrix details supp. to modernis. of agric./ fisheries

Links

1

Maj. of poor reside in rural area- depend. on farming and fishing, but slow growth in incomes and livelihoods subj. to diverse threats.

Responses

1

Current and planned technical assistance designed to strengthen, inter alia, Local Gov. Units and techn. agencies to protect and manage watersheds, prot. areas and fishing grounds.

Qatar

NO CAS avail.

Sri Lanka

CASPR/ Dec 1998
CAS/ Apr 2003

No mention of fisheries sector whatsoever

Syrian Arab Rep

NO CAS avail.

Thailand

CAS/ Jan 2003

Issues

1

Over-harvesting reduced marine fishing yields by 90%. Urgent need to elimin. rel. harmful subsid. Need to find comm.-based solutions.
Groups vulnerable to HIV/AIDS include fishermen.

Viet Nam

CAS/ Sep 2002

Issues

1

Denmark supp. restruct. of state-owned enterprise in fisheries sector

Responses

1

Program matrix mentions some fisheries-related meas.

Yemen

CAS/ Aug 2002

Issues

2

Rapid growth of fishery exp. (19% p.a. 1994-9), 2^nd larg. exp. comm., most promising sector wrt. econ. growth, alongside agric.
US aid to coast guard could help enforcing fishing regulations.
Most valuable species over-fished. Risk of depletion of fisheries resources calls for mngmt to stabilize stocks.
Coastal mariculture and aquaculture offer higher incomes and lower risks than capture fisheries, but subst. (private) investment needed.

Links

1

Coastal fisheries rich source of income and employ. for poor families, but risk of depletion. Rising costs of capture fisheries and falling catches lead to further impov. of small-scale fishermen.

Responses

2

Strategy to limit deplet. of fish-stocks outlined in CAS Progr. Matrix.

Country

Document/Date

Criteria

Value

Remarks

Bangladesh

2002-6

Issues

1

Flood contr. measures. block migr. paths of fish, extensive shrimp cultivation destroys arable land.
Donor Support Matrix (DSM) notes current intervention areas (incl. agric./fisheries) by donor/ EU MS. Ongoing/ planned donor support (incl. in fishery devt (ADB, WFP, FAO)) takes project approach.

Responses

1

Agric./ fisheries qualif. as "minor interv. area" in DSM

Bhutan

2002-6

No mention of fisheries sector whatsoever.

Cambodia

2000-3

Issues

1

Fisheries contr. to GDP noted (3.2%).
Depletion of fish-stocks and coastal zone deterioration cited as indic. of environ. Degradation.
Agric./forest./fisheries among most imp. destin. of ext. aid 1992-8

Links

2

Potent. contrib. of fisheries (and livestock) in improving people's livelihoods discussed.

Responses

3

Launching of study on fisheries sector devt. detailed and costed as one of four actions within Priority Sector 1: Support to Rural Devt. Study to assess poss. of future EC supported proj., with poss. future studies to guide project design

China

2002-6

No mention of fisheries sector whatsoever

India

2002-6

No mention of fisheries sector whatsoever

Indonesia

2002-6

Issues

2

Fishery/ marine environ. among the areas most affected by environ. degradation, due to poor legisl. and/or law enforcement. Neg. long-term effects of shrimp farming on mangroves and other fish noted.
Past Eur. Commission aid concentr. on diversifying agr. base, incl. fisheries (1980/90s)

Jordan

2002-6

No mention of fisheries sector whatsoever

Korea DPR

2001-4

Issue

1

Even leading imports (incl. fish) to EU from K. at very modest level

Lao PDR

2002-6

Issue

1

Section on gov. policy notes intent. to implement programmes in agric. sector, incl. fishery, to incr. food security and for poss. export.

Lebanon

2002-6

No mention of fisheries sector whatsoever.

Malaysia

2002-6

Issue

1

Open issues on the EU-Malaysia trade agenda incl. (on M. side) better market access for fisheries products.

Mongolia

2002-6

No mention of fisheries sector whatsoever.

Myanmar

NO CSP

Nepal

NO CSP

Oman

NO CSP

Pakistan

2002-6

No mention of fisheries sector whatsoever.

Philippines

2002-6

Issue

1

EC and MS assistance has focused on rural devt., incl. coastal and fisheries resources management.

Responses

1

Consol. and Expans. of the Philipp. EC Rural Devt. Progr. (CEPERD) incl. proj. supp. WESAMAR Fed. of Coops. (WFC), incl. member coops. involved in sea-weed, fish-cage prod.

Qatar

NO CSP

Sri Lanka

2002-6

Issues

1

Donor Matrix incl. donor support to Fisheries/Health/Nutrition. ADB supports reconstruction effort (incl. fisheries) in North and East.
Environmental challenges include coastal degradation.

Links

2

Very large no. of small scale farmers in dry zone are poor- inland fishery and fish farming can supplement their incomes. Potential of such progr. to meet real nutritional needs in rural areas noted.

Responses

3

Section details planned EU interventions in support of ADB funded Aquatic Resource Devt and Quality Improvement Project.
Provision of basic resettlement packages for displaced families, incl. agric. and fishing kits, during 2002 by EC ECHO.

Syrian Arab Rep

2002-6

No mention of fisheries sector whatsoever.

Thailand

2002-6

Issue

2

Para. discusses state, trends, challenges of Thai fishery sector. Unsustain. mngmt of nat. resources caus. env. problems (mangrove deforestation for shrimp farming, aggressive fishing practices).
Th. seeks re-granting of Gen. System of Prefs. (GSP) privil., esp. prepared food and fisheries prod. Para. discusses fisheries/ environ. related issues in EU- Thai trade negotiation

Viet Nam

2002-6

Issue

1

Rapid environ. degradation in recent yrs., incl. overfishing, destr. of coral reefs and mangroves, reduce yields.

Responses

1

Several EU MS (incl. Denm. Sweden, Netherl.) support coastal zone mngmt/ fisheries sector.
Intent signalled to explore poss. support to enhance environ. sustain. in prod. sectors relevant to Viet Nam-EU trade relations, e.g. fisheries

Yemen

2002-6

Issues

1

Yemeni exports fish-products to EU- one of 48 LDCs which benefit from duty and quota-free access to EU markets, incl. fish prod.
EC support to fisheries sector aimed at enhancing food security.

Responses

2

EC aid, incl. support for Fisheries Devt. aimed at realising potent. benefits of Everything-But-Arms-Initiative.
Three fisheries related EU projects (5^th Fisheries Devt. Proj./ Strength. of Yemen Fishery Prod. Quality Contr. Syst./ Fisheries Monitoring and Surveillance) included and costed in project matrix.