Appendix 2.1. Teak growth in Costa Rica, according to age and location
|
Site |
Trees /ha |
Age (years) |
Spacing (m x m) |
Dbh (cm) |
Height (m) |
Observations |
||
|
Average |
MAI |
Total |
Commercial |
|||||
|
Barra Honda |
1 000 |
3 |
3x3 |
10.6 |
3.55 |
10.0 |
|
Deep flat soil. Plantation without management (Pwm). |
|
Bernabela, Sta. Cruz |
700 |
3.0 |
3.5x3.5 |
4.2 |
1.39 |
3.0 |
|
Heavy soil, comp., poor drainage, Pwm. |
|
La Arena, Hojancha |
1 000 |
3.0 |
3.0x3.0 |
8.1 |
2.69 |
8.5 |
|
Fertile soil, 25% Good mgt. |
|
Nambí, Nicoya |
800 |
4.5 |
3.0x3.0 |
13.5 |
3.0 |
|
12.0 |
Fertile flat soil Poor mgt. |
|
Puerto Carrillo, Hojancha |
750 |
7.0 |
3.0x3.0 |
16.2 |
2.45 |
19.6 |
|
Fertile site, 5% |
|
Guarial, Paquera |
1 840 |
6.0 |
2.5x2.0 |
10.8 |
1.8 |
12.0 |
|
Fertile flat soil, Pwm. (2000/ha) |
| |
Up to 700 |
13.0 |
2.17 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corozal, Jicaral |
400 |
7.0 |
3.0x3.0 |
21.2 |
3.0 |
18.3 |
13.1 |
Smooth slope Two thinnings |
|
Palo Arco, |
640 |
6.0 |
3.0x3.0 |
18.3 |
3.05 |
14.8 |
|
|
|
San Gerardo |
600 |
7.5 |
3.0x3.0 |
20.1 |
2.7 |
|
14.0 |
|
| |
Up to 400 |
|
|
24.1 |
3.2 |
|
|
|
|
Cabo Blanco Jicaral |
550 |
8.0 |
3.0x3.0 |
17.3 |
2.2 |
15.7 |
9.1 |
Good hill 10% Poor clearing at 8 years 61% live, 22% mort. and 17% thinning |
| |
Up to 400 |
|
|
18.2 |
2.3 |
|
|
|
|
Monterrey, San Carlos |
244 |
8.0 |
3.0x3.0 |
19.6 |
2.45 |
18.1 |
|
|
|
La Esperanza/C. Blanco, Lepanto |
500 |
8.0 |
3.0x3.0 |
23.9 |
2.99 |
17.7 |
9.1 |
Excellent site 10% Clearing 1997, 56% live, mort. 30% & 14% thinning |
|
San Juan, Sta, Cruz |
800 |
8.0 |
3.0x3.0 |
18.6 |
2.32 |
|
11.0 |
Flat soil, Fertile Regular mgt, one thinning. |
|
Pedernal, Nicoya |
1 600 |
8.0 |
2.5x2.5 |
13.2 |
1.65 |
12.7 |
|
Regul. Soil qualit. Pltn. Without mgt |
| |
350 |
17.0 |
|
18.8 |
1.78 |
17.7 |
11.2 |
Thinning in yr 15 |
|
San Juan, Queb. Honda, Nicoya |
740 |
8.0 |
3.0x3.0 |
19.9 |
2.5 |
13.0 |
|
Stony soil, 10 % Thinning in yr 7 |
| |
Up to 400 |
|
|
20.0 |
2.5 |
|
|
|
| |
400 |
17 |
|
24.9 |
1.47 |
20.8 |
11.75 |
Thinning in yr 16 |
| |
Up to 200 |
|
|
26.8 |
1.58 |
|
|
|
|
Morote, Nicoya |
2 000 |
9.0 |
3.0x3.0 |
16.1 |
1.79 |
16.5 |
|
Flat soil, fertile No mgt. |
| |
Up to 400 |
|
|
20.5 |
2.28 |
|
|
|
| |
500 |
18 |
|
19.0 |
1.06 |
18.5 |
10.2 |
|
| |
Up to 200 |
|
|
22.2 |
1.23 |
|
|
|
|
San Rafael, Hojancha |
1100 |
9 |
2.5x2.5 |
15.1 |
1.67 |
10.5 |
|
35% hill, Regul manag., one clear. |
|
Guarial, Paquera |
625 |
10.0 |
5.0x3.0 |
19.1 |
1.91 |
15.0 |
|
Flat soil, fertile |
| |
Up to 200 |
|
|
22.6 |
2.26 |
|
|
Manag. one clear. |
|
Los Angeles, Hojancha |
1975 |
10.0 |
2.0x2.0 |
14.4 |
1.44 |
12.0 |
|
Hilly soil, little depth., without management and slope above 15% |
| |
Up to 200 |
|
|
17.4 |
1.74 |
|
|
|
| |
550 |
19 |
|
21.0 |
1.11 |
17.7 |
17.7 |
|
| |
Up to 200 |
|
|
24.0 |
1.26 |
|
|
|
|
Nambí, Nicoya |
864 |
10.0 |
3.0x3.0 |
19.6 |
1.95 |
15.0 |
|
Flat soil, fertile |
| |
Up to 200 |
|
|
22.6 |
2.26 |
|
|
Reg. Mgt. (1480) |
|
Hojancha, Célimo |
400 |
11.0 |
3.0x3.0 |
24.0 |
2.18 |
21.7 |
13.3 |
40% slope Strong erosion, 3 thinnings |
|
La Balsa, Jicaral |
500 |
14.0 |
2.0x2.0 |
24.1 |
1.72 |
24.4 |
14.8 |
Flat, excellent condition, Thinning in 9 years and another opening 1997 |
| |
Up to 200 |
|
|
26.4 |
1.89 |
|
|
|
|
Vainilla de Canjel, Jicaral |
900 |
14.0 |
2.0x2.0 |
20.8 |
1.49 |
23.1 |
15.1 |
Exc.site, 5 % slope, thinning, heal. and at most, in 13 years. |
|
Matambú, Hojancha |
500 |
17.0 |
3.0x3.0 |
21.4 |
1.26 |
11.6 |
|
20% slope. Thinning at 16 years |
| |
Up to 200 |
|
|
22.8 |
1.34 |
|
|
|
|
Pilangosta, Hojancha |
370 |
12.0 |
2.5x2.5 |
23.7 |
1.97 |
23.1 |
16.4 |
20 % slope, Good soil 3 thinnings (1600 initial density) |
|
San Juan, Sta. Cruz |
1 100 |
13.0 |
3.0x3.0 |
24.1 |
1.85 |
12.0 |
|
Flat fertile soil Regular mgt., 800/ha |
|
S. Juan, Sta.Cruz |
277 |
37 |
6.0x6.0 |
41.7 |
1.13 |
20.3 |
14 |
Flat fertile soil Poor to absent mgt. |
|
Boca Tapada, Pital |
1 111 |
1.0 |
|
6.97 |
6.97 |
7.0 |
|
Alluvial soil/RSC |
|
El Cóbano, Los Chiles |
1 298 |
2.0 |
|
8.5 |
4.25 |
10.1 |
|
Irregular relief |
|
Santa Clara, San Carlos |
1 111 |
2.0 |
|
7.8 |
3.9 |
8.0 |
|
Alluvial soil |
|
Dominical, Osa |
1 100 |
2.8 |
|
2.0 |
0.71 |
2.7 |
|
Hills |
|
Boca Tapada, Pital, San Carlos |
700 |
5.0 |
|
22.5 |
4.56 |
20.0 |
10.3 |
Alluvial soil, flat |
|
Río Kooper, Pier, San Carlos |
550 |
13.0 |
|
29.8 |
2.29 |
24.8 |
15.6 |
Alluvial soil, flat |
Source: Field data from the author; Vallejos (1996); Espinoza (1997) and collaborations from José M. Valverde, Forest Engineer, MINAE/Hojancha
*: Sites with flat and fertile soils; generally correspond to flood plains or bases of mounts in areas with summers that last more than three months, effective depth above 60 cm and without obstructions for root penetration.
Appendix 2.2. MAI of dbh and average commercial and total height for teak plots in Costa Rica under situations of without management and with management
|
Variable |
Condition |
Age (years) |
||||
|
2 |
4 |
8 |
15 |
more than 15 |
||
|
MAI dbh |
Without mgt. |
1.68 |
3.08 |
2.38 |
1.82 |
1.20 |
|
With mgt. |
|
|
2.69 |
2.06 |
1.37 |
|
|
Total height |
Without mgt. |
6.05 |
12.0 |
15.5 |
19.5 |
20.0 |
|
With mgt. |
|
|
16.3 |
21.1 |
20.8 |
|
|
Comm. Height |
Without mgt. |
|
|
11.4 |
14.3 |
11.0 |
|
With mgt. |
|
|
11.5 |
15.6 |
11.5 |
|
Source: Picado (1997)
