EIFAC/XXII/2002/Inf.4 |
EUROPEAN INLAND FISHERIES ADVISORY COMMISSION |
TWENTY-SECOND SESSION |
Windermere, United Kingdom, 12-19 June 2002 |
ANALYSIS OF EUROPEAN CATCH AND AQUACULTURE STATISTICS, 1990-2000 |
The 18th session of EIFAC adopted four sub-divisions of the European continent. This review of the inland capture fisheries and aquaculture sectors, however, is based on two divisions, because the inland fisheries sectors in the Northern, Southern and Western Europe share many similarities, and were aggregated to contrast with Eastern Europe. The composition of countries constituting Eastern and Western Europe is provided below.
Eastern |
Western |
Albania |
Austria |
Belarus |
Belgium |
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
Cyprus |
Bulgaria |
Denmark |
Croatia |
Finland |
Czech Republic |
France |
Estonia |
Germany |
Hungary |
Greece |
Latvia |
Iceland |
Lithuania |
Ireland |
Macedonia, Fmr Yug Rp of |
Israel |
Moldova, Republic of |
Italy |
Poland |
Luxembourg |
Romania |
Netherlands |
Russian Federation |
Norway |
Slovakia |
Portugal |
Slovenia |
Spain |
Ukraine |
Sweden |
Yugoslavia Fed. Rep. of |
Switzerland |
Turkey | |
United Kingdom |
The above map provides a continental overview of total inland fisheries production in Europe in 2000 and the number of countries (given in parenthesis in the key of the map) in the various production bands. Total production in 2000 amounted to slightly above 987,000 tonnes, a significant decline (-27%) compared to production ten years before. Whereas production in Western Europe, after a steady growth which peaked in 1997, has stabilized (at around 430,000 tonnes), decreases in both capture and aquaculture production in Eastern Europe have contributed to the overall European decrease.
In 2000 six countries, the Russian Federation (365,900 tonnes), Turkey (86,000 tonnes), Germany (58,500 tonnes), France (56,200), Italy (53,300 tonnes), and Poland (52,000 tonnes) reported production of over 50,000 tonnes. The Russian Federation is by far the largest producer of aquatic organisms in Europe freshwaters. Spain (42,200 t), Finland (39,000 t) and Denmark (36,500 t) accounted for nearly half of the production of a group of 9 countries which produced more than 10,000 tonnes. Twelve countries produced 2,500 tonnes or less. These countries were: Bosnia-Herzegovina, Belgium, Ireland, Macedonia, Moldova, Slovenia, Portugal, Iceland, Albania, Latvia, Norway and Cyprus.
The decline in total production from inland waters in Eastern Europe since the economic realignment of the late 80s has halted and from 1996 onwards there has been an increasing trend. However, production in 2000, at 552,000 tonnes is still 40% below the level of production prevailing at the beginning of the 90s. This significant apparent decrease may not be entirely real but due to changes in statistical reporting methods, which underestimate the actual level of production.
Total production from inland waters (tonnes)- Eastern Europe
Country |
1990 |
Country |
2000 | |
Russian Federation |
609,999 |
Russian Federation |
365,880 | |
Ukraine |
117,132 |
Poland |
53,338 | |
Romania |
48,186 |
Ukraine |
35,219 | |
Poland |
45,000 |
Czech Republic |
24,129 | |
Hungary |
33,834 |
Hungary |
19,987 | |
Czechoslovakia |
26,630 |
Romania |
14,623 | |
Yugoslavia SFR |
24,447 |
Belarus |
7,269 | |
Belarus |
19,626 |
Bulgaria |
4,505 | |
Lithuania |
10,636 |
Lithuania |
3,907 | |
Bulgaria |
9,476 |
Croatia |
3,808 | |
Moldova, Republic of |
9,472 |
Yugoslavia, Fed. Rep. of |
3,508 | |
Estonia |
5,401 |
Estonia |
3,415 | |
Latvia |
2,368 |
Slovakia |
3,142 | |
Albania |
2,214 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
2,500 | |
Macedonia, Fmr Yug Rp of |
1,834 | |||
Moldova, Republic of |
1,319 | |||
Slovenia |
1,293 | |||
Albania |
1,060 | |||
Latvia |
937 | |||
Total |
964,421 |
Total |
551,673 |
Production in some major countries such as the Russian Federation, Hungary, Romania, is showing an increasing trend; despite the sharp decline in production when compared to 1990. Production in Poland has been more stable and continued to increase in recent years, reaching over 53,000 tonnes in 2000.
The output from inland capture fisheries in Eastern Europe has shown a steady declining trend in the first half of the last decade, which was checked in mid 1990's. Recent statistics indicate that after a low of 278,500 tonnes in 1997 production has started to increase again and in 1999 regained the level of the early 90's. In 2000 however it amounted to 345,000 tonnes (-3.6 %).
Country |
1990 |
Country |
2000 | |
Russian Federation |
356,114 |
Russian Federation |
292,368 | |
Ukraine |
35,493 |
Poland |
17,543 | |
Poland |
18,600 |
Hungary |
7,101 | |
Hungary |
16,234 |
Romania |
4,896 | |
Romania |
13,236 |
Czech Republic |
4,654 | |
Yugoslavia SFR |
12,404 |
Ukraine |
4,260 | |
Lithuania |
5,970 |
Estonia |
3,190 | |
Estonia |
4,552 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
2,500 | |
Czechoslovakia |
4,304 |
Slovakia |
2,255 | |
Belarus |
2,988 |
Country |
2,000 | |
Moldova, Republic of |
2,331 |
Lithuania |
1,911 | |
Albania |
1,696 |
Albania |
955 | |
Bulgaria |
1,627 |
Bulgaria |
861 | |
Latvia |
133 |
Yugoslavia, Fed. Rep. of |
672 | |
Latvia |
612 | |||
Belarus |
553 | |||
Croatia |
417 | |||
Slovenia |
229 | |||
Macedonia, Fmr Yug Rp of |
208 | |||
Moldova, Republic of |
151 | |||
Total |
475,682 |
Total |
345,336 |
A significant proportion of the decline in capture fisheries can be attributed to almost halving of production from the Russian Federation, from 355,000 tonnes in 1990 to 292,000 tonnes in 2000. Production from Ukraine similarly declined and in 2000 production was only 12% of the production in 1990. The reduction in fisheries output from the Danube Delta in Romania has also resulted in a steady decline in capture fisheries output, from 27,000 tonnes in 1988 to around 5000 tonnes in 2000. It is highly likely, however, that these reported data under-represent the catch by anglers. Much of this catch is used for own consumption and it is estimated that in recent years recreational fisheries contributes some 52,000 tonnes to domestic diets.
The overall trend in aquaculture production is similar to that of inland capture fisheries. Production declined steadily till 1997, but recent data suggest gradual stabilisation and a moderate recovery. Aquaculture production increased from 170,000 tonnes in 1997 to 206,000 tonnes in 2000.
Country |
1990 |
Country |
2000 | |
Russian Federation |
253,885 |
Russian Federation |
73,512 | |
Ukraine |
81,639 |
Poland |
35,795 | |
Romania |
34,950 |
Ukraine |
30,959 | |
Poland |
26,400 |
Czech Republic |
19,475 | |
Czechoslovakia |
22,326 |
Hungary |
12,886 | |
Hungary |
17,600 |
Romania |
9,727 | |
Belarus |
16,638 |
Belarus |
6,716 | |
Yugoslavia SFR |
12,043 |
Bulgaria |
3,644 | |
Bulgaria |
7,849 |
Croatia |
3,391 | |
Moldova, Republic of |
7,141 |
Yugoslavia, Fed. Rep. of |
2,836 | |
Lithuania |
4,666 |
Lithuania |
1,996 | |
Latvia |
2,235 |
Macedonia, Fmr Yug Rp of |
1,626 | |
Estonia |
849 |
Moldova, Republic of |
1,168 | |
Albania |
518 |
Slovenia |
1,064 | |
Slovakia |
887 | |||
Latvia |
325 | |||
Estonia |
225 | |||
Albania |
105 | |||
Total |
488,739 |
Total |
206,337 |
In keeping with capture fisheries production in all major-producing countries -except Poland- output from aquaculture declined noticeably since 1990. In Poland aquaculture production increased form 26,000 tonnes in 1990 to 36,000 in 2000.
A detailed breakdown by country total, capture and culture fisheries for the period is set out in the following sheets.
Total production from inland waters (tonnes) - Eastern Europe
1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 | |
Albania |
2,214 |
999 |
1,032 |
965 |
802 |
292 |
430 |
187 |
839 |
919 |
1,060 |
Belarus |
19,626 |
15,543 |
9,922 |
10,011 |
7,720 |
6,178 |
6,859 |
4,821 |
5,184 |
5,803 |
7,269 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
... |
... |
2,000 |
2,500 |
2,500 |
2,500 |
2,500 |
2,500 |
2,500 |
2,500 |
2,500 |
Bulgaria |
9,476 |
9,254 |
9,743 |
9,572 |
7,095 |
5,112 |
5,812 |
7,251 |
6,496 |
10,155 |
4,505 |
Croatia |
... |
... |
6,336 |
4,442 |
4,753 |
3,796 |
2,813 |
3,133 |
3,605 |
3,717 |
3,808 |
Czech Republic |
... |
... |
... |
23,427 |
22,610 |
22,608 |
21,724 |
20,881 |
21,183 |
22,965 |
24,129 |
Czechoslovakia |
26,630 |
26,346 |
28,485 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Estonia |
5,401 |
2,937 |
4,042 |
2,575 |
2,170 |
2,531 |
2,633 |
2,699 |
4,138 |
3,308 |
3,415 |
Hungary |
33,834 |
22,879 |
22,908 |
17,378 |
18,206 |
16,674 |
15,686 |
16,740 |
17,487 |
19,461 |
19,987 |
Latvia |
2,368 |
3,229 |
1,192 |
892 |
1,055 |
1,039 |
916 |
889 |
926 |
1,078 |
937 |
Lithuania |
10,636 |
7,254 |
5,421 |
4,053 |
3,061 |
2,974 |
2,832 |
3,229 |
3,253 |
3,365 |
3,907 |
Macedonia, Fmr Yug Rp of |
... |
... |
1,209 |
1,235 |
1,230 |
1,505 |
989 |
1,009 |
1,388 |
1,804 |
1,834 |
Moldova, Republic of |
9,472 |
5,171 |
3,345 |
2,905 |
1,920 |
2,110 |
1,670 |
1,771 |
1,620 |
1,136 |
1,319 |
Poland |
45,000 |
48,000 |
51,150 |
50,000 |
52,000 |
50,000 |
49,737 |
42,512 |
43,027 |
47,586 |
53,338 |
Romania |
48,186 |
40,518 |
34,510 |
29,662 |
30,998 |
28,878 |
20,045 |
15,742 |
14,244 |
14,334 |
14,623 |
Russian Federation |
609,999 |
400,201 |
378,108 |
307,221 |
291,437 |
273,304 |
284,765 |
278,201 |
333,426 |
375,823 |
365,880 |
Slovakia |
- |
- |
- |
2,773 |
3,550 |
3,636 |
2,410 |
2,688 |
2,062 |
2,263 |
3,142 |
Slovenia |
... |
... |
1,005 |
950 |
1,001 |
1,019 |
1,009 |
1,070 |
1,006 |
1,330 |
1,293 |
Ukraine |
117,132 |
84,500 |
91,468 |
79,044 |
57,802 |
41,815 |
41,777 |
36,028 |
33,217 |
38,344 |
35,219 |
Yugoslavia SFR |
24,447 |
12,200 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Yugoslavia, Fed. Rep. of |
... |
... |
7,410 |
6,169 |
6,492 |
6,166 |
6,543 |
6,986 |
8,752 |
4,255 |
3,508 |
Total |
964,421 |
679,031 |
659,286 |
555,774 |
516,402 |
472,137 |
471,150 |
448,337 |
504,353 |
560,146 |
551,673 |
Capture fishery production from inland waters (tonnes)- Eastern Europe
1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 | |
Albania |
1,696 |
802 |
916 |
850 |
700 |
252 |
357 |
180 |
823 |
814 |
955 |
Belarus |
2,988 |
793 |
1,507 |
2,993 |
786 |
715 |
821 |
499 |
457 |
514 |
553 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
... |
... |
2,000 |
2,500 |
2,500 |
2,500 |
2,500 |
2,500 |
2,500 |
2,500 |
2,500 |
Bulgaria |
1,627 |
1,456 |
1,611 |
1,675 |
995 |
762 |
1,127 |
1,881 |
2,336 |
2,475 |
861 |
Croatia |
... |
... |
198 |
284 |
340 |
364 |
434 |
408 |
400 |
410 |
417 |
Czech Republic |
... |
... |
... |
3,185 |
3,955 |
3,929 |
3,524 |
3,321 |
3,952 |
4,190 |
4,654 |
Czechoslovakia |
4,304 |
4,300 |
4,350 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Estonia |
4,552 |
1,870 |
3,509 |
2,411 |
1,909 |
2,366 |
2,361 |
2,439 |
3,878 |
3,108 |
3,190 |
Hungary |
16,234 |
8,445 |
8,678 |
7,886 |
8,307 |
7,314 |
7,606 |
7,406 |
7,265 |
7,514 |
7,101 |
Latvia |
133 |
544 |
551 |
553 |
495 |
514 |
536 |
544 |
501 |
610 |
612 |
Lithuania |
5,970 |
2,462 |
1,522 |
1,146 |
1,187 |
1,260 |
1,295 |
1,713 |
1,737 |
1,715 |
1,911 |
Macedonia, Fmr Yug Rp of |
... |
... |
195 |
164 |
196 |
208 |
78 |
130 |
131 |
135 |
208 |
Moldova, Republic of |
2,331 |
47 |
410 |
630 |
708 |
709 |
603 |
569 |
491 |
129 |
151 |
Poland |
18,600 |
18,500 |
20,950 |
31,391 |
27,500 |
24,889 |
22,037 |
13,832 |
13,236 |
13,875 |
17,543 |
Romania |
13,236 |
10,988 |
9,890 |
8,562 |
10,598 |
9,048 |
6,145 |
4,574 |
4,630 |
5,336 |
4,896 |
Russian Federation |
356,114 |
289,331 |
275,125 |
216,866 |
217,950 |
212,874 |
233,272 |
227,091 |
271,311 |
307,823 |
292,368 |
Slovakia |
... |
... |
... |
1,185 |
1,689 |
2,019 |
1,456 |
1,434 |
1,414 |
1,391 |
2,255 |
Slovenia |
... |
... |
293 |
297 |
317 |
292 |
265 |
280 |
251 |
226 |
229 |
Ukraine |
35,493 |
31,252 |
24,801 |
13,189 |
14,786 |
6,847 |
9,468 |
6,215 |
4,885 |
4,538 |
4,260 |
Yugoslavia SFR |
12,404 |
6,000 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Yugoslavia, Fed. Rep. of |
... |
... |
5,111 |
3,797 |
3,912 |
3,803 |
3,653 |
3,500 |
2,200 |
828 |
672 |
Total |
475,682 |
376,790 |
361,617 |
299,564 |
298,830 |
280,665 |
297,538 |
278,516 |
322,398 |
358,131 |
345,336 |
Aquaculture production from inland waters (tonnes)- Eastern Europe
1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 | |
Albania |
518 |
197 |
116 |
115 |
102 |
40 |
73 |
7 |
16 |
105 |
105 |
Belarus |
16,638 |
14,750 |
8,415 |
7,018 |
6,934 |
5,463 |
6,038 |
4,322 |
4,727 |
5,289 |
6,716 |
Bulgaria |
7,849 |
7,798 |
8,132 |
7,897 |
6,100 |
4,350 |
4,685 |
5,370 |
4,160 |
7,680 |
3,644 |
Croatia |
... |
... |
6,138 |
4,158 |
4,413 |
3,432 |
2,379 |
2,725 |
3,205 |
3,307 |
3,391 |
Czech Republic |
... |
... |
... |
20,242 |
18,655 |
18,679 |
18,200 |
17,560 |
17,231 |
18,775 |
19,475 |
Czechoslovakia |
22,326 |
22,046 |
24,135 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Estonia |
849 |
1,067 |
533 |
164 |
261 |
165 |
272 |
260 |
260 |
200 |
225 |
Hungary |
17,600 |
14,434 |
14,230 |
9,492 |
9,899 |
9,360 |
8,080 |
9,334 |
10,222 |
11,947 |
12,886 |
Latvia |
2,235 |
2,685 |
641 |
339 |
560 |
525 |
380 |
345 |
425 |
468 |
325 |
Lithuania |
4,666 |
4,792 |
3,899 |
2,907 |
1,874 |
1,714 |
1,537 |
1,516 |
1,516 |
1,650 |
1,996 |
Macedonia, Fmr Yug Rp of |
... |
... |
1,014 |
1,071 |
1,034 |
1,297 |
911 |
879 |
1,257 |
1,669 |
1,626 |
Moldova, Republic of |
7,141 |
5,124 |
2,935 |
2,275 |
1,212 |
1,401 |
1,067 |
1,202 |
1,129 |
1,007 |
1,168 |
Poland |
26,400 |
29,500 |
30,200 |
18,609 |
24,500 |
25,111 |
27,700 |
28,680 |
29,791 |
33,711 |
35,795 |
Romania |
34,950 |
29,530 |
24,620 |
21,100 |
20,400 |
19,830 |
13,900 |
11,168 |
9,614 |
8,998 |
9,727 |
Russian Federation |
253,885 |
110,870 |
102,983 |
90,355 |
73,487 |
60,430 |
51,493 |
51,110 |
62,115 |
68,000 |
73,512 |
Slovakia |
- |
- |
- |
1,588 |
1,861 |
1,617 |
954 |
1,254 |
648 |
872 |
887 |
Slovenia |
... |
... |
712 |
653 |
684 |
727 |
744 |
790 |
755 |
1,104 |
1,064 |
Ukraine |
81,639 |
53,248 |
66,667 |
65,855 |
43,016 |
34,968 |
32,309 |
29,813 |
28,332 |
33,806 |
30,959 |
Yugoslavia SFR |
12,043 |
6,200 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Yugoslavia, Fed. Rep. of |
... |
... |
2,299 |
2,372 |
2,580 |
2,363 |
2,890 |
3,486 |
6,552 |
3,427 |
2,836 |
Total |
488,739 |
302,241 |
297,669 |
256,210 |
217,572 |
191,472 |
173,612 |
169,821 |
181,955 |
202,015 |
206,337 |
In contrast to Eastern Europe total inland fisheries production in Western Europe has been more stable for most of the period under review. After a moderate but constant growth, which peaked at 462,000 tonnes in 1997, it has been slightly declining. Production in 2000 was 5.7% below that maximum, yet 12.4% above production ten years before.
Total production from inland waters (tonnes)- Western Europe
Country |
1990 |
Country |
2000 | |
Finland |
54,679 |
Turkey |
86,209 | |
Germany |
54,271 |
Germany |
58,518 | |
Italy |
54,150 |
France |
56,209 | |
France |
50,155 |
Italy |
53,315 | |
Turkey |
41,552 |
Spain |
42,255 | |
Denmark |
35,842 |
Finland |
39,003 | |
Spain |
31,823 |
Denmark |
36,528 | |
Israel |
16,667 |
Israel |
19,036 | |
United Kingdom |
16,584 |
United Kingdom |
11,874 | |
Greece |
5,937 |
Netherlands |
8,619 | |
Sweden |
5,923 |
Greece |
6,279 | |
Switzerland |
4,228 |
Sweden |
4,271 | |
Netherlands |
3,836 |
Austria |
3,706 | |
Austria |
3,659 |
Switzerland |
2,759 | |
Ireland |
3,641 |
Belgium |
2,152 | |
Portugal |
2,387 |
Ireland |
2,078 | |
Belgium |
1,186 |
Portugal |
1,293 | |
Iceland |
789 |
Iceland |
1,137 | |
Norway |
483 |
Norway |
578 | |
Cyprus |
73 |
Cyprus |
156 | |
Total |
387,865 |
Total |
435,975 |
During the decade under review, Finland and Italy lost there ranked position as first and third largest producers. Whereas Italian production has been fairly stable, and Italy was the fourth largest producer in 2000, Finland production has continued to decrease to a low of 39,000 tonnes in 2000. Increases in production since the early 90s in Turkey, Germany, and France to 86,200 tonnes, 58,500 tonnes and 56,200 tonnes respectively, resulted in these countries being ranked the top three in 2000. While production in Turkey doubled, the other two top countries are currently producing less than a few years ago (France 2000 production was 20% below the record 69,700 tonnes in 1997, while Germany production peaked at 62,000 tonnes in 1995). Spain, with 42,200 tonnes reported an increase of nearly 33% compared to the level of production in 1990.
Inland capture fisheries output however, which had been fairly stable at about 143,000-148,000 tonnes until 1995, has been declining since that year and reached a low of 133,000 tonnes in 2000.
Capture fishery production from inland waters (tonnes)- Western Europe
Country |
1990 |
Country |
2000 | |
Finland |
49,310 |
Turkey |
42,824 | |
Turkey |
37,204 |
Finland |
36,813 | |
Italy |
12,850 |
Germany |
22,868 | |
Spain |
10,922 |
Spain |
8,710 | |
Germany |
10,731 |
Italy |
4,565 | |
Greece |
3,650 |
Greece |
3,433 | |
France |
3,500 |
Netherlands |
2,280 | |
Switzerland |
3,158 |
France |
2,131 | |
Ireland |
2,936 |
Israel |
1,852 | |
United Kingdom |
2,666 |
United Kingdom |
1,676 | |
Netherlands |
2,586 |
Switzerland |
1,659 | |
Israel |
2,113 |
Sweden |
1,459 | |
Sweden |
2,068 |
Ireland |
961 | |
Iceland |
676 |
Austria |
859 | |
Austria |
533 |
Norway |
578 | |
Belgium |
511 |
Belgium |
511 | |
Norway |
483 |
Denmark |
183 | |
Denmark |
396 |
Iceland |
176 | |
Cyprus |
- |
Cyprus |
78 | |
Total |
146,293 |
Total |
133,616 |
This overall trend has been strongly influenced by the decline in production in Finland and Italy. The steady recent decline in catches in some countries such as France, Switzerland, UK, Ireland and Sweden continued into 2000 as did the significant reported increases in production in Germany, stable at 22,000 since 1995. As already indicated above for some Eastern European countries, also the increase in Germany was attributable to changes in statistical reporting, with the inclusion of recreational fisheries into the production total since 1995. In other countries in Western Europe the non-inclusion of recreational fisheries underestimates the contribution of inland capture fisheries production. It is estimated that recreational fishermen contribute on average 113,000 tonnes of fish annually for domestic own consumption.
Aquaculture production from inland waters has been increasing steadily until 1997 when it peaked to nearly 304,000 tonnes; since then it has been fairly stable at around 300,000 tonnes, which compare with 241,500 tonnes in 1990.
Aquaculture production from inland waters (tonnes)- Western Europe
Country |
1990 |
Country |
2000 | |
France |
46,655 |
France |
54,078 | |
Germany |
43,540 |
Italy |
48,750 | |
Italy |
41,300 |
Turkey |
43,385 | |
Denmark |
35,446 |
Denmark |
36,345 | |
Spain |
20,901 |
Germany |
35,650 | |
Israel |
14,554 |
Spain |
33,545 | |
United Kingdom |
13,918 |
Israel |
17,184 | |
Finland |
5,369 |
United Kingdom |
10,198 | |
Turkey |
4,348 |
Netherlands |
6,339 | |
Sweden |
3,855 |
Austria |
2,847 | |
Austria |
3,126 |
Greece |
2,846 | |
Portugal |
2,387 |
Sweden |
2,812 | |
Greece |
2,287 |
Finland |
2,190 | |
Netherlands |
1,250 |
Belgium |
1,641 | |
Switzerland |
1,070 |
Portugal |
1,293 | |
Ireland |
705 |
Ireland |
1,117 | |
Belgium |
675 |
Switzerland |
1,100 | |
Iceland |
113 |
Iceland |
961 | |
Cyprus |
73 |
Cyprus |
78 | |
Total |
241,572 |
Total |
302,359 |
Major increases in Western Europe continued to come from Turkey, and also Spain, France, Israel, Italy, and Netherlands; such increases were partly off-set by decreases in production of Germany, the U.K., Finland, and to a lesser extent Sweden and Portugal. Other countries showed slight increases in absolute terms.
Total production from inland waters (tonnes)- Western Europe
1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 | |
Austria |
3,659 |
3,640 |
3,624 |
3,565 |
3,494 |
3,325 |
3,402 |
3,486 |
3,363 |
3,502 |
3,706 |
Belgium |
1,186 |
1,357 |
1,357 |
1,357 |
1,357 |
1,357 |
1,457 |
1,357 |
1,357 |
2,133 |
2,152 |
Cyprus |
73 |
67 |
94 |
92 |
86 |
163 |
169 |
175 |
170 |
136 |
156 |
Denmark |
35,842 |
36,521 |
37,119 |
32,224 |
36,342 |
37,646 |
34,318 |
34,077 |
35,628 |
35,823 |
36,528 |
Finland |
54,679 |
53,181 |
54,643 |
55,361 |
51,262 |
51,899 |
50,659 |
51,079 |
39,679 |
39,544 |
39,003 |
France |
50,155 |
51,510 |
56,460 |
61,175 |
63,435 |
64,030 |
67,875 |
69,617 |
62,536 |
54,675 |
56,209 |
Germany |
54,271 |
47,341 |
48,205 |
48,937 |
48,208 |
61,987 |
59,987 |
59,916 |
58,616 |
58,368 |
58,518 |
Greece |
5,937 |
4,392 |
5,116 |
5,444 |
6,327 |
5,910 |
6,139 |
6,017 |
5,916 |
6,462 |
6,279 |
Iceland |
789 |
1,063 |
1,285 |
1,473 |
1,272 |
1,599 |
1,463 |
1,549 |
1,521 |
1,331 |
1,137 |
Ireland |
3,641 |
3,783 |
3,956 |
3,835 |
4,458 |
4,764 |
4,966 |
4,905 |
5,201 |
2,044 |
2,078 |
Israel |
16,667 |
17,252 |
14,371 |
15,262 |
16,062 |
16,464 |
18,699 |
18,147 |
18,818 |
18,514 |
19,036 |
Italy |
54,150 |
55,287 |
56,025 |
58,910 |
62,796 |
65,215 |
59,764 |
63,190 |
57,267 |
54,286 |
53,315 |
Netherlands |
3,836 |
4,793 |
3,557 |
3,951 |
4,843 |
6,861 |
6,407 |
6,000 |
5,729 |
7,074 |
8,619 |
Norway |
483 |
541 |
580 |
435 |
432 |
413 |
338 |
439 |
507 |
514 |
578 |
Portugal |
2,387 |
2,360 |
1,312 |
1,438 |
2,188 |
985 |
1,354 |
1,255 |
1,271 |
1,259 |
1,293 |
Spain |
31,823 |
31,321 |
27,687 |
29,304 |
26,733 |
31,093 |
33,930 |
38,005 |
39,109 |
39,117 |
42,255 |
Sweden |
5,923 |
5,517 |
5,556 |
5,203 |
5,206 |
5,044 |
5,005 |
5,129 |
4,582 |
4,625 |
4,271 |
Switzerland |
4,228 |
4,829 |
3,945 |
2,957 |
2,716 |
2,749 |
3,002 |
3,009 |
2,959 |
2,975 |
2,759 |
Turkey |
41,552 |
43,916 |
47,055 |
52,193 |
52,332 |
61,089 |
67,560 |
77,760 |
87,790 |
87,960 |
86,209 |
United Kingdom |
16,584 |
16,473 |
17,287 |
16,041 |
18,560 |
18,763 |
18,741 |
17,433 |
17,899 |
17,788 |
11,874 |
Total |
387,865 |
385,144 |
389,234 |
399,157 |
408,109 |
441,356 |
445,235 |
462,545 |
449,918 |
438,130 |
435,975 |
Capture fishery production from inland waters (tonnes)- Western Europe
1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 | |
Austria |
533 |
500 |
479 |
420 |
388 |
404 |
450 |
465 |
451 |
432 |
859 |
Belgium |
511 |
511 |
511 |
511 |
511 |
511 |
511 |
511 |
511 |
536 |
511 |
Cyprus |
... |
... |
... |
... |
5 |
65 |
64 |
70 |
70 |
70 |
78 |
Denmark |
396 |
381 |
653 |
337 |
243 |
264 |
196 |
232 |
349 |
206 |
183 |
Finland |
49,310 |
49,108 |
51,407 |
51,522 |
47,895 |
48,436 |
47,618 |
47,618 |
36,813 |
36,813 |
36,813 |
France |
3,500 |
4,000 |
4,350 |
4,400 |
4,450 |
4,500 |
4,540 |
4,540 |
4,500 |
2,134 |
2,131 |
Germany |
10,731 |
9,041 |
8,770 |
10,837 |
10,908 |
22,987 |
22,987 |
22,916 |
22,916 |
22,868 |
22,868 |
Greece |
3,650 |
2,274 |
2,370 |
2,960 |
3,452 |
3,606 |
2,903 |
2,601 |
2,818 |
3,280 |
3,433 |
Iceland |
676 |
756 |
886 |
907 |
698 |
739 |
608 |
404 |
416 |
370 |
176 |
Ireland |
2,936 |
2,938 |
2,991 |
2,929 |
3,604 |
3,761 |
3,806 |
3,804 |
3,976 |
865 |
961 |
Israel |
2,113 |
2,221 |
2,214 |
1,813 |
1,478 |
1,214 |
1,845 |
1,476 |
2,164 |
2,145 |
1,852 |
Italy |
12,850 |
9,212 |
9,075 |
9,515 |
9,921 |
10,035 |
6,764 |
6,690 |
4,667 |
5,436 |
4,565 |
Netherlands |
2,586 |
3,493 |
2,287 |
1,601 |
2,446 |
4,107 |
2,157 |
2,293 |
1,547 |
2,303 |
2,280 |
Norway |
483 |
541 |
580 |
435 |
432 |
413 |
338 |
439 |
507 |
514 |
578 |
Portugal |
0 |
0 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Spain |
10,922 |
10,707 |
8,796 |
9,215 |
6,284 |
8,869 |
8,710 |
8,710 |
8,710 |
8,710 |
8,710 |
Sweden |
2,068 |
2,135 |
2,308 |
2,273 |
2,254 |
1,934 |
1,810 |
2,011 |
1,559 |
1,478 |
1,459 |
Switzerland |
3,158 |
3,599 |
2,715 |
1,822 |
1,481 |
1,588 |
1,841 |
1,859 |
1,809 |
1,840 |
1,659 |
Turkey |
37,204 |
39,368 |
40,495 |
44,801 |
45,067 |
47,976 |
49,600 |
50,460 |
54,500 |
50,190 |
42,824 |
United Kingdom |
2,666 |
2,057 |
2,035 |
1,909 |
2,191 |
2,146 |
1,930 |
1,483 |
1,838 |
1,704 |
1,676 |
Total |
146,293 |
142,842 |
142,925 |
148,210 |
143,712 |
163,557 |
158,678 |
158,582 |
150,121 |
141,894 |
133,616 |
Aquaculture production from inland waters (tonnes)- Western Europe
1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 | |
Austria |
3,126 |
3,140 |
3,145 |
3,145 |
3,106 |
2,921 |
2,952 |
3,021 |
2,912 |
3,070 |
2,847 |
Belgium |
675 |
846 |
846 |
846 |
846 |
846 |
946 |
846 |
846 |
1,597 |
1,641 |
Cyprus |
73 |
67 |
94 |
92 |
81 |
98 |
105 |
105 |
100 |
66 |
78 |
Denmark |
35,446 |
36,140 |
36,466 |
31,887 |
36,099 |
37,382 |
34,122 |
33,845 |
35,279 |
35,617 |
36,345 |
Finland |
5,369 |
4,073 |
3,236 |
3,839 |
3,367 |
3,463 |
3,041 |
3,461 |
2,866 |
2,731 |
2,190 |
France |
46,655 |
47,510 |
52,110 |
56,775 |
58,985 |
59,530 |
63,335 |
65,077 |
58,036 |
52,541 |
54,078 |
Germany |
43,540 |
38,300 |
39,435 |
38,100 |
37,300 |
39,000 |
37,000 |
37,000 |
35,700 |
35,500 |
35,650 |
Greece |
2,287 |
2,118 |
2,746 |
2,484 |
2,875 |
2,304 |
3,236 |
3,416 |
3,098 |
3,182 |
2,846 |
Iceland |
113 |
307 |
399 |
566 |
574 |
860 |
855 |
1,145 |
1,105 |
961 |
961 |
Ireland |
705 |
845 |
965 |
906 |
854 |
1,003 |
1,160 |
1,101 |
1,225 |
1,179 |
1,117 |
Israel |
14,554 |
15,031 |
12,157 |
13,449 |
14,584 |
15,250 |
16,854 |
16,671 |
16,654 |
16,369 |
17,184 |
Italy |
41,300 |
46,075 |
46,950 |
49,395 |
52,875 |
55,180 |
53,000 |
56,500 |
52,600 |
48,850 |
48,750 |
Netherlands |
1,250 |
1,300 |
1,270 |
2,350 |
2,397 |
2,754 |
4,250 |
3,707 |
4,182 |
4,771 |
6,339 |
Portugal |
2,387 |
2,360 |
1,309 |
1,435 |
2,184 |
983 |
1,354 |
1,255 |
1,271 |
1,259 |
1,293 |
Spain |
20,901 |
20,614 |
18,891 |
20,089 |
20,449 |
22,224 |
25,220 |
29,295 |
30,399 |
30,407 |
33,545 |
Sweden |
3,855 |
3,382 |
3,248 |
2,930 |
2,952 |
3,110 |
3,195 |
3,118 |
3,023 |
3,147 |
2,812 |
Switzerland |
1,070 |
1,230 |
1,230 |
1,135 |
1,235 |
1,161 |
1,161 |
1,150 |
1,150 |
1,135 |
1,100 |
Turkey |
4,348 |
4,548 |
6,560 |
7,392 |
7,265 |
13,113 |
17,960 |
27,300 |
33,290 |
37,770 |
43,385 |
United Kingdom |
13,918 |
14,416 |
15,252 |
14,132 |
16,369 |
16,617 |
16,811 |
15,950 |
16,061 |
16,084 |
10,198 |
Total |
241,572 |
242,302 |
246,309 |
250,947 |
264,397 |
277,799 |
286,557 |
303,963 |
299,797 |
296,236 |
302,359 |
Aquaculture in Eastern Europe continues to be heavily dependent on cyprinids, principally Cyprinus carpio.
Species composition of aquaculture in 2000 - Eastern Europe
Species |
Species |
Thousand tonnes |
Cyprinoidei |
Cyprinids |
174 |
Salmonoidei |
Salmonoids |
23 |
Acipenseriformes |
Sturgeons |
2 |
Miscellaneous |
Others |
7 |
Much of the farming in Eastern Europe is based on C. carpio and salmonids for stocking in support of capture and recreational fisheries in natural and artificial waters. In 2000 cyprinids accounted for 84% of farmed output.
Species composition of aquaculture in 2000 - Western Europe
Species |
Species |
Thousand tonnes |
Salmonoidei |
Salmonoids |
247 |
Cyprinoidei |
Cyprinids |
30 |
Anguilla anguilla |
European eel |
10 |
Percoidei |
Tilapias/perches |
8 |
Siluroidei |
Freshwater siluroids |
4 |
Miscellaneous |
Others |
4 |
A greater variety of species are cultured in Western Europe with a trend to supply a more specialist markets and greater experimentation. In contrast to Eastern Europe culture of salmonids dominates Western Europe aquaculture production; in 2000 that group accounted for nearly 82% of farmed output. Production of cyprinids and eels represented respectively the second and third largest outputs in terms of volume, and their combined output accounted for 13% of the total volume produced.
Inland capture fisheries in Eastern Europe are heavily dependant on cyprinids possibly due to the more homogeneous aquatic environments which are mainly eutrophic lowland lakes and potamonic, high order river plains. In 2000 the largest segment of production was of diadromous clupeoids (Azov sea sprat). A significant proportion of the total catches is not identified to the species level in statistical reporting. In 2000 the total inland catch not identified at species level accounted for around 26% of total; within this amount, about 11% was generically reported as unidentified freshwater catches.
Species composition of capture fisheries in 2000 - Eastern Europe
Species |
Species |
Thousand tonnes |
Clupeoidei |
Diadromous clupeoids |
121 |
Cyprinoidei |
Cyprinids |
93 |
Salmonoidei |
Salmonoids |
65 |
Percoidei |
Perches |
11 |
Esox lucius |
Northern pike |
10 |
Siluroidei |
Freshwater siluroids |
8 |
Miscellaneous |
Others |
38 |
Greater market opportunities, greater range in climatic and landscapes in the region have all contributed to a larger variety of species being harvested. Catches by anglers, many of which are from catch and return recreational fisheries are not included in these figures.
Species |
Species |
Thousand tonnes |
Cyprinoidei |
Cyprinids |
29 |
Salmonoidei |
Salmonoids |
19 |
Mugilidae |
Mullets |
17 |
Percoidei |
Perches |
14 |
Esox lucius |
Northern pike |
8 |
Astacidae, Cambaridae |
Crayfishes/crawfishes |
4 |
Anguilla anguilla |
European eel |
3 |
Miscellaneous |
Others |
39 |
Contribution of introduced aquatic organisms to European production in 2000
Status |
Western |
Eastern | ||
Capture |
Culture |
Capture |
Culture | |
Introduced |
3.3 % |
70.1 % |
15.3 % |
30.6% |
Native |
96.7% |
29.9 % |
84.7 % |
69.4% |
Introduced species contribute a high proportion of the fish caught within the European Region and the choice of these candidate species for culture contrasts between the two sub-regions. In Western Europe introduced species constitute 70% of total aquaculture output whereas in Eastern Europe this only represents 31% of total cultured output. The introduced O. Mykiss accounts for the major part of culture in Western Europe. Eastern Europe heavily depends on C. Carpio for culture. This species is widespread all over Europe and given that they have been introduced in ancient times it could be considered native. The use of Asiatic carps for culture has a long history in Eastern Europe and some have now become established or stocked into natural water bodies in support of capture fishery.
Species name |
Scientific name |
Rainbow trout |
Oncorhynchus mykiss |
Silver carp |
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix |
Pink(=Humpback)salmon |
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha |
Chum(=Keta=Dog)salmon |
Oncorhynchus keta |
Sockeye(=Red)salmon |
Oncorhynchus nerka |
Bighead carp |
Hypophthalmichthys nobilis |
Goldfish |
Carassius auratus |
North African catfish |
Clarias gariepinus |
Grass carp(=White amur) |
Ctenopharyngodon idellus |
Red swamp crawfish |
Procambarus clarkii |
Coho(=Silver)salmon |
Oncorhynchus kisutch |
Brook trout |
Salvelinus fontinalis |
Black bullhead |
Ameiurus melas |
Chinook(=Spring=King)salmon |
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha |
Tilapias nei |
Oreochromis (=Tilapia) spp |
Signal crayfish |
Pacifastacus leniusculus |
Channel catfish |
Ictalurus punctatus |
Masu(=Cherry) salmon |
Oncorhynchus masou |