All ecosystems, of which human societies are a part, depend on a healthy and productive natural environment that contains diverse plant and animal species. It is estimated that the current extinction rate of species is approximately 1,000 to 10,000 times higher than natural extinction rates. That is mainly due to the growing impact of human activities on ecosystems, in particular by increasing areas with intensive land use (Kearns, 2010). If these losses in species diversity continue, half the world’s species will disappear in one human lifetime (Wilson, 2002).