This policy brief summarizes the main points of the mitigation analysis of the EPIC programme for Zambia. It identifies the principal sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and highlights that the Agriculture, Forestry and Land Use (AFOLU) sector contributes the bulk of national emissions. It then examines GHG mitigation potential and the role of smallholder agriculture, analysing the impact of sustainable land management practices, agroforestry and improvements in livestock production. The brief concludes that sector development strategies targeting productivity increases, as well as resilience to climate variability through specific sustainable land management practices and smallholder livestock development options, can also benefit climate change mitigation in Zambia.