This article discusses the often problematic ways that evidence is called for and mobilized to justify industrial food systems. The author lays out the importance of bringing different knowledge systems into dialogue and then describe the notion of cognitive justice or the right (and the need) for multiple knowledges to co-exist. The article ends by calling for three strategies to work towards cognitive justice in agroecology: 1) Supporting self-organised knowledge systems of farmers, Indigenous peoples and their communities; 2) Transforming the institutional public research system and third and 3) strengthening transdisciplinary, participatory, anti-colonial and feminist agroecology methodologies.