Recycle agriculture has been the effective way to achieve cleaner agricultural production and sustainable utilization of agricultural resources. It is also an inevitable choice for modern agriculture to step out of developmental woes. This paper discusses the connotations, characteristics, theoretic basis and principles of recycle agriculture. The paper, especially, illustrates the essential characteristics of recycle agriculture (resource saving and industrial chain extension). Recycle agriculture as a new production pattern following recycle economy, is a resource-saving and efficient utilization mode of agricultural economy, an industrial chain extension path of agriculture, and an innovative rural concept of environment-friendly countryside. After analysis of developmental power and material flow processes, the paper notes that industrial agricultural chains are clockwise extrinsic circle paths of production and anticlockwise internal circle path of reusable resources. The development powers of recycle agriculture comprised of pull forces produced by inherent price mechanisms and competitive mechanisms within industrial chains. They also comprised of push powers produced by funds, technologies, policies, etc. outside industrial chains. The paper summarizes experiences of recycle agricultural development and the relative patterns in China. It is suggested that future research of recycle agriculture focus on the mechanisms, institutional innovation and compensation of recycle agriculture. There is also the need to establish a closed circle chain system of circular economy.