It is undoubted that biodiversity and its’ ecosystem services have significant importance for agricultural landscapes. The semi-natural habitats are the indispensable covers in agro-landscape, which maintain higher biodiversity because they provide refuge, foods and breeding place. To meet the demands of a growing human population, agricultural systems have been enlarged...

The history of diversified cropping can be dated back to the era of man’s evolution that followed hunting and gathering, and this form of cropping has stood the test of times to be still an important farming practice in modern agriculture. In recent years, to control insect pests using diversified...

At present, the application of buffer strips is becoming increasingly important in the development of modern eco-agriculture both at national and international scales. With proper design and construction, farmland buffer strips (e.g., field margins, wild flower strips, hedgerows and shelterbelts) can provide various ecosystem and landscape services, including erosion prevention,...

Integrated rice-crayfish system is a complex ecological system based on waterlogged paddy field cultivation characterized by crayfish fed by rice straw. Using rice monoculture system as the control, a 10-year (2005-2015) field experiment was conducted to study the effects of integrated rice-crayfish system on rice yield and soil physicochemical properties...

In 1979, Prof. Ma Shijun proposed the eco-engineering principles of "integration, co-ordination, circulation, regeneration and revitalization". Specially, he pointed out that eco-engineering was a production-technology system by which co-existence of species and revitalization of matters were applied with the best possible methods of systematic engineering and multi-level circulation. In 1987,...

After slash and burn, small subsistence agriculture and then industrial agriculture, agriculture is now entering an ecological stage. The turning point of agro-ecological transition in different countries has often occurred at the period when per capita average GDP range reached 10 thousand to 30 thousand USD. Diversified tactics, routes and...