生态农业知识中心

抵御力: 提升民众、社区和生态系统的抵御力对于可持续粮食和农业系统十分关键

多样化生态农业系统抵御力更强。这种系统更易从干旱、洪水或飓风等极端天气和其他干扰中恢复,对病虫害的抵御力也更强。在1998年飓风“米奇”袭击中美洲之后,具有生物多样性的农场,例如农林混作、等高耕作和地被间作等,比周边采用传统单作型农场多保留了20-40%的表层土,侵蚀现象较轻,经济损失也较少。

通过维持一定的功能平衡,生态农业系统能更好地抵御病虫害的侵袭。生态农业方法有助于恢复农业系统的生物复杂度,并促进互动生物之间形成必要的集群以自我调节有害生物爆发。在景观层面,多样化农业景观更有潜力实现病虫害防控的功能。

生态农业方法同样能提高社会经济的抵御能力。生产者通过多样化和一体化措施降低其在某一种作物、家畜品种或其他商品歉收时的脆弱性。通过减少对外部投入的依赖,生态农业能降低生产者对经济风险的脆弱性。提高生态系统和社会经济两方面的抵御能力要同时进行。毕竟,人类是生态系统的有机组成部分。

Database

Traditional Chiloé island agriculture is a highly integrated and self-sufficient system. It relies on the agrobiodiversity supported by traditional agricultural practices to efficiently use natural resources from the sea, forest and livestock for soil health improvement and for integrated pest management. The Zhejiang Huzhou system includes traditional and agroecological knowledge through...
Chile - China
个案研究
2018
Agronomic practices and management decisions can have a significant impact on the type and number of weeds on a farm. Understanding this relationship can help organic producers manage weeds through avoidance, and various cultural management practices. The most important steps of non-chemical weed management are prevention, diagnosis, and a number of...
Hungary
个案研究
2018
This poster describes various innovative sustainable practices used in agroecology. It provides brief information on pollination, natural pest control, crop-livestock integration, soil biodiversity, water management, forest management, nitrogen fixing and other ecological, economic and social principles and techniques of agroecology.
情况说明书
2016
During the International Symposium on Agroecology for Food Security and Nutrition, held at FAO headquarters in Rome on 18 and 19 September 2014, stakeholders representing governments, civil society, science and academia, the private sector, and the UN system gathered to discuss the contribution of agroecology to sustainable food systems. The...
会议文件
2015
生态农业不是一项新发明,可在二十世纪二十年代后的科学文献中找到踪迹,并 在家庭型农户的实践、促进可持续性的草根社会运动以及全世界各国的公共政策中得 到体现。在最近一段时间内,生态农业进入了国际性和联合国机构的讨论范畴. 生态农业与其他可持续发展举措根本不同。生态农业是基于自下而上和地 域性进程,根据各地具体情况提供有针对性的对策。生态农业创新以知识共创 为基础,将科学与生产者的传统型、应用型和本地化知识结合起来。通过提高 生产者和社区的自主性和适应能力,生态农业助其成为变革的关键动因。
书籍
2018