生态农业知识中心

效率:创新型生态农业方法用更少的外部资源带来更高的产出

提升资源利用效率是生态农业系统的一项新属性,通过仔细规划和管理多样性,在系统各构成部分之间形成协同效应。比如,效率方面的一项关键挑战在于全球农田中施用的氮肥仅有不到50%转化为收获产品,其余部分损失在环境中,导致严重的环境问题。

生态农业系统改善对自然资源,尤其是丰富和免费资源的利用,如太阳辐射、大气中的碳和氮元素等。通过促进生物过程以及生物质、营养素和水的循环使用,生产者能够用更少的外部资源,降低成本并减轻资源利用所产生的负面环境影响。最终,减少对外部资源的依赖能够通过提升生产者的自主能力和应对自然或经济冲击的抵御力来赋予其权能。

衡量综合性系统效率的一种方法是土地当量比。土地当量比对比了两种或以上品种(如作物、林木、家畜)共同种养时的单产以及通过单作实现的单产水平。综合性系统往往展示出更高的土地当量比。

因此,生态农业通过必要的生物、社会经济和机构多样性,以及与时空的匹配来推动农业系统,支持提高效率。

 

Database

The booklet, edited by the United Federation of Farmers and Livestock Associations (FUGEA), presents a series of practices and techniques to reinforce farmer's autonomy and the environmental, social and economic sustainability of the farms. The booklet covers eight main topics: food systems' autonomy, livestock, diversification, soil convervation, agroforestry, water protection, energy...
France
情况说明书
2017
This course is a joint effort of FAO and the Latin American Scientific Society of Agroecology (SOCLA) and aims to be a contribution to stimulate the exchange and dissemination of good practices of agroecology in the context of territorial development, sustainability, and resilience, governance, and empowerment of communities and people. The course...
学习
2021
Created in 2007, the Agroecology MS Program at UW-Madison trains students to research and analyze agricultural systems within a broader environmental and socio-economic context. The Agroecology Program is supported by the interdisciplinary Agroecology cluster, which hired three faculty members in 2002: Michael Bell in community and environmental sociology, Claudio Gratton...
United States of America
学习
Adapting agriculture to build resilience to climate change involves a series of actions to identify, test, demonstrate and disseminate good agricultural practices to challenge changing climatic conditions. This study seeks to provide a conceptual and methodological framework for resilient agriculture projects and interventions in the region. It aims is to identify...
个案研究
2018
Maria Tekülve, the Deputy Head of Division and Focal Point for Rural Development and Agroecology at the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) reflects on the role of agroecological approaches in international cooperation in an interview with Silvia Richter for the International Journal for Rural Development. The material reflects Maria Tekülve's...
Germany
论文
2021