生态农业知识中心

效率:创新型生态农业方法用更少的外部资源带来更高的产出

提升资源利用效率是生态农业系统的一项新属性,通过仔细规划和管理多样性,在系统各构成部分之间形成协同效应。比如,效率方面的一项关键挑战在于全球农田中施用的氮肥仅有不到50%转化为收获产品,其余部分损失在环境中,导致严重的环境问题。

生态农业系统改善对自然资源,尤其是丰富和免费资源的利用,如太阳辐射、大气中的碳和氮元素等。通过促进生物过程以及生物质、营养素和水的循环使用,生产者能够用更少的外部资源,降低成本并减轻资源利用所产生的负面环境影响。最终,减少对外部资源的依赖能够通过提升生产者的自主能力和应对自然或经济冲击的抵御力来赋予其权能。

衡量综合性系统效率的一种方法是土地当量比。土地当量比对比了两种或以上品种(如作物、林木、家畜)共同种养时的单产以及通过单作实现的单产水平。综合性系统往往展示出更高的土地当量比。

因此,生态农业通过必要的生物、社会经济和机构多样性,以及与时空的匹配来推动农业系统,支持提高效率。

 

Database

The training courses cover the following topics: Agroecology and the planetary food, energy, economic and social crises Principles and concepts of agroecology: The scientific basis The ecological role of biodiversity in agroecosystems Biodiversity and insect pest management Soil ecology and management Ecological basis of disease and weed management Agroecological basis...
手册
2015
The report reviews the history and construction of the National Policy on Agroecology and Organic Production in Brazil (Política Nacional de Agroecologia e Produção Orgânica no Brasil, Pnapo), a policy that originated from the claims and initiatives from the sovil society and was collectively built. Thanks to the newly created spaces...
Brazil
报告
2017
Andhra Pradesh Community Managed Natural Farming (officially abbreviated as APCNF), which was launched in 2016 in Andhra Pradesh, India is a paradigm shift in agricultural development. For the first time in the country, a state government has acknowledged and admitted the pitfalls of seed-water-fertilizer models promoted by the Green Revolution...
India
报告
2020
Starting from the early 1990s, a multitude of national and regional initiatives have emerged in the Great Mekong Sub-Region for supporting ecological intensification of agriculture or agroecology. The French Agency for Development (AFD) has been a very active supporter of these initiatives, especially in relation to the promotion of Conservation...
书籍
2015
Today's challenges require systemic responses that reconcile the economic, environmental, and social dimensions. Agroecology can give that opportunity to generate a necessary and urgent conversation about transforming food systems towards sustainability. This article documents how municipalities throughout Argentina are committed to the proposal of promoting agroecology, generating markets, fairs, knowledge exchange meetings, and...
Argentina
论文
2022