sheep and goat breeds
of india
FAO ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND HEALTH PAPER 30
|
sheep and goat breeds
of india |
by
r.m. acharya
director, central sheep and wool research institute
avikanagar via jaipur (rajasthan)
india 304 501
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M-21
ISBN 92-5-101212-1
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FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS
Rome © FAO 1982
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1.1 History
1.2 General
1.3 Breeds
1.4 Population trends
1.5 Breeds requiring conservation
1.6 Earlier descriptions of Indian breeds of sheep and goats
1.7 Methodology of this study
References
2. THE NORTHWESTERN ARID AND SEMI-ARID REGION
2.1.1 Land use
2.1.2 Topography
2.1.3 Major soil types
2.1.4 Feed and fodder resources
2.1.5 Management practices
2.1.6 Population, production and important breeds
2.2.1 Chokla (Plate 1)
2.2.2 Nali (Plate 2)
2.2.3 Marwari (Plate 3)
2.2.4 Magra (Plate 4)
2.2.5 Jaisalmeri (Plate 5)
2.2.6 Pugal (Plate 6)
2.2.7 Malpura (Plate 7)
2.2.8 Sonadi (Plate 8)
2.2.9 Patanwadi (Plate 9)
2.2.10 Muzzafarangri (Plate 10)
2.2.11 Jalauni (Plate 11)
2.2.12 Hissardale
2.3.1 Sirohi (Plate 12)
2.3.2 Marwari (Plate 13)
2.3.3 Beetal (Plate 14)
2.3.4 Jhakrana (Plate 15)
2.3.5 Barbari (Plate 16)
2.3.6 Jamnapari (Plate 17)
2.3.7 Mehsana (Plate 18)
2.3.8 Gohilwadi (Plate 19)
2.3.9 Zalawadi (Plate 20)
2.3.10 Kutchi (Plate 21)
2.3.11 Surti (Plate 22)
References
3. THE SOUTHERN PENINSULAR REGION
3.1.1 Land use
3.1.2 Topography
3.1.3 Major soil types
3.1.4 Feed and fodder resources
3.1.5 Management practices
3.1.6 Population, production and important breeds
3.2.1 Deccani (Plate 23)
3.2.2 Bellary (Plate 24)
3.2.3 Nellore (Plate 25)
3.2.4 Mandya (Plate 26)
3.2.5 Hassan (Plate 27)
3.2.6 Mecheri (Plate 28)
3.2.7 Kilakarsal (Plate 29)
3.2.8 Vembur (Plate 30)
3.2.9 Coimbatore (Plate 31)
3.2.10 Nilgiri (Plate 32)
3.2.11 Ramnad White (Plate 33)
3.2.12 Madras Red (Plate 34)
3.2.13 Tiruchy Black (Plate 35)
3.2.14 Kenguri (Plate 36)
3.3.1 Sangamneri (Plate 37)
3.3.2 Malabari (Plate 38)
3.3.3 Osmanabadi (Plate 39)
3.3.4 Kannaiadu (Plate 40)
References
4.1.1 Land use
4.1.2 Topography
4.1.3 Major soil types
4.1.4 Feed and fodder resources
4.1.5 Management practices
4.1.6 Population, production and important breeds
4.2.1 Chottanagpuri (Plate 41)
4.2.2 Shahabadi (Plate 42)
4.2.3 Balangir (Plate 43)
4.2.4 Ganjam (Plate 44)
4.2.5 Tibetan (Plate 45)
4.2.6 Bonpala (Plate 46)
4.3.1 Ganjam (Plate 47)
4.3.2 Bengal (Plate 48)
References
5. THE NORTHERN TEMPERATE REGION
5.1.1 Land use
5.1.2 Topography
5.1.3 Major soil types
5.1.4 Feed and fodder resources
5.1.5 Management practices
5.1.6 Population, production and important breeds
5.2.1 Gaddi (Plate 49)
5.2.2 Rampur Bushair (Plate 50)
5.2.3 Bhakarwal
5.2.4 Poonchi (Plate 51)
5.2.5 Karnah (Plate 52)
5.2.6 Gurez (Plate 53)
5.2.7 Kashmir Merino
5.2.8 Changthangi (Plate 54)
5.3.1 Gaddi (Plate 55)
5.3.2 Changthangi (Plate 56)
5.3.3 Chigu (Plate 57)
References
6.1 Organization
6.2 Sheep and goat development programmes
6.3 Research programmes in sheep and goat production
References
FIGURES
1. Sheep population by districts (1972 census)
2. Goat population by districts (1972 census)
3. Sheep breeds in the northwestern arid and semi-arid region
4. Goat breeds in the northwestern arid and semi-arid region
5. Sheep breeds in the southern peninsular region
6. Goat breeds in the southern peninsular region
7. Sheep breeds in the eastern region
8. Goat breeds in the eastern region
9. Sheep breeds in the northern temperate region
10. Goat breeds in the northern temperate region
TABLES
1. Sheep population by States
2. Goat population by States
I am grateful to the Chief, Animal Production Service, Animal Production and Health Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, for requesting me to prepare this monograph, and to the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (Director-General and Deputy Director-General, Animal Sciences), for authorizing me to undertake the assignment.
The Directors of Animal Husbandry and Sheep and Wool of all the States provided me with reports of surveys conducted by their departments, information on the 1977 census, wherever available, and facilities to conduct surveys in the home tracts of the breeds. The senior officers of these departments were also available for disucssion.
Although I personally made some attempts to survey the breeds of sheep and goats in Jammu & Kashmir, most of the information on these breeds was provided by Dr. G.A. Bandey, Adviser (Agriculture), Government of Jammu & Kashmir, and Dr. G.M. Khan, Scientist-in-Charge, All-India Coordinated Research Project on Goat-Breeding for Pashmina at Upshi, Leh, Ladakh.
The project coordinators, All-India Coordinated Research Project on Sheep-Breeding and All-India Coordinated Research Project on Goat-Breeding (Dr. C.L. Arora and Dr. K.L. Sahni respectively), and scientists in charge of various units of these projects also assisted in recording information on native breeds in their units and in providing information on their productivity. I am also grateful to the Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, for making available the surveys on wool production conducted in the States of Himachal Pradesh, Gujarat, Andha Pradesh and Mysore (Karnataka).
Dr. V.K. Singh, Geneticist, in charge of the Southern Regional Research Centre of the Institute, provided me with most of the data given here on the South Indian breeds, and Dr. B.C. Patnayak and Dr. R.K. Mishra on the breeds in Orissa. The information on the breeds of Himachal Pradesh was provided by Dr. J.M. Mahajan, Head, Division of Fur Animal Breeding of this Institute. Dr. R.K. Mishra and Dr. N.P. Singh assisted me in surveys of sheep and goat breeds in Gujarat, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. Dr. A.E. Nivsarkar and Dr. R.N. Singh assisted me in compiling the voluminous survey data and in computation, review of the literature, and correcting the monograph at various draft stages. Mr. Nimi Chand Gupta, Mr. P.K. Jain, Mr. S.S.R. Naqvi, of the Statistics Section, also assisted in the compilation and computation work. Dr. A.S. Faroda, Associate Professor (Agronomy), Haryana Agricultural University, Hissar, and Dr. P.M. Jain, Junior Scientist (Agronomy) of this Institute, assisted me in compiling information on land use, soil types, topography and feed resources in different regions of the country. Mr. Babu Lal Sharma and Mr. Manak Chand Prajapati helped me in the preparation of the figures and taking of some of the photographs. Most of the photographs of the breeds of sheep and goats were taken by me and my colleagues mentioned earlier, and are now the property of the Institute.
I am finally grateful to Mr. P.P. Krishnan, Mr. S. Philipose and Mr. S.R. Achary for typing and correcting a number of drafts and the final version.