Mangrove swamps cover large areas in the extreme south of Viet Nam, at Rungsat near Ho Chi Minh City and in the Songkoi Delta. Rhizophora sp. and Bruguiera sp. make up three-quarters of the thriving forests. The main species in the Camau Peninsula mangrove swamps are Rhizophora conjugata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Ceriops roxburghiana and Lumnitzera coccinea.
FAO, UNEP. 1981. Tropical Forest Resourcess Assesment Project, Forest Resources of Tropical Asia. FAO, UNEP, 475 pp.
Year |
Area |
Source |
Trend |
Methodology/Comments |
1943 |
400 000 |
Maurand. 1943. |
Cited in: Forest Science Inst. of Vietnam. 1991. Rational utilization, protection and development of the intertidal forest ecosystem to stop soil and environment resources depletion. Forest Science Inst. of Vietnam, Hanoi 84 pp. | |
1965 |
320 000 |
FAO, UNEP. 1981. Tropical Forest Resourcess Assesment Project, Forest Resources of Tropical Asia FAO, UNEP, 475 pp |
X |
Remote sensing |
1971 |
295 877 |
Granich, S., Kelly, M. and N. Huu Ninh. 1993. Global Warming and Vietnam. A briefing document. University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK,
International Institute for Environment and Development, London, UK,
Centre for Environment Research Education and Development, Hanoi, Vietnam.
http://www.cru.uea.ac.uk/tiempo/floor0/briefing/ |
X |
Secondary reference, no primary source provided. Before 1960 Viet Nam had 400 000 ha of mangroves; between 1962 and 1971 104 123 ha have been destroyed during the war. |
1980 |
465 000 |
FAO, UNEP. 1981. Tropical Forest Resourcess Assesment Project, Forest Resources of Tropical Asia FAO, UNEP, 475 pp |
Extent of mangroves and tidal forests. | |
1980 |
169 000 |
FAO, UNEP. 1981. Tropical Forest Resourcess Assesment Project, Forest Resources of Tropical Asia FAO, UNEP, 475 pp |
X |
A deforestation rate has been applied to the 1965 mangrove estimate (see above). Mainly based on: Westing, A.H. 1976. Ecological consequences of the Second Indochina War. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. |
1982 |
252 000 |
Van Ba Tran. 1993. Utilization and management of mangrove ecosystems in Vietnam. In Proceedings of the Asia-Pacific Symposium on Mangrove Ecosystem, Yuk-Shan Wong and Nora, F.Y. Tam, eds. The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, 1-3 September, 1993. 368 pp. |
Secondary reference, no primary source provided. | |
1983 |
252 500 |
Hong, P.N.and San, H.T. 1993. Mangroves of Vietnam. IUCN The World Conservation Union, Bangkok, Thailand, 173 pp. |
X |
Information according to: Forest Inventory and Planning Institute (FIPI, 1983). |
1984 |
286 400 |
Hamilton, L.S. and Snedaker, S.C., eds. Handbook for Mangrove Area Management. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. UNESCO Paris & East-West Center, Hawaii; 123 pp |
Secondary reference, no primary source provided. The "Year" is the publication year. | |
1987 |
272 300 |
Spalding, M.D., Blasco, F. and Field, C.D., eds. 1997. World Mangrove Atlas. The International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems, Okinawa, Japan. 178 pp. |
Map analysis. Scale 1:4 000 000. | |
1991 |
260 000 |
Forest Science Inst. of Vietnam. 1991. Rational utilization, protection and development of the intertidal forest ecosystem to stop soil and environment resources depletion. Forest Science Inst. of Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam 84 pp. |
Secondary reference, no primary source provided. The "Year" is the publication year. | |
1995 |
200 000 |
Kelleher, G., Bleakley, C. and Wells, S. 1995. A global representative system of marine protected areas. Vol.II-III-IV Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, IBRD, The World Bank, IUCN. IBRD |
Secondary reference, no primary source provided. The "Year" is the publication year. | |
1996 |
154 000 |
Tuan, M.S. 1996. Building up the strategy for mangrove management in Vietnam. In proceedings of the ECOTONE V Regional Seminar: Community Participation In Conservation, Sustainable Use and Rehabilitationof Mangroves In Southeast Asia, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 8-12 January,1996. Mangrove Ecosystem ResearchCentre (MERC) , Vietnam National University, Vietnam |
Cited in: Can Gio Mangrove Management Scheme in Ho Chi Min City. http://www.vista.gov.vn/TestEnglish/tindt/ Secondary reference, no primary source provided. The "Year" is the publication year. | |
2000 |
250 000 |
Aizpuru, M., Achard, F., and Blasco, F. 2000. Global Assessment of Cover Change of the Mangrove Forests using satellite imagery at medium to high resolution. In EEC Research project n 15017-1999-05 FIED ISP FR – Joint Research center, Ispra. |
Secondary reference, no primary source provided. The "Year" is the publication year. Rough estimate. |
